Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg-l6374-l6464

batch.motif.greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg-l6374-l6464

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg-l6374-l6464
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK XIII / ULYSSES LEAVES SCHERIA AND RETURNS TO ITHACA. / BOOK XIV / ULYSSES
    IN THE HUT WITH EUMAEUS.; lines 6374-6464
  start: '6374'
  end: '6464'
  translation: The Odyssey
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: In Eumaeus' hut, Ulysses tells a story of betrayal, bondage, escape by
    sea, and divine aid. Eumaeus doubts reports about Ulysses' return but promises
    hospitality out of reverence for Jove. Ulysses proposes an oath-bound wager on
    the master's return, and Eumaeus refuses any violence against a guest. The swineherds
    return, and Eumaeus sacrifices a pig, prays for Ulysses' homecoming, apportions
    meat to gods and men, and honors the stranger with a choice portion.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The stranger says men plotted to sell him as a slave, stripped him, gave him
    rags, bound him on a ship, and went ashore.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The stranger says the gods undid his bonds, after which he entered the sea,
    swam ashore, hid in a thick wood, and was brought to a good man's door.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Eumaeus says he finds the stranger's misfortunes interesting but does not
    believe the claim about Ulysses.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Eumaeus states that his master has been absent and that storm winds have carried
    him away to an unknown place.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Eumaeus says he will treat the stranger kindly out of respect for Jove as
    god of hospitality, and from fear and pity.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: 'Ulysses proposes a bargain witnessed by all the gods: if the master returns,
    Eumaeus should give him clothing and send him to Dulichium; if not, Eumaeus''
    men may throw him from a precipice.'
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Eumaeus rejects the idea of killing a man whom he has received into his hut
    and shown hospitality.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The swineherds drive pigs into their sties for the night, and Eumaeus orders
    the best pig brought in for sacrifice for the stranger.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Eumaeus cuts bristles from the pig's face, throws them into the fire, and
    prays to all the gods for Ulysses' return.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: The pig is stunned, slaughtered, singed, cut up, sprinkled with barley meal,
    roasted, and divided.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: Eumaeus makes seven portions, sets one apart for Mercury and the nymphs, distributes
    the others to the men, and gives Ulysses an especially honorable portion.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: Eumaeus says that God grants and withholds according to his will.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Ulysses / the stranger
  description: The speaker called Ulysses in the narration and treated by Eumaeus
    as an unfortunate old stranger or outcast.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Eumaeus
  description: The swineherd who receives the stranger, doubts reports about Ulysses,
    invokes hospitality, and organizes the sacrifice and meal.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Jove
  description: Named as the god of hospitality whom Eumaeus respects and fears.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: the gods
  description: Divine powers credited in the stranger's story with undoing bonds and
    hiding him, and later invoked as witnesses or recipients of prayer.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: swineherds / Eumaeus' men
  description: Men who return with the pigs, help shut them in, and assist with preparing
    the sacrificial meal.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Mercury son of Maia and the nymphs
  description: Divine recipients of a set-apart portion from the meal.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Penelope
  description: Named by Eumaeus as the one who sends for him when news about Ulysses
    arrives.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: suffering wanderer and storyteller
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He recounts betrayal, enslavement-threat, stripping, binding, sea escape,
    concealment, and arrival at a good man's door.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: oath-making claimant of the master's return
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He proposes a bargain before the gods based on whether the master comes home.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: hospitable host
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He says he will treat the stranger kindly out of reverence for Jove and refuses
    to kill a received guest.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: loyal servant awaiting absent master
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He speaks of his absent master Ulysses, rejects false reports, and prays
    for Ulysses' return.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: divine authority or recipient
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  basis: Divine beings are invoked as helpers, witnesses, patrons of hospitality,
    and recipients of offerings.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:6
  label: household helpers in ritual meal
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: They bring pigs in, assist with slaughtering, singeing, and cooking.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: sea escape
  literal_form: sea entered from a ship; swimming ashore
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: strong rope bonds
  literal_form: strong rope fastening the stranger in the ship
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: rags and desired clothing
  literal_form: tattered clouts, cloak, and shirt
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: hut as hospitality space
  literal_form: Eumaeus' hut and door receiving the stranger
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: precipice punishment
  literal_form: yonder precipice from which the liar could be thrown
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: sacrificial fire
  literal_form: fire and embers used for bristles, offerings, and roasting
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: sacrificial pig
  literal_form: fine fat five-year-old boar pig brought to the altar, slaughtered,
    and shared
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: sym:8
  label: seven portions
  literal_form: seven portions of meat, one for Mercury and the nymphs and the rest
    for the men
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: stranger's tale of betrayal and escape
  summary: The stranger recounts being plotted against, stripped, bound on a ship,
    freed by divine action, and escaping through the sea to concealment near a wood
    and then to a good man's door.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Eumaeus doubts news of Ulysses
  summary: Eumaeus responds that he does not believe the report about Ulysses and
    describes his master's uncertain absence and the effects of news at home.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: hospitality and oath-bound bargain
  summary: Eumaeus grounds his kindness to the stranger in reverence for Jove; Ulysses
    proposes a divine-witnessed bargain, and Eumaeus refuses any killing of a guest.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: sacrifice and shared meal
  summary: The swineherds bring in pigs; Eumaeus orders a sacrifice, prays for Ulysses'
    return, slaughters and cooks the pig with his men, sets apart a divine portion,
    distributes the meal, and honors the stranger.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: return of the absent master
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: Eumaeus discusses the absent master Ulysses, rejects reports, and later prays
    for Ulysses to return home.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage treats the return as expected or doubted in speech and prayer,
    not as an accomplished event within this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
  label: guest protected by sacred hospitality
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Eumaeus treats the stranger kindly out of respect for Jove as god of hospitality
    and refuses to kill a received guest.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage specifically concerns hospitality
    rather than a formal exchange contract.
