Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l24866-l25039

batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l24866-l25039

---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l24866-l25039
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
  label: Canto CI. Bharata Questioned. / Canto CIII. The Funeral Libation. / Canto
    CIV. The Meeting With The Queens. / Canto CIX. The Praises Of Truth.; lines 24866-25039
  start: '24866'
  end: '25039'
  translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: "“Upheld by truth the monarch reigns, / And truth the very world sustains.”"
  summary: Rama answers the sage Javali by rejecting counsel that would lead him to
    abandon his vow. He praises truth as the basis of royal rule, duty, ritual, social
    order, and heavenly reward; declares that he will keep his father’s command and
    remain in the forest; rebukes Javali’s impious argument; and then hears Javali
    retract the atheist plea as a tactic used to persuade him.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Javali addresses Rama with an argument that Rama characterizes as tempting
    but falsely clothed in virtue.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Rama states that breaking his plighted promise would be a sinful departure
    from the righteous path.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Rama says subjects model their conduct on their princes.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Rama declares that truth sustains monarchy, the world, ritual acts, homes,
    land, and the prospect of heaven.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: obs:5
  text: Rama compares revulsion from a truth-scorner to shrinking from a serpent’s
    deadly tooth.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:6
  text: Rama says his father spoke commandments and that he is bound by his word of
    honour.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:7
  text: Rama describes his father’s truth as a bridge that he will not harm.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:8
  text: Rama says he swore an oath before his father and that Kaikeyi heard it with
    joy.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:9
  text: Rama says he will remain in the woods, live on prescribed food, and please
    ancestral shades and heavenly powers with fruits, roots, and flowers.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:10
  text: Rama says Fire, Wind, and Moon will partake with him in the fruit of his forest
    task.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:11
  text: Rama cites Indra’s hundred offerings and saints’ austerities as precedents
    for attaining divine or heavenly rank.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:12
  text: Rama rebukes Javali’s lore and associates justice, courage, pity, truth, and
    honour to Brahman, God, and guest with the way to heaven.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:13
  text: Rama condemns the atheist or impious creed and says wise kings should not
    admit such speech before them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
- id: obs:14
  text: Javali replies that the atheist doctrine is not his own and that he used it
    only at the needed time to turn Rama from his aim.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Rama
  description: The prince and hero who replies to Javali, defends truth, and refuses
    to break his promise or leave the forest.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:10
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Javali
  description: A sage whose impious or atheist-style argument is rebuked by Rama and
    who later disavows that doctrine as tactical speech.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:15
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Rama’s father
  description: The father whose commandments Rama says he must not break and before
    whose face Rama swore his oath.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Bharata
  description: Mentioned by Rama as the one whose words advise him to despise his
    father’s solemn charge.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Queen Kaikeyi
  description: The queen whose ear heard Rama’s oath with joy.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Ancestral shades
  description: Recipients whom Rama says he will please with fruit, roots, and flowers
    while in the forest.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Heavenly powers
  description: Recipients whom Rama says he will please with fruit, roots, and flowers
    while in the forest.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Fire, Wind, and Moon
  description: Cosmic or divine powers that Rama says will partake with him in the
    fruit of his task.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Indra
  description: A divine figure said to have gained rank over the gods through a hundred
    offerings.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Mighty saints
  description: Holy figures said to have secured heaven through long austerities on
    earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: truth-defending speaker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Rama answers Javali by praising truth as the basis of duty, kingship, and
    cosmic order.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: oath-bound forest exile
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Rama says he is bound by his honour, will not break his father’s command,
    and will remain in the woods.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: role:3
  label: sage using a retracted impious plea
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Javali first offers the argument Rama rebukes, then says the atheist doctrine
    was assumed only for the occasion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:15
- id: role:4
  label: source of command and oath witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Rama calls the command his father’s and says he swore before his father’s
    face.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: adviser to return or abandon the charge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Rama refers to Bharata’s words as advising him to despise the father’s solemn
    charge.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:6
  label: hearer of the oath
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Rama says Queen Kaikeyi heard the oath with joy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:7
  label: recipient of forest offerings
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: Rama says he will please ancestral shades and heavenly powers with fruit,
    roots, and flowers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:8
  label: partakers in ascetic merit
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Rama says Fire, Wind, and Moon shall partake of the fruit of his forest task
    with him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:9
  label: precedent for ritual elevation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Indra is said to have gained rank over the gods through a hundred offerings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: role:10
  label: precedent for heaven through austerity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Saints are said to have secured heaven through difficult years endured on
    earth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: truth as cosmic and social foundation
  literal_form: truth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: serpent’s deadly tooth
  literal_form: serpent tooth used as a comparison for danger or revulsion
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:3
  label: father’s bridge of truth
  literal_form: bridge of truth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:4
  label: forest subsistence and offering materials
  literal_form: fruit, roots, and flowers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:5
  label: Fire
  literal_form: Fire named with Wind and Moon as partaker in Rama’s task
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:6
  label: ritual offerings and austerities
  literal_form: oblations, gifts, vows, sacrifice, rites austere, hundred offerings,
    and endured austerities
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:12
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Rama rejects Javali’s argument
  summary: Rama answers Javali by saying the argument is attractive but false and
    would lead him from duty into forbidden ways.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Praise of truth and royal example
  summary: Rama says princes shape their subjects’ conduct and that truth sustains
    kingship, the world, ritual, and heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:3
  label: Rama reaffirms the paternal oath
  summary: Rama says he cannot break his father’s command, describes his father’s
    truth as a bridge, and recalls the oath sworn before his father and heard by Kaikeyi.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:4
  label: Rama commits to forest discipline
  summary: Rama declares that he will remain in the woods, subsist on prescribed food,
    make offerings to ancestral shades and heavenly powers, and complete his task
    with Fire, Wind, and Moon as partakers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: scene:5
  label: Rebuke of impious lore and Javali’s retraction
  summary: Rama rebukes Javali’s impious teaching and praises the virtuous way; Javali
    replies that the atheist doctrine was not his own and was used only to persuade
    Rama.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
  - ev:15
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: truth as foundation of kingship and world order
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: Rama links truthful conduct to the legitimacy of monarchs, the behavior of
    subjects, and the sustaining of the world and land.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage develops the theme doctrinally in speech rather than through
    a narrated coronation or political ritual.
