Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l57286-l57377

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l57286-l57377

---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l57286-l57377
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
  label: Canto CXXIX. The Meeting With Bharat. / Canto CXXX. The Consecration. / APPENDIX.
    / CAREY AND MARSHMAN.; lines 57286-57377
  start: '57286'
  end: '57377'
  translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: In a Latin appendix passage, a ritual is prepared so King Dasaratha may
    obtain male offspring. The gods grant the request for four sons. The gods then
    complain to Brahman that Ravana, protected by a boon, oppresses gods, sages, worlds,
    and cosmic powers. Brahman notes that Ravana did not ask protection from humans.
    Vishnu arrives, and the gods ask him to divide himself fourfold and be born from
    Dasaratha's three wives in human form in order to kill Ravana. Vishnu agrees and
    promises to destroy Ravana and rule on earth in mortal dwellings.
  language: Latin
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A wise ritual specialist proposes and begins preparing another sacred, generative
    rite for the king to obtain male offspring, using Atharvanic chants.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Gods, blessed beings, sages, Brahman, Sthanu, Narayan, Indra, and a host of
    winds are present in connection with the king's horse sacrifice to receive their
    portions.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The seer petitions the gods on behalf of Dasaratha, who desires sons, asking
    that four sons be born to him and become famous through the three worlds.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The gods, led by Indra, say the request will be fulfilled and then vanish
    from sight.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The gods tell Brahman that Ravana, empowered by a boon, oppresses them, sages,
    genii, celestial musicians, titans, and mortals.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: 'The passage describes cosmic powers reacting fearfully to Ravana: the sun
    does not heat, the wind does not blow, fire does not burn, and the ocean becomes
    motionless when he is present.'
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Brahman states that Ravana asked not to be killed by divine or nonhuman classes
    of beings but did not mention humans, so he is vulnerable to death by a human.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Vishnu arrives bearing a conch, discus, and mace, wearing saffron-colored
    clothing, riding the bird of Vinata, and is greeted by the foremost gods.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The gods ask Vishnu to take birth as Dasaratha's sons through the king's three
    wives, dividing himself into four parts.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The gods ask Vishnu, in human nature, to kill Ravana, who is described as
    a grave pest of the world and invincible to the gods.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: Vishnu promises to remove fear, kill Ravana with his sons, grandsons, friends,
    ministers, relatives, and allies, and dwell among mortals ruling the earth for
    a long period.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Divine sages, celestial musicians, Rudras, and nymphs praise the slayer of
    Madhu with hymns.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Vibhândaci's son
  description: A modest, wise ritual officiant who prepares the rite for the king's
    desired offspring and petitions the gods.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Dasaratha
  description: A king who desires sons, has performed a horse sacrifice, and is the
    proposed mortal father for Vishnu's fourfold birth.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Assembled gods
  description: A collective of divine beings, including gods led by Indra, who receive
    sacrificial portions, grant the petition for sons, complain about Ravana, and
    ask Vishnu to act.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Brahman
  description: The world creator and boon-giver who granted Ravana protection and
    later identifies the human exception in the boon.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Ravana
  description: A giant tyrant empowered by a boon, described as oppressing gods, sages,
    worlds, and other beings, and vulnerable only through human agency.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Vishnu / Narayan / slayer of Madhu
  description: A divine protector who appears with weapons and mount, is petitioned
    by the gods, agrees to assume human form, divide himself fourfold, kill Ravana,
    and rule on earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Dasaratha's three wives
  description: Three wives of Dasaratha, compared in the passage to chastity, beauty,
    and fame, through whom Vishnu is asked to be born.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Kubera
  description: A figure said to have been driven from his seat by Ravana's force.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Divine sages, celestial musicians, Rudras, and nymphs
  description: Beings harmed or frightened by Ravana and later joined in praise of
    Vishnu.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: ritual officiant and intercessor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He prepares the procreative rite and petitions the gods for Dasaratha's sons.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: son-seeking king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Dasaratha is described as desiring sons and worshipping through sacrifice.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: divine petitioners and grantors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The gods grant the petition for sons and later petition Brahman and Vishnu
    about Ravana.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: creator and boon-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Brahman is called creator of the world and is said to have granted Ravana's
    protective boon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: boon-protected oppressor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Ravana is protected from many classes of beings and oppresses gods, sages,
    worlds, and mortals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: divine protector
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The gods call on Vishnu as defender of afflicted beings and ask for his protection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: incarnating demon-slayer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Vishnu is asked to assume human nature and promises to kill Ravana.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: royal parents of divine birth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  basis: Vishnu is asked to be born as the sons of Dasaratha through the king's three
    wives.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: afflicted and praising celestial beings
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Sages, celestial musicians, and nymphs are harmed by Ravana and later praise
    Vishnu.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: horse sacrifice
  literal_form: The king's great horse sacrifice where divine beings receive their
    portions.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: procreative rite for male offspring
  literal_form: A sacred rite, described as generative, performed with Atharvanic
    chants to obtain sons.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: four sons / fourfold division
