Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l39591-l39757

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l39591-l39757

---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l39591-l39757
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
  label: Canto VI. The Tokens. / Canto XI. Dundubhi. / Canto XII. The Palm Trees.
    / Canto XIV. The Challenge.; lines 39591-39757
  start: '39591'
  end: '39757'
  translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A wounded speaker accuses Ráma of striking him secretly while he fought
    Sugríva, contrasts Ráma's royal and ascetic reputation with the deed, invokes
    rules of kingship and sin, recalls Tárá's ignored counsel, accepts the role of
    fate, and says he could have rescued the Maithil lady and bound Rávaṇ if Ráma
    had sought his help openly.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The speaker says Ráma's hidden hand struck him down while he was fighting
    his foe.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The speaker contrasts Ráma's praised royal virtues with an accusation that
    he wears virtue's badge while acting with guile.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The speaker says he lives harmlessly in the woods on forest fruits, roots,
    and branch-borne fruit.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The speaker states that he had not wronged Ráma in word or deed, yet bleeds
    from Ráma's dart.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The speaker lists kinds of sinners who must fall to hell.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The speaker says Tárá reasoned well, but he ignored her counsel and rushed
    to meet his fate.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: The speaker likens Ráma's attack to an elephant in a storm of passion breaking
    the restraint of law and trampling him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: The speaker says he was struck by a hand he could not see and compares this
    to a snake biting a sleeping man.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The speaker says Ráma has killed Sugríva's foe and fulfilled Sugríva's desire.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: The speaker claims that, if asked first, he would have restored the Maithil
    lady, bound Rávaṇ with a chain, and laid him at Ráma's feet.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: The speaker says it is right that Sugríva reign when the speaker's spirit
    departs, but unjust that he should lie slain by Ráma's treacherous hand.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Ráma
  description: Addressed as a king of Raghu's line, wearing devotee's raiment, accused
    of secretly shooting the speaker with a deadly dart.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: wounded speaker / Sugríva's foeman
  description: The speaker is struck down while fighting Sugríva, accuses Ráma, recalls
    Tárá's counsel, and says his spirit will depart.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Sugríva
  description: Named as the speaker's opponent and the one whose desire is fulfilled
    by Ráma's killing of the speaker.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Tárá
  description: The speaker says Tárá reasoned well and gave counsel that he ignored.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Maithil lady
  description: Described as the lady whom the speaker says he could have restored
    to her lord.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Rávaṇ
  description: Named as the one whom the speaker says he could have bound with a chain
    and placed at Ráma's feet.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Daśaratha
  description: Named by the speaker as the noble king whose begetting of Ráma is questioned
    rhetorically.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Raghu
  description: Named as the ancestor from whom Ráma's long descent comes.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Yáma
  description: Named as the lord of the hall to which the speaker says Ráma would
    have gone if slain in open combat.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Hayagríva
  description: Cited as one who once set free the white Aśvatarí from hell.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: white Aśvatarí
  description: Cited as the being whom Hayagríva once set free from hell.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: accused hidden slayer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The speaker says Ráma struck him secretly while he fought another foe.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
- id: role:2
  label: royal ascetic figure under accusation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The speaker describes Ráma as a king of ancient lineage wearing devotee's
    raiment, but accuses him of acting beneath virtue's mask.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:13
- id: role:3
  label: wounded accuser
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The speaker says he bleeds from Ráma's dart and challenges Ráma's conduct.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: forest-dwelling combatant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The speaker says he lives in the woods on roots and fruit and fought Sugríva.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: rival and beneficiary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Sugríva is the speaker's foe, and Ráma's killing fulfills Sugríva's desire
    and leads to his reign.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: role:6
  label: ignored counselor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Tárá is said to have reasoned well, but the speaker disregarded her counsel.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: stolen or absent beloved to be restored
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The speaker calls her the Maithil lady and says he could have restored her
    to her lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:8
  label: capturable enemy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The speaker says he could have bound Rávaṇ with a chain and laid him at Ráma's
    feet.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:9
  label: royal ancestor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  basis: Daśaratha and Raghu are invoked to frame Ráma's lineage and royal reputation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: role:10
  label: lord of death's hall
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The speaker says Ráma would have fallen to Yáma's hall if they had met openly.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: role:11
  label: exemplary rescuer from hell
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Hayagríva is cited as once freeing the white Aśvatarí from hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:12
  label: rescued being in comparison
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The white Aśvatarí is named as the one freed from hell by Hayagríva.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: virtue's badge and saintly dress
  literal_form: badge of virtue, saintly dress, devotee's raiment
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: deadly dart
  literal_form: Ráma's deadly dart by which the speaker bleeds
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: hell of sinners
  literal_form: hell to which impious sinners fall
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: elephant breaking restraint
  literal_form: an elephant in storm-like passion casting down the girth of law
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: snake biting a sleeping man
  literal_form: snake bite compared to the unseen attack
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: chain for Rávaṇ
  literal_form: chain with which Rávaṇ would be bound
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:7
  label: ocean or deepest hell as rescue places
  literal_form: deepest hell and ocean's swell as places from which the lady could
    be recovered
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Wounded accusation after hidden shot
  summary: The speaker tells Ráma that he was struck secretly while fighting Sugríva
    and challenges the honor of such an attack.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: scene:2
  label: Critique of royal and ascetic righteousness
  summary: The speaker contrasts Ráma's reputation, lineage, and ascetic appearance
    with accusations of guile, passion, and failure in kingly duty.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: scene:3
  label: Moral catalog of sin and hell
  summary: The speaker lists sinners, including violent and treacherous figures, and
    says they fall to hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Ignored counsel and fate
  summary: The speaker says Tárá's good counsel was ignored, that he rushed to meet
    fate, and that Sugríva's future reign is right although the manner of the killing
    is unjust.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:11
- id: scene:5
  label: Hypothetical rescue of the Maithil lady
  summary: The speaker says that if Ráma had approached him openly, he could have
    restored the Maithil lady, captured Rávaṇ, and followed her even to hell or the
    ocean, citing Hayagríva's rescue of Aśvatarí.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Stolen beloved and promised recovery
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: The speaker refers to the one who robbed Ráma of his wife and claims he could
    have restored the Maithil lady to her lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:14
  confidence: high
  cautions: The recovery is hypothetical within the speaker's accusation, not an enacted
    rescue in this passage.