- id: motif:2
  label: oath-bound exile refuses return
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: Rama refuses to break his pledge, rejects Bharata’s advice, and says he will
    remain in the woods to fulfill his task.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy term is “return,” but the passage presents a refusal
    or deferral of return rather than a completed return.
- id: motif:3
  label: ascetic offering and merit shared with divine powers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: Rama mentions oblations, vows, sacrifice, rites, forest offerings, Fire,
    Wind, Moon, Indra’s hundred offerings, and saints’ austerities leading to heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage states ritual and ascetic principles rather than narrating
    a full sacrificial ceremony.
- id: motif:4
  label: righteous instruction against false doctrine
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Rama gives an extended moral argument distinguishing true duty from a persuasive
    but impious doctrine, and Javali retracts that doctrine.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
  - ev:15
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The motif is discursive and ethical; it is not a riddle, revelation, or
    formal teaching scene by a recognized guru in this passage.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24866-24875
  quote_or_summary: Javali has addressed Rama; Rama replies that his words are fair
    but falsely wear virtue’s garb and lead from duty’s path.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation or summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24884-24895
  quote_or_summary: Rama asks how he could hope for heaven if he broke his plighted
    promise and forsook the righteous path.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation or summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24896-24899
  quote_or_summary: "“This world of ours is ever led / To walk the ways which others
    tread,” and subjects model their lives on princes."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation used.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24900-24907
  quote_or_summary: "“Upheld by truth the monarch reigns, / And truth the very world
    sustains”; the truthful win the highest sphere after death."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24912-24923
  quote_or_summary: Rama says truth is the root and base of virtue, that oblations,
    gifts, vows, sacrifices, austerities, and holy writ depend on truth, and that
    truth protects the land and houses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24908-24909
  quote_or_summary: "“As from a serpent’s deadly tooth, / We shrink from him who scorns
    the truth.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation used.
- id: ev:7
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24924-24929
  quote_or_summary: Rama asks how he can break the commandments his father spoke when
    he is true, faithful, and bound by his word of honour.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24930-24933
  quote_or_summary: "“My father’s bridge of truth shall stand / Unharmed by my destructive
    hand.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation used.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24958-24965
  quote_or_summary: Rama asks whether he should break his promise to make the woods
    his home, reject Bharata’s advice, and despise his father’s charge; he recalls
    the oath sworn before his father and heard by Kaikeyi.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24966-24977
  quote_or_summary: Rama says he will remain in the wood, live on prescribed food,
    and please ancestral shades and heavenly powers with fruit, roots, and flowers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
- id: ev:11
  type: quote
  locator: lines 24978-24981
  quote_or_summary: "“And Fire and Wind and Moon shall be / Partakers of its fruit
    with me.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise quotation used.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24982-24985
  quote_or_summary: Rama says a hundred offerings bought Indra rank over the gods
    and that mighty saints secured heaven through severe years endured on earth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 24986-25001
  quote_or_summary: Rama spurns the scoffing plea and says justice, courage, pity,
    truth, and honour to Brahman, God, and guest form the way leading to heaven.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: lines 25002-25013
  quote_or_summary: Rama calls Javali’s teaching faithless and impious, ranks the
    Buddhist with the thief and impious crew, and says wise kings should not admit
    the cursed infidel to speak before them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
  type: quote
  locator: lines 25026-25038
  quote_or_summary: Javali says the atheist lore is not his creed, that he used the
    atheist plea only at the fit occasion to turn Rama from his aim, and that he now
    disavows it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; concise summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is explicit about truth, oath, royal conduct, forest observance,
    and Javali’s retraction. Motif labels are assigned cautiously from the supplied
    taxonomy; no cross-text comparison claims are made because the passage itself
    does not establish historical or comparative relationships.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the provided passage and metadata were used. The anti-Buddhist and anti-atheist language is recorded as speech content in the passage, not endorsed.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l24866-l25039
  passage_sha256=c6c507eb0c194f9bce94ac84fd7e010325035da0c52c853c4319d70fc53485f8