batch.motif.greek-plato-symposium-jowett-gutenberg-l1355-l1438
---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-plato-symposium-jowett-gutenberg-l1355-l1438
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
passage_locator:
label: Symposium / SYMPOSIUM / INTRODUCTION. / SYMPOSIUM; lines 1355-1438
start: '1355'
end: '1438'
translation: Symposium
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: there are two goddesses there must be two Loves
summary: Pausanias, as reported through Aristodemus, argues that Love should not
be praised indiscriminately. He distinguishes a heavenly Aphrodite and Love from
a common Aphrodite and Love, links the distinction to genealogy and ethical conduct,
and discusses differing civic customs concerning male attachments, including their
political significance under tyranny.
language: English
quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The passage moves from Phaedrus' speech to Pausanias' speech as remembered
and repeated by Aristodemus.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Pausanias says Love should not be praised indiscriminately because there is
more than one Love.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Pausanias identifies an elder heavenly Aphrodite, daughter of Uranus with
no mother, and a younger common Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus and Dione.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Pausanias associates each Aphrodite with a corresponding Love, one common
and one heavenly.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: Pausanias says actions such as drinking, singing, and talking are not good
or evil in themselves but vary according to how they are performed.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: The common Love is described as indiscriminate, bodily, and directed toward
women as well as youths.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:7
text: The heavenly Love is described as directed toward males of valiant and intelligent
nature, especially those whose reason is beginning to develop.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:8
text: Pausanias says rules and customs about love differ among Lacedaemon, Elis,
Boeotia, Ionia, Athens, and countries subject to barbarians.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Pausanias says loves of youths are held dishonourable in places subject to
barbarians because philosophy, gymnastics, and such attachments are inimical to
tyranny.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:10
text: Pausanias cites the love of Aristogeiton and the constancy of Harmodius as
having strength that undid the power of Athenian tyrants.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:11
text: Pausanias says that in his own country open loves are considered more honourable
than secret ones, especially love of the noblest and highest.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Phaedrus
description: Earlier speaker whose speech is recalled before Pausanias' speech.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Aristodemus
description: Person said not to remember some speeches and to repeat Pausanias'
speech.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Pausanias
description: Speaker whose argument distinguishes forms of Love and Aphrodite.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Love
description: Divine or personified object of praise that Pausanias says must be
distinguished into more than one form.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: heavenly Aphrodite
description: Elder Aphrodite, having no mother, called heavenly, daughter of Uranus.
role_refs:
- role:5
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: common Aphrodite
description: Younger Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus and Dione, called common.
role_refs:
- role:5
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: heavenly Love
description: Love associated with heavenly Aphrodite and described as directed toward
males of valiant and intelligent nature.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: common Love
description: Love associated with common Aphrodite and described as indiscriminate
and bodily.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Uranus
description: Father of the heavenly Aphrodite.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Zeus
description: Father of the common Aphrodite.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Dione
description: Mother of the common Aphrodite.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Aristogeiton
description: Named with Harmodius in an example of love opposing tyrannical power.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Harmodius
description: Named with Aristogeiton in an example of constancy opposing tyrannical
power.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:14
name_or_label: Athenian tyrants
description: Rulers whose power is said to have been undone by the love of Aristogeiton
and constancy of Harmodius.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
label: earlier speaker
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Phaedrus' speech is identified before the transition to Pausanias.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: remembering reporter
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Aristodemus is said not to remember some speeches and to repeat Pausanias'
speech.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: speaker of ethical distinction
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Pausanias argues that Love must be praised only after distinguishing which
Love is meant.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:4
label: personified or divine Love
assigned_to:
- fig:4
- fig:7
- fig:8
basis: The passage treats Love as an entity associated with Aphrodite and divided
into heavenly and common forms.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:5
label: contrasted goddess
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:6
basis: Pausanias distinguishes two Aphrodites, heavenly and common.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:6
label: divine kinship figure
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
basis: The passage gives parent-child relationships among Aphrodite, Uranus, Zeus,
and Dione.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:7
label: noble or heavenly form of Love
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: This Love is linked with heavenly Aphrodite and with valiant, intelligent
male attachments.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:8
label: common or indiscriminate form of Love
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: This Love is linked with common Aphrodite and described as bodily and undiscriminating.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:9
label: exemplary bonded pair
assigned_to:
- fig:12
- fig:13
basis: Aristogeiton and Harmodius are cited as a pair whose love and constancy had
political force.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:10
label: oppressive rulers
assigned_to:
- fig:14
basis: The Athenian tyrants are said to have had their power undone.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: twofold division
literal_form: two goddesses and two Loves
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs:
- duality
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: sym:2
label: heavenly and common contrast
literal_form: the labels heavenly and common applied to Aphrodite and Love
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs:
- duality
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Transition from Phaedrus to Pausanias
summary: After Phaedrus' speech and other forgotten speeches, Aristodemus reports
Pausanias' speech.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Genealogical division of Aphrodite and Love
summary: Pausanias distinguishes two Aphrodites by parentage and assigns a corresponding
Love to each.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Ethical evaluation of actions and loves
summary: Pausanias argues that actions and loves become good or bad according to
their manner and purpose.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:4
label: Regional customs about love
summary: Pausanias compares different civic attitudes toward attachments in Lacedaemon,
Elis, Boeotia, Ionia, Athens, and lands subject to barbarians.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:10
- id: scene:5
label: Political example of Aristogeiton and Harmodius
summary: Pausanias presents Aristogeiton and Harmodius as an example of a bond whose
strength opposed tyrannical power.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:12
- fig:13
- fig:14
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: two opposed forms of a divine power
taxonomy_refs:
- duality
basis: The passage divides Aphrodite and Love into heavenly and common forms and
builds the argument on this paired contrast.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: This is a philosophical classification within a speech rather than a narrative
myth episode.
