batch.motif.sufi-hafiz-divan-bell-gutenberg-l500-l592
---
record_id: batch.motif.sufi-hafiz-divan-bell-gutenberg-l500-l592
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
passage_locator:
label: GERTRUDE LOWTHIAN BELL / LONDON / WILLIAM HEINEMANN / INTRODUCTION; lines
500-592
start: '500'
end: '592'
translation: Poems from the Divan of Hafiz
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage recounts Hafiz’s unsuccessful visits or attempted journeys
to rulers outside Shiraz, his homesickness and returns, patronage by rulers including
Mansur, poems on old age and lost youth, forebodings of social disorder, and traditions
concerning his death, tomb at Mosalla, garden, cypress, and posthumous pilgrimage
reputation.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Hafiz visited Shah Yahya at Yezd, found the reward disappointing, and expressed
that his cup had not been filled with wine while dwelling there.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: While absent from Shiraz, Hafiz is described as homesick and as asking why
he should not return to his own home and city.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: After the visit to Shah Yahya, Hafiz is said to have remarked that Fortune
did not intend kings to be wise.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Hafiz set out for India in response to Shah Mahmud Purabi’s invitation, but
accidents befell him, he lost heart, and he returned home.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: The Sultan of Hormuz favored Hafiz though Hafiz refused to visit him and his
pearl fisheries; Hafiz contrasted this generosity with Shah Yahya’s empty dismissal.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Mansur is described as Hafiz’s staunch friend and as holding him in high esteem.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: A tradition says Mansur called Hafiz and Jelaleddin the two wisest men in
his realm.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: In old age, Hafiz lamented that his black hair had turned white and imagined
Youth as a mistress from whom he was divorced or who seemed to return in the tavern.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: A poem attributed to Hafiz after Timur’s entry depicts tumult under the moon,
family strife, fools drinking sweet sherbet, the wise nourished on heart’s blood,
a wounded Arabian horse, and an ass wearing gold.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: The date of Hafiz’s death is given variously, with 1389 supported by an inscribed
couplet using the letters of Khak-i-Mosalla.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: Hafiz is said to lie in the garden of Mosalla outside Shiraz, on the banks
of the Ruknabad, under or near cypress shade.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: A tomb monument was erected after Sultan Baber conquered Shiraz, and an oblong
stone carved with two Divan songs marks the grave.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:13
text: The garden contains tombs of many devout Persians who desired burial in the
sacred earth holding the poet’s bones.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: obs:14
text: The passage reports a prophecy that Hafiz’s grave would become a place of
pilgrimage for all the drunkards of the world and says it was largely fulfilled.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: obs:15
text: A very ancient cypress, said to have been planted by Hafiz, stood for many
centuries at the head of his grave.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Hafiz
description: Poet whose travels, homesickness, old age, death, tomb, and posthumous
reputation are described.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:14
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Shah Yahya
description: Brother of Shah Shudja at Yezd whom Hafiz visited and judged ungenerous.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Shah Mahmud Purabi, Sultan of Bengal
description: Ruler whose pressing invitation led Hafiz to set out for India.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Sultan of Hormuz
description: Ruler who gave Hafiz many favors though Hafiz refused to visit him
and the pearl fisheries.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Mansur
description: Warrior prince and friend of Hafiz who esteemed him highly.
role_refs:
- role:7
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Jelaleddin
description: Vizir named with Hafiz as one of the two wisest men in Mansur’s realm.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Timur
description: Conqueror whose entry is associated with a poem of foreboding and tumult.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Youth
description: Personified as Hafiz’s mistress in poems about old age.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Sultan Baber
description: Ruler who conquered Shiraz about sixty years after Hafiz’s death and
erected a monument over his tomb.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Devout Persians buried near Hafiz
description: People said to have desired burial in the sacred earth holding Hafiz’s
bones.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Drunkards of the world
description: Group named in the prophecy that Hafiz’s grave would become their place
of pilgrimage.
