batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l53515-l53681
---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l53515-l53681
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
label: Canto XLIII. The Single Combats. / Canto XLIV. The Night. / Canto L. The
Broken Spell. / Canto LX. Kumbhakarna Roused.; lines 53515-53681
start: '53515'
end: '53681'
translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'A royal war council in Lanka debates how to meet Rama. One warrior boasts
that he will kill Rama, Lakshman, Sugriva, and Hanuman. Mahodar rebukes this boast
and proposes a deception: if the warriors fail to kill Rama, they should return
bloodied, claim Rama and Lakshman are dead, and use the captive lady''s despair
to induce her compliance with Ravan. Kumbhakarna rejects this deceitful counsel,
promises to kill the foe, is praised and armed by Ravan, and marches out with
giant warriors. His roar frightens the Vanar hosts, and Angad calls named Vanar
leaders to stand firm.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: An unnamed younger speaker urges the king to cast off grief and promises to
kill Rama, Lakshman, Sugriva, and Hanuman in battle.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Mahodar rebukes the boasting speaker and describes Rama as a powerful enemy
who slew night-rovers at Janasthan.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Mahodar proposes proclaiming that four warriors with Kumbhakarna will go to
kill Rama, and, if they fail, returning wounded and claiming that the princes
have been devoured.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Mahodar's plan includes public celebration with gifts, garlands, banqueting,
and wine before Ravan approaches the captive lady when she is weakened by the
false report.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: Kumbhakarna rejects Mahodar's counsel as mean and misleading, and says he
will free Ravan from peril by killing the threatening foe.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Ravan praises Kumbhakarna as stronger, braver, and truer than his other giant
warriors, and tells him to go to battle with his trident.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: Kumbhakarna takes a black iron spear stained with gore, wears a jewelled chain,
garlands, bracelets, earrings, and mail, and walks out proudly.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: A large force of giant warriors follows Kumbhakarna with elephants, cars,
camels, steeds, and weapons including spear, axe, and sword.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Kumbhakarna passes through the city gate, roars so that the hills and sea-shore
of Lanka echo, and the Vanars flee in fear.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: Angad remains undaunted and calls Nala, Nila, Kumud, and Gavaksha to stop
fleeing and turn back.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: unnamed younger speaker
description: A younger speaker who tries to calm the king and promises to defeat
Rama's side.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Mahodar
description: A counsellor who opposes the boast and proposes a deceptive plan involving
a false report of Rama and Lakshman's deaths.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Ravan
description: The king addressed by Mahodar and Kumbhakarna; he praises and sends
Kumbhakarna to battle.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Kumbhakarna
description: A giant champion who rejects deceit, promises to kill the foe, arms
himself, and marches out with a giant host.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Rama / Raghu's son / Dasaratha's son
description: The chief enemy whom the speakers discuss killing or falsely claiming
to have killed; Mahodar describes him as a mighty warrior.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Lakshman
description: Rama's brother, named among those the first speaker says will be slain
and among the princes in Mahodar's false-death plan.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Sugriva
description: A fierce opponent whom the first speaker says will be left dyed with
gore.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Hanuman
description: Named as the spoiler of the city whom the first speaker says he will
strike down.
role_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: the captive lady
description: A woman held captive in Lanka who refuses Ravan's will and whom Mahodar
says should be approached after a false report makes her desolate.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Vanar hosts
description: The Vanar forces who see Kumbhakarna approach and flee in fear.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Angad, son of Bali
description: A royal Vanar who remains firm and calls others to stop fleeing.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Nala, Nila, Kumud, and Gavaksha
description: Vanar leaders called by Angad to halt and turn back.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
label: boasting warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The speaker promises to kill major opponents and even resist gods if they
fought against him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: deceptive counsellor
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Mahodar advises a staged false report of Rama and Lakshman's deaths to weaken
the captive lady's resistance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:3
label: king of Lanka
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Ravan is addressed as king and commands Kumbhakarna to ride to battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:4
label: giant champion
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Kumbhakarna is praised as strongest among Ravan's giant warriors and marches
armed into battle.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:5
label: targeted opposing princes
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:6
basis: Rama and Lakshman are targets of killing threats and of Mahodar's proposed
false death report.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: role:6
label: captive beloved under coercive pressure
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Mahodar calls her captive, says she refuses Ravan, and proposes wooing her
after she believes the princes are dead.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:7
label: fearful allied host
assigned_to:
- fig:10
- fig:12
basis: The Vanars flee at Kumbhakarna's approach, and named leaders are urged to
stop running.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: role:8
label: rallying warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: Angad remains undaunted and shouts to the fleeing Vanars to turn back.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: deadly snake
literal_form: Mahodar compares confronting Rama to breaking the slumber of a deadly
snake.
associated_figures:
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs:
- serpent
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: blood-stained weapons and armor
literal_form: Mahodar imagines warriors returning with armor stained by gore and
arrows marked with Rama's name; Kumbhakarna's black iron spear bears spots of
victims' gore.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:7
- id: sym:3
label: war roar echoed by landscape
literal_form: Kumbhakarna's raised voice is echoed by the hills and sea-shore of
Lanka.