- id: motif:2
label: divine parentage distinguishing sacred status
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_parent_child
basis: 'The two Aphrodites are differentiated by divine parentage: heavenly Aphrodite
as daughter of Uranus without a mother, and common Aphrodite as daughter of Zeus
and Dione.'
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: high
cautions: The passage uses genealogy to support an ethical distinction; it does
not narrate the births in detail.
- id: motif:3
label: noble love linked to intelligence and ethical discipline
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The heavenly Love is associated with valiant and intelligent nature, developing
reason, fidelity, and lifelong companionship.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The link to the taxonomy family 'wisdom' is thematic and ethical rather
than a discrete wisdom tale.
- id: motif:4
label: bond of love as resistance to tyranny
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Pausanias says rulers fear strong bonds of friendship or society and cites
Aristogeiton and Harmodius as undoing tyrannical power.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage gives a political example but does not narrate the full historical
episode.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage itself contrasts different regional Greek and non-Greek civic
treatments of similar erotic attachments, presenting them as variations in social
regulation of the same practice.
claim_level: same_function
target: customs concerning love in Lacedaemon, Elis, Boeotia, Ionia, Athens, and
countries subject to barbarians
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:10
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage summarizes customs polemically through Pausanias' speech
and gives limited detail for each region.
- id: claim:2
claim: The parenthetical reference to Aristotle's Politics suggests a nearby Greek
political-philosophical comparison for the idea that tyrannies fear strong bonds
among subjects.
claim_level: same_function
target: Aristotle, Politics, as referenced in the passage
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: The passage gives only a brief parenthetical comparison and no direct
quotation or detailed argument from Aristotle.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: 1355-1359
quote_or_summary: Phaedrus' speech is followed by other speeches Aristodemus did
not remember; Aristodemus then repeats Pausanias' speech.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:2
type: quote
locator: 1359-1366
quote_or_summary: Pausanias says Love should not be praised indiscriminately and
that, since there is more than one Love, the speaker must determine which Love
is to be praised.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; brief excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: 1366-1375
quote_or_summary: 'Pausanias says Love is inseparable from Aphrodite; there are
two Aphrodites and therefore two Loves: heavenly Aphrodite, daughter of Uranus
with no mother, and common Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus and Dione.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: 1375-1382
quote_or_summary: Pausanias says actions such as drinking, singing, and talking
are not good or evil in themselves but become good or evil according to how they
are done.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: 1382-1390
quote_or_summary: The Love from common Aphrodite is described as common, undiscriminating,
bodily, directed toward women as well as youths, and careless about noble accomplishment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: 1390-1404
quote_or_summary: The Love from heavenly Aphrodite is described as from the male
only, without wantonness, turning toward males of valiant and intelligent nature,
and seeking faithful lifelong companionship.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: 1404-1417
quote_or_summary: Pausanias says love of young boys should be forbidden by law because
their future character is uncertain, and then notes that rules about love are
perplexing in Athens and Lacedaemon but simple in Elis and Boeotia.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: 1417-1428
quote_or_summary: In Ionia and places subject to barbarians, such attachments are
dishonourable; Pausanias says philosophy, gymnastics, and loves of youths are
inimical to tyranny because rulers do not want strong bonds among subjects.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
- id: ev:9
type: quote
locator: 1428-1432
quote_or_summary: Pausanias says "the love of Aristogeiton and the constancy of
Harmodius had a strength which undid their power."
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; brief quote.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: 1432-1438
quote_or_summary: 'Pausanias says in his own country a better but perplexing principle
prevails: open loves are more honourable than secret ones, especially love of
the noblest and highest.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/symposium-jowett.md
rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The passage is argumentative and philosophical rather than a mythic narrative;
duality and divine parentage are explicit, while wisdom and political-resistance
motifs are thematic.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
All claims are based only on the supplied passage and metadata. No external details about Plato, Aphrodite traditions, Aristogeiton, Harmodius, or Aristotle were added.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:greek-plato-symposium-jowett-gutenberg__l1355-l1438
passage_sha256=6eb37808a3aaae31a9a4a5cfddae1dfb8f6bdcfa5c29395b4fc5c4da0b7307b8