role_refs:
- role:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
roles:
- id: role:1
label: poet
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage repeatedly attributes poems, songs, and the Divan to Hafiz.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:12
- id: role:2
label: homesick exile or traveler
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Hafiz is described as overcome with homesickness while absent from Shiraz
and seeking return.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:4
- id: role:3
label: recipient or seeker of patronage
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage describes rewards, favors, invitations, and patronage from rulers.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:4
label: aged speaker lamenting youth
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage says Hafiz had grown old and quotes laments about white hair
and lost Youth.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:5
label: posthumous pilgrimage focus
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: His grave is described as a fulfilled place of pilgrimage, with others buried
nearby in sacred earth.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- ev:14
- id: role:6
label: disappointing patron
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Hafiz’s cup was not filled while with Shah Yahya, and Shah Yahya is contrasted
unfavorably with Hormuz.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- id: role:7
label: royal inviter or patron
assigned_to:
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
basis: These rulers invited, favored, protected, or befriended Hafiz.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:8
label: esteemer of wisdom
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Mansur is said to have called Hafiz and Jelaleddin the two wisest men in
his realm.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:9
label: wise counsellor
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Jelaleddin is named with Hafiz as one of the two wisest men in Mansur’s realm.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:10
label: conqueror associated with disorder
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: A poem of foreboding is said to have been written after Timur’s entry.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:11
label: personified lost beloved
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Youth is called Hafiz’s mistress and is imagined as divorced from him or
returned in the tavern.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:12
label: tomb monument builder
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Sultan Baber is said to have erected a monument over Hafiz’s tomb.
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: role:13
label: devout dead near poet
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Their tombs are said to be in the garden because they desired rest in the
sacred earth holding Hafiz’s bones.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: role:14
label: pilgrims to poet’s grave
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: The passage reports a prophecy that the grave would become their place of
pilgrimage.
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: unfilled cup
literal_form: Cup not filled with wine at Shah Yahya’s court
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: return to home city
literal_form: Return to Shiraz, own home, own city, and beloved street
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: honey of pilgrimage roads
literal_form: Honey of the roads of pilgrimage
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: pearls as royal favor
literal_form: Pearls and pearl fisheries associated with the Sultan of Hormuz
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: banners and throne steps
literal_form: Banners of the Conqueror and steps of a throne
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:6
label: white hair and lost youth
literal_form: Black hair turned white; Youth personified as mistress
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:7
label: tavern and wine of former days
literal_form: Tavern, wine, cup, and glasses of wine in old age poems
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:8
label: cosmic and social tumult
literal_form: Tumult beneath the moon’s orbit and strife among family members
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:9
label: inverted moral nourishment
literal_form: Fools drink rose-water and sugar while the wise are nourished on heart’s
blood
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:10
label: wounded horse and adorned ass
literal_form: Arabian horse wounded beneath the saddle and ass wearing a gold collar
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: sym:11
label: dust of Mosalla
literal_form: Dust of Mosalla named in tomb inscription and chronogram
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:12
label: garden tomb beside water
literal_form: Garden of Mosalla outside Shiraz on the banks of the Ruknabad
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:13
label: cypress at the grave
literal_form: Ancient cypress said to be planted by Hafiz at the head of his grave
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs:
- tree
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
- id: sym:14
label: grave as pilgrimage place
literal_form: Hafiz’s grave as a place of pilgrimage for drunkards of the world
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:11
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Disappointing visit to Shah Yahya at Yezd
summary: Hafiz visits Shah Yahya, receives less reward than expected, and depicts
the court as one where his cup was not filled.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Homesickness and return desire
summary: While away from Shiraz, Hafiz voices a wish to return to his home, city,
and beloved place rather than endure exile.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Failed journey toward India
summary: Hafiz sets out for India at the invitation of Shah Mahmud Purabi, but accidents
cause him to lose heart and return home.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Distant favor from Hormuz
summary: The Sultan of Hormuz favors Hafiz though Hafiz refuses to visit; Hafiz
contrasts this with Shah Yahya’s lack of reward.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Mansur’s friendship and esteem
summary: Mansur is presented as Hafiz’s friend and patron, and a tradition names
Hafiz and Jelaleddin as the two wisest men in the realm.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:6
label: Old age and imagined return of Youth
summary: Hafiz laments white hair and, in tavern imagery, imagines his former mistress
Youth returning to his old head.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:7
label: Foreboding after Timur’s entry
summary: A poem attributed to Hafiz depicts disorder throughout the world, family
strife, fools and wise persons in contrasting conditions, and animal images of
reversal.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:8
- sym:9
- sym:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:8
label: Death and tomb at Mosalla
summary: The passage presents variant death dates, a chronogramic tomb inscription,
burial in the garden of Mosalla, a later monument, nearby devout burials, pilgrimage
to the grave, and an ancient cypress.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:9
- fig:10
- fig:11
symbol_refs:
- sym:11
- sym:12
- sym:13
- sym:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:13
- ev:14
- ev:15
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Departure followed by failed return journey
taxonomy_refs:
- departure
- return
basis: Hafiz repeatedly leaves or attempts to leave Shiraz for rulers’ courts or
India, but the passage emphasizes disappointment, homesickness, accident, and
return home.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage is biographical and literary, not a mythic journey narrative;
motif mapping is functional and tentative.
