Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg-l9902-l10130

batch.motif.sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg-l9902-l10130

---
record_id: batch.motif.sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg-l9902-l10130
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
passage_locator:
  label: E.H. WHINFIELD, M.A. / INTRODUCTION / E.H. WHINFIELD / QUATRAINS OF OMAR
    KHAYYAM; lines 9902-10130
  start: '9902'
  end: '10130'
  translation: The Sufistic Quatrains of Omar Khayyam
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A sequence of Khayyam quatrains treats roses, spring, wine, repentance,
    divine grace, human frailty, cosmic determinism, old age, death, the uncertainty
    of afterlife, the Loved One, and the hostile wheel of heaven. The passage alternates
    between garden and tavern imagery, supplication to God, skepticism about philosophical
    dogma, and mystical language of losing the self in the Beloved.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Bulbuls complain over roses, while a rose is described as having sunk to earth
    and sprung from earth again.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The speaker asks what remains after long worldly bliss and the reading of
    life's last page.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Cypress and lily are described as 'free'; the lily has many tongues but is
    silent, and the cypress has many hands that take no bribe.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The speaker commands a cupbearer to bring a wine-cup and a pleasing chain
    that entangles wise men and fools alike.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The speaker reproaches himself for forbidden meats, lusts, neglected duties,
    and wrongdoing, while another quatrain says hope rests on divine grace rather
    than merit.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The speaker addresses the Lord as the one who gave him his form and as the
    one to whom all creatures pray.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Humankind is described as nothing, built on empty wind, hovering in an abyss
    with void before and behind.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: The speaker repeatedly resolves to repent of wine but asks release from that
    promise while spring roses bloom.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The heart is told to feed on the Loved One's sweets, lose itself, find its
    Self, and drink from the Loved One's cup.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: A person is called a child of four elements and sevenfold heaven, and is told
    that once gone, neither hell nor heaven will send him back.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: The speaker accuses the divine addressee of setting snares, ruling the world
    irresistibly, and yet imputing sin.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: The wheel of heaven is addressed as thwarting desire, fouling water with earth,
    and turning air to fire.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: speaker
  description: The first-person poetic voice who drinks wine, repents, prays, argues
    with God, and addresses the heart and the wheel of heaven.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: bulbuls
  description: Birds doting on roses and complaining about breezes that rend their
    veils.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: cupbearer or boy
  description: A figure commanded to bring wine or fetch wine.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Lord / Thou
  description: The divine addressee who gives form, receives worship, takes away woe,
    gives weal, gives or takes away, sets snares, rules the world, and is asked for
    grace and pardon.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:11
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: humankind / men
  description: Human beings described as unenlightened, insubstantial, mortal, and
    subject to desire, error, and possible after-penalties.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: heart
  description: An addressed inner figure asked whether it can read a dark riddle and
    urged toward wine and the Loved One.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Loved One
  description: A beloved figure whose sweets feed the heart and whose cup causes loss
    of self and discovery of Self.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: wheel of heaven
  description: A personified cosmic wheel that thwarts desire, rends joy, fouls water,
    and turns air to fire.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: departed persons
  description: Those who have passed away and gone before, sleeping in delusion's
    dust.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: wine-seeker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The speaker repeatedly asks for wine, refuses to abandon wine, and returns
    to tavern imagery.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: role:2
  label: penitent sinner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The speaker confesses wrongdoing, failed duties, and asks for grace and pardon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
- id: role:3
  label: questioner of fate and doctrine
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The speaker questions old age, afterlife, divine agency, philosophical study,
    and the wheel of heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:4
  label: lover of roses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The bulbuls are said to dote on roses and complain about the breezes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: wine-bringer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The cupbearer or boy is commanded to bring the wine-cup or fetch wine.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: role:6
  label: creator and giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The Lord is addressed as giving the speaker his form and as giving or taking
    away weal and woe.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: judge or pardoner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The divine addressee is connected with grace, mercy, sin, pardon, and imputing
    sin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
- id: role:8
  label: mortal transient beings
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Human beings are described as nothing between voids and as unable to return
    once gone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: role:9
  label: inner addressee
