Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg-l3552-l3652

batch.motif.sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg-l3552-l3652

---
record_id: batch.motif.sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg-l3552-l3652
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
passage_locator:
  label: XLIV. / XLVIII. / LVIII. / LXIII.; lines 3552-3652
  start: '3552'
  end: '3652'
  translation: The Sufistic Quatrains of Omar Khayyam
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage presents quatrains and notes on mortality, the non-return of
    the dead from the road beyond darkness, prophetic revelations as sleep-stories,
    the soul's search for the afterlife, and heaven and hell as inward states or reflections.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Threats of Hell and hopes of Paradise are contrasted with the certainty that
    present life passes away.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A flower that has bloomed is said to die forever, and a cited parallel says
    withered tulips will not bloom again.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Many people are said to have passed through a door of darkness before the
    speaker's generation.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: No one returns from the road beyond darkness to report about it, although
    the living must also travel it.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The editor states that the road-and-non-return image recurs in the ruba'iyat
    and cites parallel quatrains.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Devout and learned predecessors who burned as prophets are described as having
    told stories after waking from sleep and then returning to sleep.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: A cited Persian parallel says accomplished figures did not make a road out
    of the dark night but told a fable and went to sleep.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: The speaker sends his soul through the Invisible to learn about the afterlife.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The soul returns and says that it itself is Heaven and Hell.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:10
  text: A cited parallel says the soul searched beyond the heavens for Tablet and
    Pen, heaven, and hell, and was told they are within the self.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:11
  text: Heaven is described as a vision of fulfilled desire, and Hell as the shadow
    from a soul on fire cast onto darkness.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:12
  text: A cited parallel describes Hell as a spark from worries and Paradise as a
    tranquil moment.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:13
  text: The editor notes an influence from the Mantik ut-tair distich stating that
    heaven and hell are reflections of goodness and wrath.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: speaker
  description: First-person poetic speaker who reflects on life, death, heaven, hell,
    and sends his soul through the Invisible.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: my Soul
  description: The speaker's personified soul, sent through the Invisible, returning
    with an answer about Heaven and Hell.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: myriads before us
  description: Those who previously passed through the door of Darkness and do not
    return to report the road.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Devout and Learn'd
  description: Predecessors described as devout and learned, rising before the speaker's
    generation and burning as prophets.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Teacher
  description: In the cited parallel to O. 15, a teacher gives the judgment that Tablet
    and Pen, heaven, and hell are within the self.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: mortal contemplative speaker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The first-person voice reflects on passing life, afterlife uncertainty, and
    inward heaven and hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:2
  label: personified messenger-soul
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The soul is sent through the Invisible and returns with an answer.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:3
  label: non-returning dead or predecessors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They have passed through the door of Darkness and do not return to tell of
    the road.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: prophetic or learned predecessors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: They are called devout and learned, and as prophets, but their revelations
    are described as stories told between sleep and sleep.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: instructing teacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The Teacher explains that cosmic and afterlife objects are within the self.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Hell
  literal_form: Hell; threats of Hell; shadow from a soul on fire; spark from worries
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: sym:2
  label: Paradise or Heaven
  literal_form: Paradise; Hopes of Paradise; Heaven as fulfilled desire; Paradise
    as a tranquil moment
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: sym:3
  label: flower and tulips
  literal_form: Flower once blown; withered tulips
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: door of Darkness
  literal_form: door of Darkness
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: road beyond death
  literal_form: Road which all must travel; long road; road no traveller travels again
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: sleep
  literal_form: Sleep from which prophets awake and to which they return
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: Invisible
  literal_form: the Invisible through which the soul is sent
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: Tablet and Pen
  literal_form: Tablet and Pen searched for beyond the heavens and then located within
    the self
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:9
  label: fire
  literal_form: soul on fire; spark from worries
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: sym:10
  label: watercourse of tears
  literal_form: Jihun as a water-course worn by filtered tears
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Certainty of passing life and irreversible death
  summary: The speaker contrasts uncertain threats and hopes about Hell and Paradise
    with the certainty that life passes and the bloomed flower dies forever.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Road through the door of Darkness
  summary: The dead are described as having passed through a dark door and as unable
    to return to tell the living about the road that the living must also travel.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Prophetic revelations as sleep-stories
  summary: Devout and learned predecessors are said to have offered revelations that
    amount to stories or fables before returning to sleep, without making a road through
    dark night.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:4
  label: Soul sent through the Invisible
  summary: The speaker sends his soul into the Invisible to learn about the afterlife;
    the soul returns and identifies itself with Heaven and Hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:5
  label: Afterlife realities found within the self
  summary: A cited parallel has the soul seek Tablet and Pen, heaven, and hell beyond
    the heavens, but a Teacher says these are within the self.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:6
  label: Heaven and Hell as inward reflections
  summary: Heaven and Paradise are described as fulfilled desire or tranquil time,
    while Hell is associated with the shadow or spark of an inflamed or worried soul;
    a noted parallel calls heaven and hell reflections of goodness and wrath.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: life's transience and irreversible death
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The flower that has bloomed dies forever, and the cited tulips do not bloom
    again after withering.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: No rebirth element is present in this passage.
