batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l16669-l16814
---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg-l16669-l16814
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
passage_locator:
label: Canto XXX. The Triumph Of Love. / Canto XXXII. The Gift Of The Treasures.
/ Canto XXXVII. The Coats Of Bark. / Canto XLVI. The Halt.; lines 16669-16814
start: '16669'
end: '16814'
translation: The Ramayan of Valmiki
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: On the first night of exile, Ráma speaks with Lakshmaṇ about Ayodhyá, their
family, and the citizens following them. Sumantra tends the horses; the evening
rites are performed; Ráma and Sítá sleep on a leafy bed while Lakshmaṇ and Sumantra
keep watch. At dawn Ráma sees the citizens asleep under trees and decides to leave
secretly so they will not continue to suffer by following him. The party mounts
the chariot, crosses the Tamasá, and Ráma instructs Sumantra to mislead the crowd
by obscuring their route.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Ráma identifies this as the first night since they began moving toward the
wilds.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Ráma says he will take only water that night, despite the forest offering
varied provisions.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Sumantra ties and feeds the horses after sunset and rests near them on the
strand.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: The group performs the evening rite before night falls.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: A low bed is made for Ráma, and he lies down beside Sítá on a leafy bed by
the bank.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: Lakshmaṇ remains awake through the night with Sumantra while Ráma and Sítá
sleep.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: At dawn, Ráma sees the city people asleep at the roots of trees after following
him from home.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:8
text: Ráma states that the citizens are willing to give up their lives rather than
abandon their intent to follow him.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:9
text: Ráma says a prince should relieve his subjects’ self-brought sorrows and not
let them share his burden.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:10
text: Ráma orders Sumantra to yoke the chariot so the party can continue toward
the forest.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:11
text: Ráma, Sítá, and Lakshmaṇ mount the chariot with Ráma’s bow and gear placed
inside.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:12
text: The party crosses the fast-running Tamasá and reaches a wide, clear road on
the farther side.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:13
text: Ráma instructs Sumantra to drive north briefly and then return in the former
track so the people will not know his course.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Ráma
description: Chief of Raghu’s race, lord of men, and exiled prince who directs the
journey and speaks of his duties toward family and subjects.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Sítá
description: Ráma’s wife, beside whom he sleeps on the leafy bed and with whom he
mounts the chariot.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Lakshmaṇ
description: Ráma’s brother, addressed by Ráma, who helps prepare the bed and keeps
watch through the night.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:6
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Sumantra
description: The charioteer who tends the horses, helps keep watch, yokes the chariot,
and drives according to Ráma’s instructions.
role_refs:
- role:6
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Citizens following Ráma
description: People from the city who sleep under trees after following Ráma and
wish to see him return home.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Horses
description: Sumantra’s noble, rapid steeds, tied, fed, yoked, and driven onward.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
label: departing royal hero
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Ráma leads the party away from Ayodhyá toward the wilds and forest.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
- id: role:2
label: protective prince
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Ráma resolves to spare the citizens the burden of following him and has his
route hidden from them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:7
- id: role:3
label: accompanying wife
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Sítá sleeps beside Ráma and later mounts the chariot with him and Lakshmaṇ.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- id: role:4
label: loyal brother-companion
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Lakshmaṇ follows Ráma and assists during the halt.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:6
- id: role:5
label: night watcher
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:4
basis: Lakshmaṇ and Sumantra remain awake through the night while speaking of Ráma’s
virtues.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:6
label: charioteer and attendant
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Sumantra cares for the horses, prepares the chariot, and drives the party
onward.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: role:7
label: devoted subjects
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The citizens leave home, sleep under trees, and intend to continue following
Ráma.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:8
label: journey animals
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: The horses draw the chariot on the departure route.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: water taken in austerity
literal_form: water
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: river crossing
literal_form: the fast-running Tamasá river
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:3
label: leafy bed
literal_form: lowly bed made of leaves on the river bank
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:4
label: chariot
literal_form: car or chariot carrying Ráma, Sítá, Lakshmaṇ, bow, and gear
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: First night in the wilds
summary: Ráma speaks to Lakshmaṇ about Ayodhyá, family grief, Bharat’s care for
the parents, and his own decision to take only water that night.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Night halt by the river bank
summary: Sumantra tends the horses; the evening rite is performed; Ráma and Sítá
sleep on a leafy bed while Lakshmaṇ and Sumantra keep watch.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Ráma observes the sleeping citizens
summary: At dawn Ráma sees the citizens asleep under trees and decides that they
should not continue sharing the burden of his exile.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:5
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Secret continuation of the journey
summary: Sumantra yokes the horses; Ráma, Sítá, and Lakshmaṇ enter the chariot,
cross the Tamasá, and Ráma instructs Sumantra to obscure their route from the
citizens.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: royal departure into exile
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: Ráma and his companions leave their city and move toward the forest/wilds,
continuing the journey by chariot after the first night’s halt.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:6
confidence: high
cautions: The broader cause of exile is not included in this passage; the motif
is identified only from the departure actions and speech present here.
