batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l22214-l22350
---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l22214-l22350
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
label: Canto LXXXI. The Assembly. / Canto LXXXII. The Departure. / Canto LXXXIII.
The Journey Begun. / Canto LXXXV. Guha And Bharat.; lines 22214-22350
start: '22214'
end: '22350'
translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: Bharat inspects the grass and earth where Ráma and Sítá slept, laments
Ráma’s exile and the disorder of the kingdom, praises Lakshmaṇ and Sítá, and vows
to live austerely in the forest in Ráma’s place if Ráma will return to rule. The
next morning on the bank of the Gangá, Bharat asks Śatrughna to summon Guha so
that boats may carry the army across the river; Guha greets them and Bharat requests
boats.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Bharat and companions go to see the tree and the bed that Ráma had used.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Bharat identifies heaps of grass and hard earth as the place where Ráma and
Sítá lay.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Bharat sees small particles of gold and silken threads, which he links to
Sítá’s ornaments and outer garment.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Bharat says Daśaratha has gained the skies, Ráma lies in the woods, and the
state is like a rudderless vessel.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: Bharat says Ayodhyá is open and undefended, but enemies refrain because Ráma’s
arm still protects it.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Bharat vows to sleep on earth or grass, eat fruit and roots, wear bark and
matted hair, and live in the woods for Ráma’s term of banishment.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: Bharat says Śatrughna will share his exile and that Ráma with Lakshmaṇ should
return to rule Ayodhyá after consecration by twice-born men.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: At daybreak on the bank of the Gangá, Bharat wakes Śatrughna and tells him
to call Guha for help sending the army across the flood.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Śatrughna says he lies sleepless while remembering Ráma.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: Guha, king of the Nishádas, comes and asks after Bharat’s night and the health
of the soldiers.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: Bharat answers Guha courteously and asks that servants prepare boats to carry
the army across the stream.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Bharat
description: Son of Raghu who laments Ráma’s exile, vows austerity, and asks Guha
for boats to cross the Gangá.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Ráma
description: Exiled royal heir whose grass bed Bharat inspects and whom Bharat wishes
to return and rule Ayodhyá.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:7
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Sítá
description: Ráma’s wife, described as lying beside him on earth and leaving traces
of gold and silk.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Lakshmaṇ
description: Brother who follows Ráma in hardship and is expected to return with
him to Ayodhyá.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:12
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Śatrughna
description: Brother of Bharat, present on the Gangá bank, sleepless while remembering
Ráma, and named as one who will share Bharat’s exile.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Guha
description: King of the Nishádas and lord of Śringavera, approached for friendly
aid in ferrying the army across the Gangá.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Daśaratha
description: Royal father of Ráma and Bharat, said by Bharat to have gained the
skies.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Bharat’s mothers
description: Women addressed by Bharat when he points out Ráma’s bed.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Bharat’s army and soldiers
description: The army accompanying Bharat, to be sent across the Gangá by boats.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
label: mourning brother
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Bharat laments Ráma’s fall from royal comfort to sleeping on bare earth and
blames himself.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:13
- id: role:2
label: vowed substitute exile
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Bharat vows to live austerely in the woods for Ráma’s banishment term.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:3
label: petitioner for rightful rule
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Bharat says he will bow before Ráma’s feet and entreat him to return and
rule.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:14
- id: role:4
label: exiled rightful heir
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Bharat calls Ráma Daśaratha’s heir and says the kingdom is his by right.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:13
- id: role:5
label: absent protector of kingdom
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Bharat says Ráma’s arm protects the land even while he dwells in the wilds.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:6
label: devoted wife in exile
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Sítá lies beside Ráma on the earth and is praised as dwelling with him in
the wood.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:12
- id: role:7
label: faithful companion brother
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Bharat praises Lakshmaṇ’s footsteps for following Ráma in hardship.
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: role:8
label: brother sharing grief and exile
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Śatrughna says he lies sleepless remembering Ráma, and Bharat says Śatrughna
will share his exile.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: role:9
label: river-crossing ally
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Guha is summoned for friendly aid to send the army over the flood and is
asked to prepare boats.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: role:10
label: deceased royal father
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: Bharat says his royal sire has gained the skies.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:11
label: addressed royal mothers
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Bharat addresses his mothers while pointing out Ráma’s bed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:12
label: army requiring passage
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: The soldiers are with Bharat and the army is to be borne across the river.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: tree by Ráma’s bed
literal_form: tree
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: grass and earth bed
literal_form: tumbled heaps of grass and bare earth used as a bed
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: gold and silk traces
literal_form: small particles of glistering gold and silken threads
associated_figures:
- fig:3
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:4
label: bark garment and matted hair
literal_form: coat of bark and matted hair vowed by Bharat
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:5
label: Gangá crossing
literal_form: Gangá, flood, stream, and boats for crossing
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: sym:6
label: sun and lotus daybreak image
literal_form: sun chasing night and waking every lotus with light
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Inspection of Ráma’s bed
summary: Bharat shows his mothers the grass and earth where Ráma and Sítá slept
and identifies traces linked to Sítá’s ornaments and garment.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:2
label: Lament for exile and kingdom
summary: Bharat laments that Ráma, the rightful royal heir, slept on bare earth,
praises Sítá and Lakshmaṇ, and describes the kingdom as distressed but still protected
by Ráma.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:12
- ev:13
- id: scene:3
label: Bharat’s vow of substitution
summary: Bharat vows to live on the ground or grass, eat forest food, wear bark
and matted hair, and serve Ráma’s term of banishment if Ráma returns to rule.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:14
- id: scene:4
label: Morning at the Gangá
summary: At daybreak on the Gangá bank, Bharat wakes Śatrughna, asks him to summon
Guha, and Guha comes to inquire after them.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- id: scene:5
label: Request for boats
summary: Bharat thanks Guha and asks him to have boats prepared to carry the army
across the stream.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:6
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: rightful king absent but still legitimate
taxonomy_refs:
- royal_legitimacy
basis: Bharat repeatedly identifies Ráma as Daśaratha’s heir and the kingdom as
Ráma’s by right, and seeks Ráma’s return and consecration.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:13
confidence: high
cautions: The passage presents legitimacy through Bharat’s speech rather than through
an enacted coronation.