- id: motif:2
  label: Royal legitimacy challenged by unrighteous action
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: The speech repeatedly measures Ráma's conduct against lineage, kingly virtues,
    justice, and public blame.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the challenge from the wounded speaker's perspective
    before Ráma's reply.
- id: motif:3
  label: Ignored wise counsel before fatal combat
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The speaker states that Tárá reasoned well, but he ignored her counsel and
    rushed toward fate.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The content of Tárá's counsel is not given in this passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: Moral fall to hell for sin
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The speaker lists sinners and says they must fall to the hell of sinners;
    he also invokes Yáma's hall as a destination after death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:14
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage states moral consequence but does not narrate a divine judgment
    scene.
- id: motif:5
  label: Descent or pursuit into hell or ocean for rescue
  taxonomy_refs:
  - hero_descent
  basis: The speaker says he would follow the Maithil lady's track into deepest hell
    or beneath the ocean's swell and bring her back.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: low
  cautions: This is a hypothetical boast and comparison, not an actual descent narrated
    in the passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly compares the speaker's hypothetical recovery of the
    Maithil lady from hell or ocean to Hayagríva freeing the white Aśvatarí from hell.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Hayagríva's rescue of the white Aśvatarí from hell
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is made within a speech as a hypothetical analogy; no
    further details of the Hayagríva episode are provided here.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker asks what fame Ráma can gain from one not slain in
    front of battle, saying Ráma's secret hand laid him low while he fought his foe.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized with brief phrasing.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker recites Ráma's praised virtues, lineage, vows, compassion,
    self-restraint, and truth, then accuses him of wearing virtue's badge while guile
    and sin defile his soul.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says his race lives harmlessly in the woods, eating
    forest roots and fruits from branches.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: '"I wronged thee not in word or deed, / But by thy deadly dart
    I bleed."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; short quotation.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker names various sinners, including killers, infidels,
    violators of social and religious duties, misers, spies, and treacherous friends,
    and says all must fall to hell.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: '"In vain my Tárá reasoned well, / On dull deaf ears her counsel
    fell."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; short quotation.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker compares Ráma to an elephant in a storm of passion
    casting down the girth of law and trampling him unawares.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: '"Fell by a hand I could not see. / Thus bites a snake... / A
    sleeping man who wakes no more."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; short quotation with ellipsis.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says Ráma has killed Sugríva's foeman and fulfilled
    Sugríva's heart's desire.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says that if Ráma had asked him first, he would have
    restored the Maithil lady, bound Rávaṇ with a chain, laid him at Ráma's feet,
    and followed her even to deepest hell or the ocean, as Hayagríva once freed the
    white Aśvatarí from hell.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says it is just that Sugríva reign when his spirit
    departs, but unjust that he should lie slain by Ráma's treacherous hand; he attributes
    earthly state to sovereign Fate.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker asks how Daśaratha, called the noblest king, could
    beget so mean and base a thing.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says Ráma's long descent is from Raghu and asks why
    one of such lineage roams as a sinner clad in saintly dress.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: lines 39591-39757
  quote_or_summary: The speaker says Ráma has not proved valor against the one who
    robbed him of his wife, and that in open combat Ráma would have fallen to Yáma's
    hall.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain Project Gutenberg text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: The extraction is based only on the supplied passage. The speaker's identity
    is kept descriptive because the passage excerpt does not explicitly name him,
    though it identifies him as Sugríva's foe. Motif candidates reflect the speaker's
    claims and rhetorical comparisons, several of which are hypothetical or accusatory.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Passage is a speech of accusation immediately before the heading 'Canto XVIII. Ráma's Reply.'
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l39591-l39757
  passage_sha256=bd6aa74f4cdb3b6e75ab3bc7c3fc78044d82c0d9e4dce9542cd8065700474085