Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l48588-l48746

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l48588-l48746

---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l48588-l48746
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
  label: Canto LVIII. The Feast Of Honey. / Canto LXV. The Tidings. / BOOK VI.(895)
    / Canto IV. The March.; lines 48588-48746
  start: '48588'
  end: '48746'
  translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: After Hanumán has entered and burned Lanká, Rávan addresses his lords about
    danger and counsel. His counsellors dismiss fear, recall Rávan’s past victories
    over divine, serpent, and other powerful beings, and urge reliance on Indrajít
    and other Rákshas champions. Prahasta and Durmukh offer to attack the Vánars and
    protect the city; Vajradanshṭra is introduced brandishing a bloody spiked mace.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The giant king surveys his ruined city and addresses his lords.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Hanumán is described as a Vánar spy who entered Lanká, evaded the watch, saw
    the captive queen, set the royal roof aflame, killed leading lords, and left the
    city desolate.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Rávan distinguishes better and worse forms of royal decision-making and asks
    his lords to deliberate and advise him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Rávan says that Ráma is approaching with thousands of wild allies and may
    lead his troops across the flood or drain the sea channels.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The counsellors urge Rávan not to fear and cite his past victories over Serpent-Gods,
    Mount Kailása, Kuvera and Yakshas, serpents in hell, Varuṇ’s sons, Yáma, and a
    warrior tribe.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: obs:6
  text: The counsellors say that Indrajít, Rávan’s son, can win the battle if Rávan
    permits him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:7
  text: Prahasta says Hanumán succeeded by disguise and surprise, and offers to sweep
    the Vánars from the land and devise guards against surprise.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:8
  text: Durmukh vows to punish the disgrace of the burning city and to drive the Vánars
    away.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:9
  text: Vajradanshṭra is introduced brandishing a spiked mace stained with gore.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Rávan
  description: The giant king of Lanká, whose city has been burned and who convenes
    counsel among his lords.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Hanumán
  description: The Wind-God’s son and Vánar spy who entered Lanká, saw the captive
    queen, burned buildings, killed lords, and escaped.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: The captive queen
  description: A queen held captive in Lanká and seen by Hanumán.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Ráma
  description: A vengeful leader approaching Lanká with thousands of wild allies.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Rávan’s lords and counsellors
  description: The assembled lords who answer Rávan, encourage him, and recall his
    former conquests.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Indrajít
  description: Rávan’s matchless son, proposed as the one who can win the fight.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Prahasta
  description: A dark, dreadful Rákshas speaker who offers to destroy the Vánars and
    guard the city.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Durmukh
  description: A Rákshas speaker who calls for retaliation and vows to drive the Vánars
    away.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Vajradanshṭra
  description: A furious figure introduced while brandishing a gore-stained spiked
    mace.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Serpent-Gods, Vásuki, Śankha, and Takshak
  description: Serpent beings listed among those previously overcome by Rávan.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Kuvera and Yakshas
  description: Kuvera and his Yaksha crew are said to have been overthrown by Rávan
    at Mount Kailása or a mountain citadel.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Maya and Maya’s daughter
  description: Maya is said to have come to Rávan as a suppliant and won him with
    his daughter’s hand.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Yáma
  description: The king with a murdering mace, said to have been encountered and defeated
    by Rávan.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: giant king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage identifies the speaker surveying Lanká as the giant king.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: crisis ruler seeking counsel
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Rávan analyzes kinds of counsel and asks his lords to advise him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: enemy spy and city-burner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Hanumán is called the Vánar spy who entered Lanká, saw the queen, burned
    the roof, and left the city desolate.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: captive queen
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage says Hanumán saw the captive queen.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: approaching avenger and army leader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Ráma is described as vengeful and approaching with thousands of allies to
    cross or overcome the sea.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: royal counsellors
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: They are asked to consult and respond to Rávan with advice and encouragement.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: champion son
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Indrajít is called Rávan’s matchless son and proposed as the one who can
    win the fight.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: Rákshas war speaker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: Prahasta and Durmukh speak as Rákshas champions offering attack or defense;
    Vajradanshṭra is introduced armed and furious.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: role:9
  label: former defeated opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:13
  basis: The counsellors list these beings among those overcome by Rávan in earlier
    victories.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: marriage-alliance figures
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Maya is said to have come as a suppliant and to have given his daughter’s
    hand to Rávan.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: burning city and royal roof
  literal_form: flames on Rávan’s royal roof and Lanká laid in ruin
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:9
- id: sym:2
  label: sea as obstacle to invasion
  literal_form: flood, conquered main, and sea channels that Ráma’s troops may cross
    or drain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: serpent beings
  literal_form: Serpent-Gods, Vásuki, Śankha, and Takshak
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: Mount Kailása and mountain citadel
  literal_form: Mount Kailása and a mountain citadel associated with Kuvera and the
    Yakshas
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: magic car
  literal_form: a marvel of a magic car brought from afar after Kuvera’s servants
    fell
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: murdering mace and spiked mace
  literal_form: Yáma’s murdering mace and Vajradanshṭra’s gore-stained spiked mace
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Rávan’s crisis council after Hanumán’s raid
  summary: Rávan observes ruined Lanká, recounts Hanumán’s infiltration and destruction,
    explains the importance of counsel, and asks his lords for advice.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:2
  label: Impending approach across the sea
  summary: Rávan warns that vengeful Ráma is coming with thousands of allies and may
    bring troops across the flood or drain the sea.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Counsellors encourage Rávan by recalling past victories
  summary: The counsellors dismiss fear and list Rávan’s former conquests over serpent
    beings, mountain powers, divine or semi-divine opponents, and warrior hosts.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Indrajít proposed as champion
  summary: The counsellors urge Rávan to remain at home and allow Indrajít to win
    the fight.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Rákshas champions offer retaliation
  summary: Prahasta offers to destroy the Vánars and guard against surprise; Durmukh
    vows to drive them away; Vajradanshṭra is introduced armed with a bloody spiked
    mace.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: royal counsel in crisis
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Rávan explicitly ranks types of rulers and counsel, then asks his lords to
    deliberate on the peril before them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is expressed as political instruction and deliberation, not
    as an independent wisdom tale.