- id: motif:2
label: substitution for exile through voluntary austerity
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
basis: Bharat vows to adopt forest austerities and pass the term of banishment in
Ráma’s place to preserve Ráma’s promise.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a vow of self-denial and substitution; the passage does not describe
a ritual sacrifice.
- id: motif:3
label: loyal sibling pair or brotherly devotion
taxonomy_refs:
- sibling_pair
basis: Lakshmaṇ is praised for following Ráma, Śatrughna is said to share Bharat’s
exile, and Śatrughna remains sleepless remembering Ráma.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
- ev:12
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage involves more than one sibling relationship rather than a
single fixed twin or paired-brother motif.
- id: motif:4
label: departure and river passage
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: The group spends the night on the Gangá bank and prepares boats to carry
the army across the river for the next stage of the journey.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: The passage prepares the crossing; the actual crossing is not included
in the supplied excerpt.
- id: motif:5
label: forest renunciation markers
taxonomy_refs:
- initiation
basis: Bharat vows to sleep on ground or grass, eat roots and fruit, wear bark,
and wear matted hair while living in the woods.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage shows ascetic markers, but no formal initiation rite is narrated.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: quote
locator: lines 22214-22218
quote_or_summary: "“They went together to the tree / The bed which Ráma pressed
to see.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 22219-22251
quote_or_summary: Bharat tells his mothers to behold the hero’s bed, identifies
heaps of grass and cold bare earth as where Ráma and Sítá lay, and notes the grass
bears signs of Ráma’s limbs.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 22252-22265
quote_or_summary: Bharat observes small particles of gold and silken threads, linking
them to Sítá’s ornaments and outer garment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: quote
locator: lines 22300-22304
quote_or_summary: "“My royal sire has gained the skies, / In woods the high-souled
hero lies; / The state is wrecked and tempest-tossed, / A vessel with her rudder
lost.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 22305-22318
quote_or_summary: Bharat says no foe has planned to seize the land because Ráma’s
arm protects it, though the city is undefended and open to enemies.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: quote
locator: lines 22319-22324
quote_or_summary: "“I from this hour my nights will pass / Couched on the earth
or gathered grass, / Eat only fruit and roots, and wear / A coat of bark, and
matted hair.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 22325-22336
quote_or_summary: Bharat says he will complete Ráma’s banishment term, Śatrughna
will share his exile, and Ráma with Lakshmaṇ should return to rule Ayodhyá and
be consecrated by twice-born men.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 22351-22364
quote_or_summary: At daybreak on the Gangá bank, Bharat wakes Śatrughna, describes
the sun waking the lotus, and tells him to call Guha to help send the army across
the flood.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: quote
locator: lines 22365-22367
quote_or_summary: "“Remembering Ráma, sleepless lie.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 22368-22378
quote_or_summary: Guha, king of the Nishádas, arrives and asks whether Bharat passed
the night comfortably by the river and whether the soldiers are healthy and at
ease.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: quote
locator: lines 22379-22384
quote_or_summary: "“Now let thy servants boats prepare, / Our army o’er the stream
to bear.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 22293-22299
quote_or_summary: Bharat calls Lakshmaṇ blessed for following his brother in adversity
and calls Sítá blessed for dwelling with Ráma in the wood.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: lines 22234-22290
quote_or_summary: Bharat laments that Ráma, Daśaratha’s heir and rightful lord of
the kingdom, has left royal comfort and lies on a bed of earth with Sítá.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: lines 22337-22350
quote_or_summary: Bharat prays that the gods grant his wish and says that if Ráma
denies his plea when he bows before his feet, Bharat will live with him in the
forest.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain translation; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Figures, scenes, and symbols are directly grounded in the supplied passage.
Motif assignments use only the supplied taxonomy and are cautious where a taxonomy
label is broader than the literal scene.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No external comparisons were added; comparison_claims left empty because the passage itself does not explicitly compare these events to another tradition or motif family beyond supporting candidate motif classification.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l22214-l22350
passage_sha256=f112369e48d39cb220b173ea63a1bfd13c98dbf7a5f73fde6736d13fd99bfa65