  literal_form: The requested four sons and Vishnu's proposed division of himself
    into four parts.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: three worlds
  literal_form: The sons are to be famous through the three worlds, and Ravana is
    said to vex the three worlds.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: fire checked by Ravana
  literal_form: Fire does not burn where Ravana is present.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:6
  label: ocean stilled by Ravana
  literal_form: The ocean, girdled with moving waves, stands motionless when Ravana
    is seen.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:7
  label: human form
  literal_form: A human body or human nature assumed by Vishnu as the means to kill
    Ravana.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: sym:8
  label: Vishnu's weapons
  literal_form: Conch, discus, and mace carried in Vishnu's hands.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:9
  label: bird of Vinata mount
  literal_form: Vishnu rides on the back of the bird of Vinata, compared to the sun
    in a cloud.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Rite for Dasaratha's sons
  summary: The ritual officiant prepares a sacred procreative rite for Dasaratha,
    while divine beings are present in connection with the royal horse sacrifice.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Petition for four sons granted
  summary: The seer asks the assembled gods to grant Dasaratha four famous sons, and
    the gods agree before vanishing.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Gods complain of Ravana to Brahman
  summary: The gods tell Brahman that Ravana's boon has allowed him to oppress divine,
    semi-divine, and mortal beings and disturb cosmic order.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Brahman identifies the human vulnerability
  summary: Brahman explains that Ravana omitted humans from his requested protections
    and therefore can be killed by a human.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Vishnu is petitioned to incarnate
  summary: Vishnu appears with weapons and mount; the gods ask him to divide himself
    fourfold, be born through Dasaratha's wives, and kill Ravana in human form.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:6
  label: Vishnu's promise and praise
  summary: Vishnu promises to kill Ravana and his allies, dwell among mortals, and
    rule the earth; celestial beings praise him with hymns.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: sacrificial rite obtains royal sons
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_birth
  - miraculous_child
  basis: Dasaratha seeks sons through a sacred rite, the gods grant the petition,
    and the requested sons are connected to divine purpose.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage summarizes the preparation and petition rather than narrating
    the later birth itself.
- id: motif:2
  label: deity assumes human birth to defeat a protected enemy
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_birth
  - culture_hero
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The gods ask Vishnu to become Dasaratha's sons, assume human nature, and
    kill Ravana because Ravana is invulnerable to gods but not to humans.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the plan and promise, not the actual combat.
- id: motif:3
  label: boon with omitted vulnerability
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Brahman explains that Ravana's protective boon named many beings but omitted
    humans, making death by a human the only fatal means.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names this motif.
- id: motif:4
  label: oppressed cosmos petitions for deliverance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - chaos
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The gods report that Ravana harms the worlds and disrupts sun, wind, fire,
    and ocean, then seek a means for his destruction.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The cosmic disturbance is described as caused by fear of Ravana rather
    than as a full cosmogonic chaos episode.
- id: motif:5
  label: divine birth legitimates royal rule
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  - sacred_birth
  basis: Vishnu is to be born as Dasaratha's sons and promises to dwell among mortals
    ruling the earth after destroying Ravana.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not yet narrate coronation or dynastic succession, only
    the divine plan and promise.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 57286-57297
  quote_or_summary: A wise ritualist, Vibhândaci's son, proposes and prepares another
    sacred procreative rite with Atharvanic chants; divine beings have assembled at
    the king's great horse sacrifice to receive portions.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 57297-57304
  quote_or_summary: The seer petitions the gods for Dasaratha, asking that four sons
    famous through the three worlds be born to him; the gods led by Indra say the
    request is granted and vanish.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 57305-57324
  quote_or_summary: The gods tell Brahman that Ravana, empowered by Brahman's boon,
    oppresses gods, sages, genii, celestial musicians, titans, and mortals; cosmic
    powers are checked by fear of him, and Kubera has been displaced.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 57324-57331
  quote_or_summary: Brahman reflects and states that Ravana's boon protected him from
    Gandharvas, genii, gods, Danu beings, and giants, but Ravana contemptuously omitted
    humans; therefore he must be killed by a human.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 57331-57340
  quote_or_summary: Vishnu appears with conch, discus, and mace, in saffron clothing,
    riding the bird of Vinata; the gods praise him as defender of afflicted beings
    and ask his aid.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 57340-57353
  quote_or_summary: The gods explain that Dasaratha seeks offspring and ask Vishnu
    to become his sons through the king's three wives, dividing himself into four,
    and in human nature to kill Ravana, a grave pest of the world.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 57354-57367
  quote_or_summary: When Vishnu asks why he is needed, the gods say Ravana terrifies
    them and can be slain by no celestial other than Vishnu assuming a human body,
    because Brahman's boon excluded humans.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 57367-57375
  quote_or_summary: Vishnu tells the gods to abandon fear and promises, for their
    welfare, to kill Ravana with his descendants, friends, ministers, relatives, and
    allies, then remain in mortal dwellings ruling the earth for a long span; celestial
    beings praise him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:9
  type: quote
  locator: 57375-57377
  quote_or_summary: "“humanitate assumpta” is used in the closing exhortation that
    Vishnu destroy Ravana by assuming humanity."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short quote from supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is supplied in Latin, and extraction is based on its internal
    wording and names. Line subranges are approximate within the provided stable range.
    No external identifications beyond the passage wording were added.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the provided passage and metadata. Comparison claims were left empty because the passage does not itself make an explicit comparison to another text or tradition.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l57286-l57377
  passage_sha256=1eedc5e658780df98f83d05fa595f95be64b20e0fe8f7731f93d14f00395ac3c