- id: motif:3
  label: divine release from bonds and escape by water
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: In the stranger's story, the gods undo his bonds, allowing him to escape
    the ship by sliding into the sea and swimming ashore.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a reported story within the dialogue, not independently confirmed
    by the passage narration.
- id: motif:4
  label: oath or wager before the gods
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Ulysses proposes a bargain about the master's return and calls all the gods
    in heaven to witness it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The proposed bargain is spoken but not accepted as a completed agreement
    in this excerpt.
- id: motif:5
  label: animal sacrifice preceding communal meal
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: Eumaeus orders a pig sacrificed for the stranger, offers bristles and portions
    to divine recipients, prays, and distributes roasted meat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives ritual details but no extended theological explanation
    beyond prayers and divine portions.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage supports comparison to a broad 'return' motif pattern through
    repeated speech and prayer concerning the absent master's homecoming.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: motif_family:return
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The return is anticipated and debated here, not narrated as completed
    in this passage.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The hospitable treatment of a vulnerable stranger can be compared by function
    to a sacred hospitality or protected-guest pattern.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: motif_family:sacred_exchange
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The available taxonomy does not include a specific hospitality motif;
    'sacred_exchange' is an approximate functional category.
- id: claim:3
  claim: The slaughter and apportionment of the pig supports comparison to the broad
    sacrifice motif family.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: motif_family:sacrifice
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The claim is limited to ritual animal sacrifice and communal distribution
    within this passage.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6374-6390
  quote_or_summary: The stranger says conspirators meant to sell him as a slave, stripped
    him, dressed him in rags, bound him on the ship, and that the gods freed his bonds
    so he escaped by sea and hid near a wood before reaching a good man's door.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6391-6410
  quote_or_summary: Eumaeus says he doubts the stranger's claims about Ulysses, describes
    Ulysses as absent and carried away by storm winds, and notes that Penelope calls
    him when news about Ulysses arrives.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 6411-6421
  quote_or_summary: Eumaeus says he will treat the stranger kindly only "out of respect
    for Jove the god of hospitality" and from fear and pity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6422-6430
  quote_or_summary: 'Ulysses proposes that all the gods witness a bargain: if the
    master comes home, he receives clothing and passage; if not, Eumaeus'' men may
    throw him from a precipice as a warning to lying tramps.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6431-6436
  quote_or_summary: Eumaeus says he would be disgraced if he killed the stranger after
    receiving him into his hut and showing him hospitality.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6437-6451
  quote_or_summary: The swineherds bring in pigs for the night; Eumaeus orders the
    best pig sacrificed for the stranger, cuts firewood, has a five-year-old boar
    brought to the altar, throws facial bristles into the fire, and prays for Ulysses'
    return.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6451-6461
  quote_or_summary: The pig is stunned, slaughtered, singed, cut up, prepared with
    fat and barley meal, roasted, divided into seven portions, with one set apart
    for Mercury and the nymphs, and Ulysses receives an honored loin portion.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6462-6464
  quote_or_summary: Eumaeus invites the stranger to eat and says that God grants and
    withholds as he chooses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal extraction is straightforward. Some motif taxonomy assignments are
    broad approximations because the available taxonomy has no specific hospitality
    or oath-wager category.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only supplied passage and metadata. Comparisons are limited to available motif families and passage-supported functions.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg__l6374-l6464
  passage_sha256=4da6b6dd62ef6e65941e50144b1c8f382f9ea661130379a7ed5f6d5f79b05a07