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:4
label: trident and spear
literal_form: Ravan tells Kumbhakarna to wield his trident; Kumbhakarna grasps a
black iron spear before marching out.
associated_figures:
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Boast and rebuke in the war council
summary: A younger speaker boasts of killing Rama's allies, and Mahodar rebukes
the boast by stressing Rama's proven power.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Mahodar's false-death scheme
summary: Mahodar proposes that, if Rama survives, the warriors should return bloodied
and falsely announce that Rama and Lakshman are dead, so that Ravan may approach
the captive lady in her despair.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:3
label: Kumbhakarna armed for battle
summary: Kumbhakarna rejects Mahodar's counsel, receives Ravan's praise, arms and
adorns himself, and marches from the hall followed by giant warriors.
figure_refs:
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: scene:4
label: Kumbhakarna's sally and Angad's rally
summary: Kumbhakarna passes the city gate and roars, frightening the Vanars into
flight; Angad stays firm and calls named Vanar leaders to turn back.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: false report of beloved heroes' deaths to coerce a captive woman
taxonomy_refs:
- stolen_beloved
- trickster_boundary
basis: Mahodar proposes falsely announcing that Rama and Lakshman are dead and then
approaching the captive lady when she feels widowed, forlorn, and dependent on
Ravan.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents the plan as counsel; it does not show the deception
being carried out in this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
label: giant champion rejects trickery and goes to single combat
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Kumbhakarna scorns Mahodar's deceptive plan, promises to kill the foe directly,
arms himself, and goes out with a war host.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The excerpt ends before the actual combat occurs.
- id: motif:3
label: terrifying warrior whose approach scatters an army
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Kumbhakarna's approach and roar frighten the Vanar hosts into flight, requiring
Angad to rally them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- ev:10
confidence: high
cautions: The passage gives the fear response but not the subsequent battle outcome.
- id: motif:4
label: dangerous hero likened to a sleeping serpent
taxonomy_refs:
- serpent
basis: Mahodar warns against challenging Rama by comparing the act to disturbing
a deadly snake's slumber.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a simile within a speech rather than an independent serpent episode.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: Mahodar's proposed deception is functionally comparable to a stolen-beloved
pattern combined with trickster-like boundary crossing, because a captive woman
is to be manipulated through a false death report concerning the heroes linked
to her hope.
claim_level: same_function
target: stolen_beloved and trickster_boundary motif families
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
counter_evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
limitations: The passage itself contains only the proposed scheme and Kumbhakarna's
rejection of it; it does not show the captive lady's response or the execution
of the trick.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 53515-53547
quote_or_summary: A younger speaker tells the king to cast off grief and anger and
promises that Rama, Lakshman, Sugriva, and Hanuman will be slain, even if gods
led the opposing forces.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 53551-53577
quote_or_summary: Mahodar rebukes the boast, cites Rama's destruction of night-rovers
at Janasthan, calls him terrible as Death, and compares challenging him to waking
a deadly snake.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 53578-53602
quote_or_summary: Mahodar advises proclaiming that four famed warriors with Kumbhakarna
will kill Rama; if they fail, they should return bloodied, display arrows marked
with Rama's name, and say the princes were devoured.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 53603-53620
quote_or_summary: Mahodar proposes celebrating the false news with gifts, garlands,
feasting, and wine, then approaching the captive lady when she feels widowed,
desolate, far from home and friends, and dependent on Ravan.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 53624-53638
quote_or_summary: Kumbhakarna spurns Mahodar's counsel, says he will free Ravan
from peril and slay the threatening foe, and condemns counsellors who mislead
a king with mean arts.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 53639-53655
quote_or_summary: Ravan laughs, says Mahodar fears battle, praises Kumbhakarna as
unmatched among giant warriors, and orders him to ride to battle wielding his
trident.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 53656-53672
quote_or_summary: Kumbhakarna leaves the hall, grasps a black iron spear stained
with gore, and is adorned with Ravan's jewelled chain, garlands, bracelets, earrings,
gold, and mail.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 53673-53681
quote_or_summary: A mighty throng of tall giant warriors follows Kumbhakarna with
elephants, cars, camels, steeds, and weapons including spear, axe, and sword.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 53682-53693
quote_or_summary: Kumbhakarna passes the city gate, roars so that Lanka's hills
and shore echo, and the Vanars flee in fear when they see him approach.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 53694-53706
quote_or_summary: Angad, son of Bali, sees the Vanars run, remains undaunted, and
calls Nala, Nila, Kumud, and Gavaksha to halt and turn back rather than shame
their order.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Some locator line ranges
for the final sally scene extend beyond the supplied end label because the passage
text continues past the stated line endpoint; the supplied text itself was used.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No external text or taxonomy beyond the provided metadata was used.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l53515-l53681
passage_sha256=145d23ecfae78ded702b883458508d07c51821f914b73885e68e7794ff86f15b