- id: motif:2
label: Beloved homeland as object of longing
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_beloved
basis: Shiraz and the home street are described in affective language as Hafiz’s
own beloved and heart’s desire.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:11
confidence: low
cautions: The beloved is the city or homeland in this passage, not explicitly a
divine beloved.
- id: motif:3
label: Wisdom associated with poet and counsellor
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The passage records a saying that Hafiz and Jelaleddin were the two wisest
men in Mansur’s realm and gives Hafiz’s counsel to do good as worth more than
jewels.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: Wisdom is explicit, but the passage does not develop a full wisdom-myth
narrative.
- id: motif:4
label: Aging and lost youth imagined as beloved
taxonomy_refs:
- death_rebirth
basis: Hafiz’s old age poems personify Youth as a mistress lost by divorce and momentarily
imagined as returned in the tavern.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: low
cautions: There is no literal rebirth; the taxonomy reference is only a loose association
with loss and imagined return.
- id: motif:5
label: Grave becomes pilgrimage center
taxonomy_refs:
- mystical_quest
basis: The passage states that Hafiz’s grave was prophesied to become a place of
pilgrimage and that devout Persians sought burial in the sacred earth around it.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- ev:14
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage describes pilgrimage to a poet’s grave rather than a quest
narrative.
- id: motif:6
label: Sacred tree at tomb
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_tree_axis
basis: A very ancient cypress, said to be of Hafiz’s own planting, stood for centuries
at the head of his grave.
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
confidence: low
cautions: The passage identifies a revered grave-side tree but does not present
it as an axis mundi or cosmic tree.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 500-509
quote_or_summary: Hafiz visited Shah Yahya at Yezd, found the reward inadequate,
and wrote that while with him his cup was never filled with wine.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 509-516
quote_or_summary: While at Yezd, Hafiz is described as homesick and as asking why
he should not return to his own home, beloved street, and city.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: lines 516-518
quote_or_summary: "“It seems that Fortune did not intend kings to be wise.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 520-525
quote_or_summary: Hafiz never again gathered the honey of pilgrimage roads; he set
out for India after Shah Mahmud Purabi’s invitation, but accidents befell him,
he lost heart, and returned home.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 527-533
quote_or_summary: The Sultan of Hormuz gave Hafiz many favors though Hafiz refused
to visit him; Hafiz compared the Sultan’s pearls with Shah Yahya’s empty sending-away.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 535-544
quote_or_summary: Mansur is called Hafiz’s staunch friend; a poem imagines return
to Shiraz through his favor, banners, heavenward bearing, refuge, and throne steps.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 544-551
quote_or_summary: A tradition says Mansur refused to give his son both Jelaleddin
and Hafiz, calling them the two wisest men in his realm.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 553-565
quote_or_summary: In old age Hafiz laments black hair turning white, drinks wine
of former days, calls Youth his mistress, and imagines Youth, love, and madness
returning in the tavern.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 565-581
quote_or_summary: A foreboding poem after Timur’s entry describes tumult beneath
the moon, widespread evil, family strife, fools drinking sweet sherbet, the wise
fed on heart’s blood, a wounded Arabian horse, a gold-collared ass, and counsel
to do good.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 583-588
quote_or_summary: Hafiz’s death date is variously given; a tomb couplet uses Khak-i-Mosalla,
dust of Mosalla, to give 791/1389.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 588-591
quote_or_summary: Hafiz lies in the garden of Mosalla outside Shiraz, on the banks
of the Ruknabad, where he had rested under cypress shade.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 591-595
quote_or_summary: About sixty years after Hafiz’s death, Sultan Baber conquered
Shiraz and erected a monument over the tomb; an oblong stone carved with two songs
marks the grave.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: lines 595-599
quote_or_summary: The garden contains tombs of many devout Persians who wanted to
rest in the sacred earth holding the poet’s bones.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: lines 599-601
quote_or_summary: The passage says Hafiz’s prophecy that his grave would become
a pilgrimage place for the drunkards of the world has largely been fulfilled.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
type: summary
locator: lines 601-604
quote_or_summary: A very ancient cypress, said to have been planted by Hafiz, stood
for centuries at the head of his grave and cast its shadow over his dust.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/poems-from-divan-of-hafiz-bell.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: The passage is a biographical introduction with embedded translated poetic
excerpts; literal extraction is moderately secure, while motif classification
is tentative because the material is not presented as a mythic narrative.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Used only provided passage and metadata. No comparison claims were added because the passage does not itself support cross-tradition comparison.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:sufi-hafiz-divan-bell-gutenberg__l500-l592
passage_sha256=7f0bd8ce23d47e93f25b2e39280d8f3b4eea42ae9bb63d86a9e44bfd248d8a86