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The heart is directly addressed and instructed about riddles, wine, heaven,
    and the Loved One.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:10
  label: beloved source of self-loss
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The Loved One's sweets and cup cause the heart to lose itself and find its
    Self.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:11
  label: cosmic adversary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The wheel of heaven is said to thwart desire and corrupt water and air.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: role:12
  label: dead predecessors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Those gone before are described as sleeping in delusion's dust.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: rose
  literal_form: rose or roses in bloom
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: bulbul and rose pairing
  literal_form: bulbuls doting on roses
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: wine-cup
  literal_form: wine-cup brought by the cupbearer
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: entangling chain
  literal_form: a pleasing chain that tangles wise men and fools in its coils
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: void and abyss
  literal_form: abyss, void before, void behind
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: spring bloom
  literal_form: spring with roses in bloom
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: Loved One's cup
  literal_form: the entrancing cup of the Loved One
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:8
  label: four elements and sevenfold heaven
  literal_form: four elements and sevenfold heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:9
  label: wheel of heaven
  literal_form: personified wheel of heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: sym:10
  label: water fouled with earth
  literal_form: water that is drunk, fouled with earth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: sym:11
  label: air turned to fire
  literal_form: air breathed, turned to fire
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: rose garden recurrence
  summary: Birds devoted to roses complain, and the speaker proposes sitting under
    a rose that has fallen to earth and risen from earth again.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: cupbearer and entangling wine
  summary: The speaker asks the cupbearer to bring the wine-cup and an alluring chain
    that entangles both wise and foolish people.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: self-reproach and divine grace
  summary: The speaker laments sins and undone duties, while hope is placed in divine
    grace rather than merit.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: creation and worship of the Lord
  summary: The speaker addresses the Lord as maker of his form and as the one worshiped
    by all creatures, who may give or take away.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: human nothingness between voids
  summary: Humankind is addressed as insubstantial, hovering in an abyss with void
    before and behind.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:6
  label: spring postpones repentance
  summary: The speaker says he resolves to repent of wine, but asks to be released
    from the promise while spring roses are blooming.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:7
  label: rejection of dogma before death
  summary: The speaker urges wine over philosophy and dogma, referring to death, the
    departed, and the uncertainty of heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:8
  label: self-loss in the Loved One
  summary: The heart is told that feeding on the Loved One and drinking the Loved
    One's cup leads to losing itself and finding its Self.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:9
  label: no return after departure
  summary: A human being, described as made of four elements and under sevenfold heaven,
    is told that once gone neither hell nor heaven will send him back.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: scene:10
  label: complaint against cosmic rule
  summary: The speaker complains that divine rule sets snares and imputes sin, and
    that the wheel of heaven thwarts desire and corrupts water and air.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  - sym:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: rose as repeated fall and return
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  - seasonal_cycle
  basis: The rose has repeatedly sunk to earth and sprung from earth again, and later
    spring roses in bloom suspend repentance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage states botanical recurrence; any broader death-and-rebirth
    reading is suggested by imagery rather than explicitly doctrinal.
- id: motif:2
  label: wine as entanglement and spiritual intoxication
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Wine, the wine-cup, and the Loved One's cup recur as objects sought by the
    speaker and associated with escape from ordinary life and death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Some wine references are literal or antinomian in tone; the mystical reading
    is clearest only in the Loved One quatrain and editorial note.
- id: motif:3
  label: losing self to find Self in the Beloved
  taxonomy_refs:
  - annihilation_union
  - divine_beloved
  basis: The heart loses itself while feeding on the Loved One's sweets, finds its
    Self, and drinks the Loved One's entrancing cup; the note glosses this as dying
    to self to live in God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The Beloved is not named explicitly as God in the verse itself, though
    the note supplies a Sufi interpretation.
- id: motif:4
  label: grace, sin, and pardon beyond merit
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The speaker rests hope on free grace, contrasts merit and sin, and asks for
    grace and pardon despite being drunk with sins.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage also questions divine responsibility for sin, so the motif
    is not a simple orthodox judgment scene.
- id: motif:5
  label: vain wisdom and uncertain afterlife
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage calls philosophy vain, asks whether the dark riddle can be read,
    calls dogmas air and wind, and questions whether heaven will be gained.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a skeptical wisdom motif rather than a conventional praise of
    wisdom.
