Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-irish-tain-bo-cualnge-dunn-gutenberg-l8940-l8986

batch.motif.celtic-irish-tain-bo-cualnge-dunn-gutenberg-l8940-l8986

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-irish-tain-bo-cualnge-dunn-gutenberg-l8940-l8986
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/tain-bo-cualnge-dunn.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE GREAT ROUT ON THE PLAIN OF MURTHEMNE FOLLOWETH HERE BELOW / THE SCYTHED
    CHARIOT / XVIII / HERE NOW IS TOLD THE MISTHROW AT BELACH EOIN.; lines 8940-8986
  start: '8940'
  end: '8986'
  translation: The Ancient Irish Epic Tale Tain Bo Cualnge
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage gives two explanations for the name Imroll Belaig Eoin, the
    Misthrow at Bird-pass. In one, spear casts by Doche and Fiacha strike their own
    companions or kinsmen. In the alternate account, Diarmait and Mane parley over
    demands concerning the cattle and bulls; after Medb refuses, Diarmait proposes
    an exchange of arms, both men cast spears and die, and their forces clash with
    heavy losses.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Fiacha Fialdana of the Ulstermen comes to speak with Mane Andoe of the Connachtmen,
    identified as the son of his mother's sister; Dubthach Doel accompanies Fiacha,
    and Doche macMagach accompanies Mane.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Doche macMagach hurls a spear at Fiacha Fialdana, but it goes through Dubthach
    Doel, who is Doche's own friend.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Fiacha Fialdana hurls a spear at Doche macMagach, but it goes through Mane
    Andoe, Fiacha's own friend and near relation.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: The men of Erin call the event a mishap in throwing, because each man killed
    his friend and nearest relation, and the place-name Imroll Belaig Eoin is explained
    from this event.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:5
  text: In the alternate account, the hosts go to Belach Eoin, their two troops wait
    there, and Diarmait macConchobar comes from the north requesting that Mane come
    with one man for a parley.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Diarmait says he comes from Conchobar with commands for Ailill and Medb to
    release the cows, make good the harm done, and bring the western bull to meet
    the other bull because Medb has pledged it.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:7
  text: Mane reports to Medb and Ailill and then states that Medb will not grant the
    demand.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Diarmait proposes a fair exchange of arms; Mane agrees, and each casts his
    spear at the other so that both die.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: After the two men die, their forces rush upon one another and three-score
    of each force fall; the name Ard in Dirma is explained from this.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Fiacha Fialdana
  description: An Ulsterman called 'the Generous and Intrepid' who comes to speak
    with Mane and later throws a spear that kills Mane.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Mane Andoe
  description: A Connachtman called 'the Unslow,' identified as the son of Fiacha's
    mother's sister; in the first account he is killed by Fiacha's spear, and in the
    alternate account he parleys with Diarmait and dies in mutual spear-casting.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Dubthach Doel
  description: An Ulsterman called 'the Black Tongue' who accompanies Fiacha and is
    struck by Doche's spear.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Doche macMagach
  description: A companion of Mane who hurls a spear at Fiacha but strikes Dubthach.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Men of Erin
  description: A collective group who interpret the event as a mishap in throwing.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Diarmait macConchobar
  description: An Ulsterman who comes from the north, requests a parley with Mane,
    carries commands from Conchobar, proposes an exchange of arms, and dies in mutual
    spear-casting.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Conchobar
  description: Named as the sender of commands delivered by Diarmait to Ailill and
    Medb.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Ailill
  description: One of the recipients of Conchobar's commands concerning the cows,
    compensation, and the bull.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Medb
  description: One of the recipients of Conchobar's commands; Mane reports that the
    demand cannot be had of Medb.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Two forces or troops
  description: The opposing forces that wait at Belach Eoin and later rush upon one
    another, with three-score from each force falling.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: kinsmen or parley counterparts
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  basis: Fiacha comes to speak with Mane, who is identified as his close maternal
    relation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: spear-thrower whose cast kills an ally or relation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  basis: Doche's spear strikes Dubthach, and Fiacha's spear strikes Mane.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: misstruck companion or relation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  basis: Dubthach and Mane are killed by spear casts intended for others.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: parley participant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  basis: Diarmait asks that Mane come with one man to parley, while Diarmait will
    go with another.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: event namers or interpreters
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The men of Erin state that a mishap in throwing has happened and the passage
    links this to the title.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: message bearer from Conchobar
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Diarmait says he has come from Conchobar with commands for Ailill and Medb.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: mutual spear-caster who dies
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  basis: After the proposed exchange of arms, each casts his spear at the other and
    both die.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: command sender
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Conchobar is named as the source of the commands Diarmait delivers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: rulers receiving demands
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: Ailill and Medb are the named recipients of the commands to release cows,
    make compensation, and bring the bull.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:10
  label: refuser of demand
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Mane reports that the requested settlement cannot be had of Medb.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:11
  label: opposing battle forces
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The two troops wait at Belach Eoin and later rush upon one another, with
    losses on each side.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: spear
  literal_form: Thrown spear used in both accounts of the fatal misthrow or mutual
    casting.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: Belach Eoin / Bird-pass
  literal_form: Named pass where the misthrow or mutual spear-casting is said to occur
    and from which Imroll Belaig Eoin is explained.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: cows and paired bulls
  literal_form: Cows to be released and two bulls to be brought together, including
    the western bull and the other bull identified in notes as the White-horned and
    the Brown of Cualnge.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: Ard in Dirma / Height of the Troop
  literal_form: Place-name explained after the forces clash and three-score from each
    force fall.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: First explanation of the Misthrow at Bird-pass
  summary: Fiacha comes to speak with Mane, but spear throws by Doche and Fiacha strike
    Dubthach and Mane instead; the men of Erin call this a mishap in throwing and
    the title is explained from it.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Parley and settlement demand
  summary: In an alternate account, the hosts reach Belach Eoin, Diarmait requests
    parley with Mane, and delivers Conchobar's demand that Ailill and Medb release
    the cows, make compensation, and bring the bull to meet the other bull.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Refusal, exchange of arms, mutual death, and troop clash
  summary: Mane reports Medb's refusal, Diarmait proposes an exchange of arms, Diarmait
    and Mane cast spears at each other and die, and their forces then clash with three-score
    deaths on each side.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: misthrown weapon kills ally or kin
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The first account centers on spear casts aimed at enemies but striking the
    throwers' own friend or near relation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the action as a mishap; it does not explain whether
    the misthrows are accidental, fated, or caused by external powers.
