batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l52581-l52761
---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l52581-l52761
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
label: Canto XLII. The Sally. / Canto XLIII. The Single Combats. / Canto XLIV. The
Night. / Canto L. The Broken Spell.; lines 52581-52761
start: '52581'
end: '52761'
translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: Rávaṇ hears the renewed shouts of the Vánars and sends envoys, who report
that Ráma and his brother have been released from serpent bonds. Rávaṇ fears the
failure of the divine spell and orders Dhúmráksha to attack. In battle the Vánars
fight the giants with trees and stones while the giants use arrows and weapons.
Hanúmán destroys Dhúmráksha’s car with a rock and kills him by crushing him with
a mountain peak. Rávaṇ then sends Vajradanshṭra, whose march is accompanied by
ill omens, and Angad begins to rout the giants with a tree.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Rávaṇ hears loud joyous war cries from the Vánars and interprets them as a
sign of new confidence.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Envoys climb the wall and see the Vánars formed under Sugríva, with Ráma and
his brother released from their bonds.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Rávaṇ describes the former bonds as binding snakes with venomous clasp and
says the spell had been bestowed by a god and had never failed before.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Rávaṇ commands Dhúmráksha to lead warriors against Ráma and the Vánars.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: Dhúmráksha’s forces go to battle with swords, spears, maces, elephants, cars,
and steeds.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: The Vánars attack with trees, jagged stones, and rocks, while the giants answer
with arrows, swords, pikes, and battle-axes.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: Dhúmráksha’s arrows make the Vánar legions flee.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:8
text: Hanúmán hurls a mighty rock at Dhúmráksha’s advancing car, and the giant leaps
away before the car is crushed.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:9
text: Dhúmráksha strikes Hanúmán on the face with a mace, and Hanúmán kills him
by bringing a rock or mountain peak down on his head.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:10
text: Before Vajradanshṭra’s army reaches the field, meteors fall, ill-omened birds
and beasts appear, and many giants slip and fall.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:11
text: Angad charges with a tree raised above his head and fells many giants, warriors,
steeds, and cars.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Rávaṇ
description: The giant king or tyrant who hears reports, fears the broken spell,
and sends captains into battle.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:5
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Ráma
description: One of the brothers formerly bound by arrowy chains or binding snakes
and later reported released.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Ráma’s brother
description: Ráma’s brother, also formerly bound and later reported released.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Sugríva
description: Leader seen at the head of the formed Vánars.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Vánars
description: The army that shouts in renewed confidence and fights with trees, stones,
and rocks.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Dhúmráksha
description: A giant captain sent by Rávaṇ; he fights fiercely and is killed by
Hanúmán.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Giants
description: Rávaṇ’s warriors, including legions armed with swords, spears, maces,
bows, and other weapons.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Hanúmán
description: A Vánar warrior who hurls a rock, raises a mountain peak, and kills
Dhúmráksha.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Vajradanshṭra
description: A fierce captain sent by Rávaṇ after Dhúmráksha’s death; he sallies
with troops in warlike array.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Angad
description: A warrior who charges the giants while waving a tree above his head.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Envoys
description: Fleet giants sent to learn the reason for the Vánars’ renewed cries.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
roles:
- id: role:1
label: giant king and battlefield commander
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: He receives reports and orders captains to attack Ráma and the Vánars.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:5
- id: role:2
label: released bound hero
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:3
basis: The passage reports that both brothers were released from bonds described
as binding snakes.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:3
label: Vánar leader
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Sugríva is seen at the head of the Vánars.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:4
label: animal-warrior army
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The Vánars shout, assemble for battle, and fight with trees, stones, and
rocks.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: role:5
label: giant captain sent to battle
assigned_to:
- fig:6
- fig:9
basis: Rávaṇ sends each captain forth with troops against the opposing army.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:6
label: giant army
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: The giants fight the Vánars with arrows, swords, spears, and other weapons.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:7
label: heroic slayer in single combat
assigned_to:
- fig:8
- fig:10
basis: Hanúmán kills Dhúmráksha; Angad charges and fells many giants.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:7
- id: role:8
label: scout or messenger
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: They are sent to inspect the battlefield and return with tidings.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: binding snakes
literal_form: Snakes that bind head and limb with a venomous clasp, associated with
a spell formerly holding Ráma and his brother.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- serpent
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: trees as weapons
literal_form: Trees and branchy trees wielded by Vánars and by Angad in battle.