- id: motif:2
label: devoted subjects following the departing ruler
taxonomy_refs:
- royal_legitimacy
- departure
basis: The citizens abandon home, sleep under trees, and wish to bring Ráma back,
while Ráma acts to prevent them from suffering further.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
confidence: medium
cautions: Royal legitimacy is supported by the citizens’ devotion and Ráma’s stated
princely duty, but no coronation or formal legitimacy contest appears in the passage.
- id: motif:3
label: liminal river crossing on a departure journey
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: After the night halt, the travelers cross the Tamasá and continue on a clear
road toward the forest.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage reports the crossing literally; any broader threshold symbolism
requires interpretation beyond the passage.
- id: motif:4
label: secret departure to spare followers
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
basis: Ráma leaves while the citizens sleep and orders the chariot route manipulated
so they cannot trace his path.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:7
confidence: high
cautions: The motive is explicitly tied to sparing the citizens’ hardship, not to
hostility or escape from enemies.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: Canto XLVI, lines 16669-16705
quote_or_summary: Ráma tells Lakshmaṇ that night has first descended since they
began toward the wilds, reflects on Ayodhyá and family grief, praises Lakshmaṇ’s
following him, and says he will take only water that night.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: Canto XLVI, lines 16706-16725
quote_or_summary: Ráma asks Sumantra to care for the horses; after sunset Sumantra
ties and feeds them, the evening rite is performed, and a low leafy bed is made
for Ráma beside Sítá on the bank.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: Canto XLVI, lines 16726-16735
quote_or_summary: Lakshmaṇ sees the couple asleep and keeps watch through the night
with Sumantra, speaking of Ráma’s virtues until sunrise.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: Canto XLVI, lines 16736-16755
quote_or_summary: At dawn Ráma looks at the sleeping crowd reclining at tree roots
and says they left house and home out of care for him and would give up life rather
than cease following him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: quote
locator: Canto XLVI, lines 16756-16761
quote_or_summary: "“A prince with tender care should heal / The self-brought woes
his people feel, / And never let his subjects share / The burthen he is forced
to bear.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used for evidence.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: Canto XLVI, lines 16762-16791
quote_or_summary: Lakshmaṇ agrees; Ráma orders Sumantra to yoke the rapid steeds.
Ráma, Sítá, and Lakshmaṇ mount the chariot with Ráma’s bow and gear, cross the
fast-running Tamasá, and reach a wide clear road.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: Canto XLVI, lines 16792-16814
quote_or_summary: Ráma tells Sumantra to drive north briefly and return in the former
track so the people will not learn his course; Sumantra drives onward toward the
hermit-haunted wood.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/ramayana-griffith.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: The passage is clear about actions, figures, and journey sequence. Motif
labels are conservative and tied to available taxonomy; no comparison claims are
made because the passage itself does not explicitly compare this episode with
another tradition or motif family.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No taxonomy refs were added beyond supplied available motif families and symbols. Comparison claims are intentionally empty.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-ramayana-griffith-gutenberg__l16669-l16814
passage_sha256=e906292cac37b2ebe276c74cc938289f9687aa601d867dc8e16e698ae8d39bfd