- id: motif:2
  label: parley breaks down into mutual killing
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The alternate account begins with a parley over restitution; after refusal
    and a proposed exchange of arms, the two parleying men cast spears and both die.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not present the parley as a formal truce with explicit
    protection, only as a meeting to speak.
- id: motif:3
  label: violent event explains a place-name
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Both accounts explain Imroll Belaig Eoin from deaths by spear-casting, and
    the subsequent troop losses explain Ard in Dirma.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The extraction treats the naming as a literary etiological pattern, not
    as historical toponymy.
- id: motif:4
  label: failed cattle restitution demand before renewed violence
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Diarmait's message demands release of cows, compensation for harms, and the
    meeting of the bulls; Medb refuses, after which lethal violence follows.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not narrate the larger cattle-raid context beyond the
    demands stated here.
- id: motif:5
  label: exchange of arms becomes fatal exchange
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Diarmait proposes a fair exchange of arms, and the exchange is realized as
    mutual spear-casting that kills both participants.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The phrase may denote an agreed martial exchange rather than an exchange
    of weapons as gifts or property.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: 'The passage preserves two alternative explanations for the same Bird-pass
    naming event: one through mistaken spear throws killing companions or kin, and
    another through mutual spear-casting after a failed parley.'
  claim_level: same_function
  target: alternate account of Imroll Belaig Eoin cited to LU and YBL 2114-2128
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This is a passage-internal comparison between variant explanations
    supplied by the text and note; no external historical relationship is inferred
    beyond the cited alternate source tradition.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8940-8955
  quote_or_summary: 'First account: Fiacha comes with Dubthach to speak with Mane;
    Doche throws at Fiacha but strikes Dubthach, and Fiacha throws at Doche but strikes
    Mane. The men of Erin call this a mishap in throwing, explaining Imroll Belaig
    Eoin.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/tain-bo-cualnge-dunn.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8956-8969
  quote_or_summary: 'Alternate account begins: the hosts proceed to Belach Eoin; Diarmait
    asks Mane to parley and says he comes from Conchobar with commands for Ailill
    and Medb to release the cows, repair harms, and bring the western bull to meet
    the other bull.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/tain-bo-cualnge-dunn.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8970-8977
  quote_or_summary: Mane reports that Medb will not grant the demand. Diarmait proposes
    a fair exchange of arms; Mane accepts; each casts his spear at the other and both
    die, giving the place its name.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/tain-bo-cualnge-dunn.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8978-8980
  quote_or_summary: Their forces rush upon each other; three-score of each force fall,
    explaining the name Ard in Dirma, 'the Height of the Troop.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/tain-bo-cualnge-dunn.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
- id: ev:5
  type: note
  locator: lines 8982-8986
  quote_or_summary: The alternate passage is noted as LU and YBL 2114-2128; notes
    identify the bulls as the White-horned and the Brown of Cualnge.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-irish/project-gutenberg/tain-bo-cualnge-dunn.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than quoted at length.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The literal sequence and named figures are clear in the passage. Motif labels
    are descriptive and use no unsupported taxonomy IDs. The comparison claim is limited
    to the passage's own alternate explanation and citation note.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No available taxonomy symbol refs were applied because none of the listed symbol terms are literal in this passage. No broad motif-family taxonomy refs were applied because the available families do not directly match the passage-level pattern without interpretive expansion.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-irish-tain-bo-cualnge-dunn-gutenberg__l8940-l8986
  passage_sha256=cf6325ef5d29c958c6888d8d3ae6fd89c9a9f5a3ac84041f56b479b62d4a6418