Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l26398-l26573

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l26398-l26573

---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l26398-l26573
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
  label: Canto CXII. The Sandals. / Canto CXIX. The Forest. / BOOK III. / Canto I.
    The Hermitage.; lines 26398-26573
  start: '26398'
  end: '26573'
  translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Virádha seizes Sítá and threatens Ráma and Lakshmaṇ. Ráma grieves, Lakshmaṇ
    vows vengeance, and the brothers attack. Virádha declares that Brahmá has made
    his body proof against weapons. Ráma’s arrows pass through him and he releases
    Sítá, but he remains unharmed, attacks with a spear, then carries the two brothers
    away through the forest. Sítá cries out in fear and offers herself if the giant
    will release Ráma and Lakshmaṇ.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Virádha holds Sítá in his grasp, and Ráma sees this and addresses Lakshmaṇ
    in grief.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Ráma’s speech links the present danger to Kaikeyí’s earlier expulsion of him
    and Bharat’s placement on the throne.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Lakshmaṇ answers Ráma angrily and vows that his arrow will kill Virádha.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Virádha asks who the two men are and where they are going; Ráma identifies
    them as two warriors wandering through the wood.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Virádha states his parentage and name, identifies himself as a giant, and
    says he has received from Brahmá a boon making his body unpierceable by weapon
    or shaft.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Virádha orders the brothers to leave Sítá with him and threatens to kill them
    if they do not flee.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Ráma shoots seven arrows at Virádha; they strike his breast, pass through
    his body, and fall to the ground.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: After being struck by the arrows, Virádha releases Sítá, takes up his spear,
    and rushes at Ráma and Lakshmaṇ.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Because of Brahmá’s promise, Virádha remains alive and unharmed by the arrows.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Ráma’s arrows split Virádha’s spear in two.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: Ráma and Lakshmaṇ draw swords and attack, but Virádha puts an arm around each
    of them and carries them away.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Ráma tells Lakshmaṇ to let Virádha carry them onward because he is going along
    the path they had chosen.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:13
  text: The forest through which Virádha carries the brothers is described as dark,
    with many birds, overarching trees, snakes, wild creatures, jackals, and tangled
    brakes.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:14
  text: Sítá sees Ráma and Lakshmaṇ being carried away, cries out in fear, and asks
    Virádha to take her instead and leave the brothers free.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Ráma
  description: A prince and warrior, called Raghu’s son, Sítá’s spouse, and Lakshmaṇ’s
    brother; he attacks Virádha and is carried away by him.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Sítá
  description: Janak’s child, the Maithil dame, Ráma’s spouse; she is seized by Virádha
    and later pleads that he take her instead of the brothers.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:11
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Lakshmaṇ
  description: Ráma’s brother and Sumitrá’s son; he vows to kill Virádha, attacks
    him, and is carried away with Ráma.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:3
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Virádha
  description: A giant in Daṇḍak forest who seizes Sítá, claims a boon from Brahmá
    that weapons cannot pierce him, fights the brothers, and carries them away.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Brahmá
  description: The deity from whose grace Virádha says he received a boon protecting
    his body from weapons.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Kaikeyí
  description: Mentioned by Ráma as the queen whose intent caused his exile and whose
    triumph he imagines in this crisis.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Bharat
  description: Mentioned by Ráma as the one set on the throne after Ráma’s expulsion.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: warrior-hero
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  basis: The brothers identify themselves as warriors and attack Virádha with arrows
    and swords.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:2
  label: seized beloved/spouse
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Sítá is Ráma’s spouse and is held by Virádha.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: avenging brother-companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Lakshmaṇ responds to Ráma’s grief by vowing to kill Virádha.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: giant adversary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Virádha identifies himself as a giant, seizes Sítá, threatens the brothers,
    and fights them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: captured heroes
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  basis: Virádha puts an arm around each brother and carries them through the forest.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: role:6
  label: self-offering petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Sítá asks Virádha to take her and leave Ráma and Lakshmaṇ free.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:7
  label: weapon-resistant being
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Virádha says Brahmá’s boon prevents weapons or shafts from piercing him,
    and the arrows do not harm his life.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: boon-giving deity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Virádha attributes his charmed body to Brahmá’s grace.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: exile-causing queen in speech
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Ráma says Kaikeyí’s intent expelled him and is fulfilled in the crisis.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:10
  label: enthroned kinsman in speech
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Ráma says Bharat is set on the throne.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: seized woman
  literal_form: Sítá clasped in Virádha’s arms
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: unpierceable body
  literal_form: Virádha’s charmed frame that weapon or shaft may not pierce or tear
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: sym:3
  label: seven arrows
  literal_form: Seven arrows shot by Ráma at Virádha
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: split spear
  literal_form: Virádha’s massive spear cleft in two by Ráma’s arrows
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: forest wilderness
  literal_form: Daṇḍak forest with dark shadows, birds, trees, snakes, jackals, and
    tangled brakes
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:6
  label: fire imagery
  literal_form: Virádha’s fiery mouth and arrows likened to flame or fiery rain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: serpent imagery
  literal_form: Lakshmaṇ panting like a snake; swords compared to black serpents;
    snakes dwelling in the forest
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: sym:8
  label: mountain-breaking imagery
  literal_form: Lakshmaṇ compares his vengeance to Indra splitting a mountain peak;
    the broken spear is compared to a rock riven from Meru
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Virádha seizes Sítá and Ráma grieves
  summary: Virádha holds Sítá; Ráma laments to Lakshmaṇ, recalling Kaikeyí, Bharat,
    exile, and the grief of seeing another touch Sítá.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Lakshmaṇ vows vengeance
  summary: Lakshmaṇ rebukes Ráma’s grief and promises to slay Virádha with his shaft.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Virádha reveals his boon and demands Sítá
  summary: Virádha asks the brothers’ identity, hears Ráma identify them as warriors,
    then names himself, describes his boon from Brahmá, demands that Sítá be left
    with him, and threatens the brothers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: The brothers attack Virádha
  summary: Ráma shoots seven arrows; Virádha releases Sítá but remains unharmed, attacks
    with a spear, and has the spear split by Ráma’s arrows. The brothers draw swords
    and rush at him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:5
  label: Virádha carries the brothers through the forest
  summary: Virádha seizes Ráma and Lakshmaṇ with his arms and carries them away. Ráma
    tells Lakshmaṇ to allow it because Virádha is moving along their intended path.