- id: motif:2
  label: non-return from the road of death
  taxonomy_refs:
  - afterlife_journey_map
  basis: The dead pass through a dark doorway onto a road from which none returns
    to tell the living, and the editor notes this as a recurring ruba'iyat image.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The route is described negatively as unknowable rather than mapped in
    detail.
- id: motif:3
  label: dark night without a road
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: The cited parallel says the learned have not made a road out of the dark
    night, but only told a fable and gone to sleep.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents this as skepticism about revelatory knowledge, not
    as a completed quest.
- id: motif:4
  label: soul-journey seeking afterlife knowledge
  taxonomy_refs:
  - afterlife_journey_map
  - mystical_quest
  basis: The speaker sends his soul through the Invisible to spell out some letter
    of the afterlife, and a parallel has the soul search beyond the heavens for Tablet
    and Pen, heaven, and hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The journey returns inward rather than producing an external geography
    of the afterlife.
- id: motif:5
  label: heaven and hell internalized within the self
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The soul answers that it itself is Heaven and Hell, and the parallel states
    that Tablet and Pen, heaven, and hell are within the self.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage frames the point as inward
    insight rather than formal doctrine.
- id: motif:6
  label: heaven and hell as reflections of inner states
  taxonomy_refs:
  - duality
  basis: Heaven is fulfilled desire or tranquility, while Hell is an inner shadow,
    spark, or reflection associated with fire, worry, wrath, and darkness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: The duality is psychological and metaphorical in the supplied passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage itself identifies the road from which no traveller returns as
    a recurring image within the ruba'iyat and cites parallel quatrains with the same
    image.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: recurring ruba'iyat image of the non-returning road
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is limited to parallels cited by the editor in the supplied
    passage.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage reports that FitzGerald's heaven-and-hell imagery was influenced
    by a Mantik ut-tair distich in which heaven and hell are reflections of inner
    moral states.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Mantik ut-tair distich 1866 on heaven and hell as reflections
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The claim of influence is the editor's statement in the passage; no
    independent historical argument is supplied here.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: LXIII, lines 3552-3652
  quote_or_summary: "“One thing at least is certain—This Life flies”; “The Flower
    that once has blown for ever dies.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: LXIII note, O. 35
  quote_or_summary: "“The tulips that are withered will never bloom again.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: LXIV, lines 3552-3652
  quote_or_summary: "“myriads who / Before us pass'd the door of Darkness through”;
    “Not one returns to tell us of the Road.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: LXIV editorial note and C. 36
  quote_or_summary: The editor says the image is constantly recurring; the cited C.
    36 describes a road from which no traveller travels again.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: LXIV editorial note and C. 270
  quote_or_summary: The cited C. 270 asks where any traveller on the long road has
    returned to tell the secret, and warns that one will not come back.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: LXV, lines 3552-3652
  quote_or_summary: The revelations of devout and learned prophetic predecessors are
    described as stories told after waking from sleep before returning to sleep.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: LXV note, C. 127
  quote_or_summary: The cited C. 127 says accomplished people became lights to others
    but did not make a road out of the dark night; they told a fable and went to sleep.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: LXVI, lines 3552-3652
  quote_or_summary: "“I sent my Soul through the Invisible”; the soul returned and
    answered, “I myself am Heav'n and Hell.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: LXVI note, O. 15
  quote_or_summary: In the cited O. 15, the soul searches beyond the heavens for the
    Tablet and Pen and for heaven and hell; the Teacher says they are within the self.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:10
  type: quote
  locator: LXVII, lines 3552-3652
  quote_or_summary: "“Heav'n” is “the Vision of fulfill'd Desire,” and Hell is “the
    Shadow from a Soul on fire” cast on darkness."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: LXVII note, O. 33
  quote_or_summary: The cited O. 33 describes the heavenly vault as a girdle from
    a weary body, Jihun as a watercourse of tears, Hell as a spark from worries, and
    Paradise as a tranquil moment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:12
  type: quote
  locator: LXVII note, Mantik ut-tair distich 1866
  quote_or_summary: 'The editor says FitzGerald was influenced by a distich: “Heaven
    and hell are reflections,” one of goodness and the other of wrath.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/sufistic-quatrains-omar-khayyam.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for evidence.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif labels are cautious
    because the passage is a poetic and editorial excerpt rather than a narrative
    myth.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  The supplied locator label mentions XLIV/XLVIII/LVIII/LXIII, while the passage text contains LXIII-LXVII; this discrepancy is preserved in the locator notes for review.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:sufi-omar-khayyam-sufistic-quatrains-gutenberg__l3552-l3652
  passage_sha256=8067b56e7b5359004e2062d5927db178b1e8db68c5cbbc9443098e87477d4429