- id: motif:6
  label: human transience between voids
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Humans are described as nothing, hovering in an abyss with void before and
    behind, and as unable to return once gone from life.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: No specific afterlife journey map is described.
- id: motif:7
  label: cosmic adversary or hostile heaven
  taxonomy_refs:
  - duality
  basis: The wheel of heaven is personified as opposing the speaker's desire, tearing
    joy, fouling water, and turning air to fire.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not present a full dualistic cosmology; the motif is
    limited to personified complaint against heaven.
- id: motif:8
  label: divine agency and human culpability in tension
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The speaker says the divine addressee sets snares, rules the world irresistibly,
    and imputes sin when the speaker obeys; the note identifies Allah as the only
    real agent in a Sufi view.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a theological argument rather than a narrative motif with discrete
    mythic action.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The editor explicitly compares the quatrain dismissing dogma and wisdom to
    Ecclesiastes on the vanity of wisdom.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Ecclesiastes wisdom-as-vanity pattern
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is supplied by the editorial note, not argued in the
    verse itself; no historical contact claim is made.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The editor glosses the Loved One quatrain as the Sufi pattern of dying to
    self in order to live in God.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Sufi annihilation of self and union with God pattern
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The verse uses beloved and cup imagery; the explicit doctrinal identification
    comes from the note.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: quatrain 413
  quote_or_summary: Bulbuls dote on roses and complain of breezes; the speaker sits
    beneath a rose that has sunk to earth and sprung from earth again.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: quatrain 415
  quote_or_summary: The speaker asks what follows even if the world goes well and
    one lives a hundred or two hundred years of bliss.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: quatrain 416 and note
  quote_or_summary: Cypress and lily are called free; the lily has many tongues but
    keeps silence, and the cypress has many hands that take no bribe. The note identifies
    tongues with stamens and hands with branches.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: quatrain 417
  quote_or_summary: The speaker commands the cupbearer to bring the wine-cup and an
    attractive chain that entangles wise men and fools.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: quatrains 418-420 and note to 418
  quote_or_summary: The speaker laments wasted life, forbidden acts, omitted duties,
    and wrongdoing; another quatrain rests hope on divine free grace rather than merit.
    The note calls such self-reproach characteristic of Khayyam amid antinomian utterances.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: quatrains 421-422
  quote_or_summary: The speaker tells the Lord that He gave the speaker his form and
    is worshiped by all creatures, taking woe away and giving weal, or giving and
    taking as He pleases.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: quatrain 424 and note
  quote_or_summary: Humankind is described as nothing, built on empty wind, hovering
    in an abyss, with void before and behind. The note names existence between non-existences
    as Takwin.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: quatrains 425-428 and note to 428
  quote_or_summary: The speaker repeatedly vows repentance from wine but asks release
    while spring roses bloom; he urges wine over philosophy, asks if heaven is certain,
    says the departed sleep in delusion's dust, and calls dogmas air and wind. The
    note compares Ecclesiastes on vanity of wisdom.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: quatrain 429 and note
  quote_or_summary: The heart is told that feeding on the Loved One's sweets makes
    it lose itself and find its Self, and that drinking His cup hastens escape from
    quick and dead. The note glosses this as dying to self to live in God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: quatrain 431
  quote_or_summary: A human is called child of four elements and sevenfold heaven;
    once gone, neither hell nor heaven will send him back.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: quatrains 432-433 and note to 432
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says the divine addressee sets snares and threatens
    death, rules the world irresistibly, and imputes sin; another quatrain asks divine
    grace to sober and pardon. The note states that in the Sufi view Allah is the
    only real agent.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: quatrains 434-435
  quote_or_summary: The passage mentions fear of after-penalties, then addresses the
    wheel of heaven as thwarting desire, tearing joy, fouling drinking water with
    earth, and turning breathed air to fire.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The literal extraction is based on supplied quatrains and notes. Motif labels
    are cautious because the passage is an anthology sequence rather than a single
    continuous narrative, and many images may function both literally and mystically.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No taxonomy IDs beyond the supplied motif family and symbol lists were introduced. Rose, wine, chain, abyss, and wheel of heaven are retained as passage symbols without external taxonomy refs where unavailable.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg__l9902-l10130
  passage_sha256=2c789a561548f933305fbc28b7dae56ceb830391ccb76a6b4933e4ab8f40c825