    The forest is described as dark and inhabited by birds, trees, snakes, wild creatures,
    and jackals.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:6
  label: Sítá pleads for the brothers
  summary: Sítá sees the brothers being carried away, cries out in fear, and asks
    Virádha to take her instead and release Ráma and Lakshmaṇ.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: beloved seized by monstrous adversary
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: Virádha clasps Sítá, demands that the brothers leave her with him, and later
    Sítá asks that he take her instead of the brothers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage shows seizure and threatened possession, not a completed long-term
    abduction.
- id: motif:2
  label: heroic combat against a weapon-proof monster
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Virádha declares a boon making his body impervious to weapons; Ráma’s arrows
    pass through him without harming his life; the brothers continue combat with arrows
    and swords.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference directly names weapon-invulnerability.
- id: motif:3
  label: divine boon confers battle protection
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Virádha says he performed austerities and gained Brahmá’s grace, receiving
    a charmed body that weapons cannot pierce.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The exchange is only briefly described; the passage does not detail the
    austerities or the boon-giving scene.
- id: motif:4
  label: heroes carried deeper along chosen forest path
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Virádha carries Ráma and Lakshmaṇ through the forest, and Ráma notes that
    the giant is taking them along the path they had chosen.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a movement episode within exile rather than the initial departure
    itself.
- id: motif:5
  label: spouse offers self to save beloved and kin
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: Sítá asks Virádha to take her and leave Ráma and Lakshmaṇ free.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage contains a verbal offer under duress, not an enacted sacrificial
    death.
- id: motif:6
  label: exiled royal hero’s threatened legitimacy and suffering
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: Ráma’s lament recalls Kaikeyí’s plot, Bharat’s enthronement, his own expulsion,
    and the present humiliation involving Sítá.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage references the royal conflict in speech rather than narrating
    the succession crisis directly.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 26398-26409
  quote_or_summary: Ráma sees “Virádha clasp / Fair Sítá in his mighty grasp” and
    cries that the giant’s arm enfolds his darling.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 26410-26427
  quote_or_summary: Ráma says Kaikeyí’s intent has succeeded, mentions Bharat on the
    throne, his own expulsion, and his grief at another touching Sítá.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 26428-26447
  quote_or_summary: Lakshmaṇ, angry and panting like a snake, promises that his arrow
    will slay Virádha and that the earth will drink the fiend’s blood.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: Canto III, opening
  quote_or_summary: Virádha asks the men who they are and where they go; Ráma says
    they are two nobly born warriors wandering through the wood, and asks Virádha’s
    identity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: Canto III, Virádha’s self-identification
  quote_or_summary: Virádha says he is a giant and that by Brahmá’s grace he has “a
    charmed frame which ne’er / Weapon or shaft may pierce or tear”; he orders the
    brothers to leave the woman with him or die.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: Canto III, Ráma’s first attack
  quote_or_summary: Ráma shoots seven gold-winged arrows into Virádha’s breast; they
    pass through his body and fall to earth, after which Virádha releases Sítá, takes
    up his spear, and rushes at the brothers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: Canto III, Virádha’s invulnerability and broken spear
  quote_or_summary: Because of Brahmá’s promise, Virádha’s life remains unharmed;
    he raises his spear, and Ráma’s two arrows cleave it in two, with a comparison
    to a rock riven from Meru.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: Canto III, sword attack and seizure
  quote_or_summary: The brothers draw swords compared to black serpents and rush at
    Virádha; he casts an arm around each and carries the two heroes away while bleeding.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: quote
  locator: Canto III, Ráma’s instruction while carried
  quote_or_summary: Ráma says, “let Virádha still / Hurry us onward as he will,” because
    he goes along the path they had chosen.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: Canto III, forest description
  quote_or_summary: Virádha carries the princes through a dark wood with birds of
    many colors, overhanging trees, snakes, forest creatures, jackals, and tangled
    brakes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: quote
  locator: Canto IV, Sítá’s cry
  quote_or_summary: Sítá cries that the giant bears away Ráma and Lakshmaṇ and pleads,
    “Take me, O best of giants, me, / And leave the sons of Raghu free.”
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short quotation used for evidence.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Motif labels use available
    taxonomy where directly supportable; some motif assignments are cautious because
    the passage is an episode within a larger narrative.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly support comparison to another named tradition or corpus beyond internal similes and available motif-family classification.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l26398-l26573
  passage_sha256=9be62df9b66fbb555b3f3f2b29c86a574038122bd66f50a11f73bf10ec97a7ba