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:7
- id: sym:3
label: rock and mountain peak as weapons
literal_form: A mighty rock and a mountain’s rocky peak raised and hurled by Hanúmán.
associated_figures:
- fig:8
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: ill omens before battle
literal_form: Falling meteors, ill-omened birds and beasts, and giants slipping
before reaching the field.
associated_figures:
- fig:7
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:5
label: war banners and vehicles
literal_form: Banners, cars, elephants, camels, steeds, and chariots accompanying
the giant armies.
associated_figures:
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Rávaṇ investigates the Vánars’ renewed shouts
summary: Rávaṇ hears the Vánars roaring, suspects a change in the battle, and sends
envoys who report that Ráma and his brother are free and Sugríva leads the Vánars.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:11
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Rávaṇ responds to the broken serpent spell
summary: Rávaṇ fears the failure of the god-given binding snake spell and orders
Dhúmráksha to attack Ráma and the Vánars.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Dhúmráksha’s battle with the Vánars
summary: Dhúmráksha leads armed giants into battle; the Vánars fight with trees
and stones while the giants use arrows and other weapons, causing heavy losses
on both sides.
figure_refs:
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Hanúmán kills Dhúmráksha
summary: Hanúmán destroys Dhúmráksha’s chariot with a rock, endures a mace blow,
and kills the giant by crushing him with a rocky mass.
figure_refs:
- fig:6
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:5
label: Vajradanshṭra’s ominous sally
summary: After hearing of Dhúmráksha’s death, Rávaṇ sends Vajradanshṭra with troops;
their march is marked by meteors, ill-omened animals, and stumbling giants.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: scene:6
label: Angad’s charge
summary: Angad rushes into the giant ranks with a tree and fells many opponents
and vehicles.
figure_refs:
- fig:7
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: release from serpent binding spell
taxonomy_refs:
- serpent
basis: Ráma and his brother are reported freed from bonds later described by Rávaṇ
as venomous binding snakes produced by a god-given spell.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: The passage summarizes the release after it has occurred; it does not
narrate the actual act of release.
- id: motif:2
label: failed invincible spell
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Rávaṇ says the spell had never failed before and fears that giant strength
may be useless if such arts fail.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage reports Rávaṇ’s reaction and does not explain the spell’s
mechanism or defeat.
- id: motif:3
label: hero kills giant captain with mountain-like missile
taxonomy_refs:
- mountain
basis: Hanúmán raises a mountain’s rocky peak and crushes Dhúmráksha after destroying
his chariot with a rock.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: The taxonomy reference is to the literal mountain imagery, not to a broader
cosmic-mountain motif.
- id: motif:4
label: ill omens before doomed battle
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Vajradanshṭra’s march is preceded by falling meteors, ill-omened birds and
beasts, and giants falling before the battlefield.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The passage shown does not yet narrate Vajradanshṭra’s death, though the
canto heading announces it.
- id: motif:5
label: forest beings wield trees and stones in war
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
basis: The Vánars repeatedly use trees, branchy trees, jagged stones, and rocks
as weapons against armed giants.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: This is a passage-level martial pattern rather than a named taxonomy motif.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 52581-52607
quote_or_summary: Rávaṇ hears the Vánars’ thunderous cries, sends envoys, and they
return reporting that the Vánars are formed under Sugríva and that Ráma and his
brother have been released from their bonds.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 52608-52627
quote_or_summary: Rávaṇ reacts with fear and rage, describing the brothers as freed
from venomous binding snakes made by a god-given spell that had never failed,
then commands Dhúmráksha to attack and slay Ráma and the Vánars.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 52628-52682
quote_or_summary: Dhúmráksha gathers armed legions and enters battle. The Vánars
fight with trees, stones, and rocks, while the giants use arrows, swords, pikes,
and axes; many on both sides fall, and Dhúmráksha drives the Vánars back with
arrows.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 52683-52707
quote_or_summary: Hanúmán hurls a rock at Dhúmráksha’s car, raises a mountain peak,
is struck in the face by the giant’s mace, and kills Dhúmráksha by crushing his
head and limbs.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 52708-52717
quote_or_summary: Rávaṇ hears the mournful news, becomes angry, and orders Vajradanshṭra
to lead giants and slay the sons of Raghu and Sugríva.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 52718-52745
quote_or_summary: Vajradanshṭra marches out with troops, armor, banners, cars, camels,
steeds, and weapons; meteors fall, ill-omened birds and beasts appear, and many
giants slip before reaching the field.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 52746-52761
quote_or_summary: The armies meet in fierce battle. Angad, with red eyes and a tree
raised above his head, charges the giants and leaves the earth strewn with warriors,
steeds, and cars.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: high
notes: The passage is explicit about figures, actions, serpent bonds, portents,
and battles. Motif labels beyond the literal serpent-binding and omen patterns
require human review. No comparison claims were made because the passage itself
does not compare traditions or motif families.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Canto numbering in the supplied label differs from headings present in the passage text; the source locator was preserved as supplied.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l52581-l52761
passage_sha256=ac1cbc9e3e95103d4ada4ed5be97da160364f9109d05c935e54a591c209069a4