- id: motif:2
  label: captive queen as cause of approaching conflict
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: Hanumán has seen the captive queen, and Rávan immediately warns that vengeful
    Ráma is approaching with allies.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This passage names her only as the captive queen and does not narrate
    the original abduction or any rescue.
- id: motif:3
  label: sea crossing or sea-draining invasion
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Rávan predicts that Ráma will lead troops across the flood or drain the channels
    of the sea.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents this as a forecast or fear, not as an action already
    completed within the excerpt.
- id: motif:4
  label: conquest of serpent powers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: Rávan’s counsellors recall that he slew Serpent-Gods and forced Vásuki, Śankha,
    and Takshak to acknowledge his might.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives a boastful retrospective list rather than a full serpent-combat
    episode.
- id: motif:5
  label: storming the sacred mountain stronghold
  taxonomy_refs:
  - cosmic_mountain
  basis: Rávan is praised for scaling Mount Kailása and overthrowing Kuvera and the
    Yaksha crew in a mountain citadel.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Only Mount Kailása is named; the passage does not elaborate its cosmological
    role.
- id: motif:6
  label: defeat of the death-king
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The counsellors say Rávan encountered and defeated Yáma, the dread king with
    a murdering mace, amid death, woe, and torment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a retrospective boast embedded in counsel, not the full narrative
    of an underworld or death encounter.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 48588-48594
  quote_or_summary: The giant king surveys his glorious town laid in ruin by Hanumán,
    the Wind-God’s son, and addresses his lords in shame and anger.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 48595-48604
  quote_or_summary: "“The Vánar spy has passed the gate / Of Lanká long inviolate
    ... seen / With his bold eyes the captive queen”; Rávan adds that his roof is
    aflame, lords are dead, and the city is desolate."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation and summary.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 48605-48642
  quote_or_summary: Rávan explains that victory springs from counsel, ranks rulers
    who seek counsel above those who plan alone or act rashly, distinguishes good
    and bad deliberation, and asks the lords to consult.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 48643-48648
  quote_or_summary: "“With thousands of his wild allies / The vengeful Ráma hither
    hies”; Rávan says Ráma may lead troops across the flood or drain the sea channels."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation and summary.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 48651-48674
  quote_or_summary: The lords dismiss Rávan’s fear, describe his army, and recall
    his victories over the Serpent-Gods, Mount Kailása, Kuvera and Yakshas, his taking
    of the magic car, and Maya’s marriage alliance through his daughter.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 48675-48706
  quote_or_summary: The lords recall Rávan’s victories over Vásuki, Śankha, Takshak,
    Varuṇ’s sons, Yáma with his mace, and a powerful warrior tribe.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: lines 48707-48714
  quote_or_summary: "“But let the easy fight be won / By Indrajít thy matchless son.
    / All, all shall die, if thou permit, / Slain by the hand of Indrajít.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 48717-48734
  quote_or_summary: Prahasta says divine and cosmic hosts have yielded to Rávan, claims
    Hanumán came disguised and surprised them, and offers to sweep the Vánars away
    and guard the city.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 48735-48743
  quote_or_summary: Durmukh says the disgrace has lasted too long, recalls that Hanumán
    burned the city and entered the women’s chambers, and vows to attack and drive
    away the Vánars.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: quote
  locator: lines 48744-48746
  quote_or_summary: Vajradanshṭra is introduced “brandishing the mace he bore, / Whose
    horrid spikes were stained with gore.”
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is strong for named figures, speeches, and objects. Motif
    assignment is cautious because many mythic episodes are mentioned only as retrospective
    boasts, not narrated in full. No comparison claims were added because the passage
    does not itself make an explicit cross-textual comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. Names and descriptions follow the passage wording where possible.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l48588-l48746
  passage_sha256=1497613fd0f51a1f987093245c6ef379d005c691c7f7cbcb7dbb5052d577b978