Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg-l4588-l4678

batch.motif.greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg-l4588-l4678

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg-l4588-l4678
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK VIII / BOOK IX / BOOK X / AEOLUS, THE LAESTRYGONES, CIRCE.; lines 4588-4678
  start: '4588'
  end: '4678'
  translation: The Odyssey
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Ulysses requires Circe to swear not to harm him before he sleeps with her.
    Circe's servants bathe, dress, and feed him, but he refuses to eat until his companions
    are restored. Circe uses her wand and a second drug to return the men from pig
    form to human form, improved in appearance. Ulysses returns to the ship, tells
    the remaining men to secure the vessel and property in a cave, and leads them
    toward Circe's house. Eurylochus warns against going, comparing the danger to
    the Cyclops episode, but the group proceeds and Eurylochus follows after being
    reprimanded.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Ulysses says he will not go to bed with Circe unless she first swears a solemn
    oath not to plot further harm against him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Circe swears as Ulysses asks, and after the oath Ulysses goes to bed with
    her.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Circe has four housemaid servants described as children of groves, fountains,
    and holy waters running down to the sea.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The servants prepare seats, tables, wine, water, a cauldron, fire, a bath,
    clothing, hand-washing water, bread, and other food for Ulysses.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Ulysses refuses to eat or drink and remains suspicious until his friends are
    set free and he sees them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Circe goes through the court with her wand, opens the pigsty doors, and the
    men come out in hog form.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Circe anoints each transformed man with a second drug; their bristles fall
    off, and they become human again, younger, taller, and better looking than before.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The restored men recognize Ulysses, clasp his hand, and weep for joy.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: Circe tells Ulysses to return to the sea, draw the ship onto land, hide the
    ship's gear and property in a cave, and return with his men.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: The men at the ship weep before Ulysses returns, then rejoice at seeing him
    as if they had reached Ithaca.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: Eurylochus warns the men not to go to Circe's house, saying she may turn them
    into pigs, wolves, or lions to guard her house.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: Eurylochus invokes the Cyclops cave episode as a warning and blames Ulysses'
    folly for the loss of men there.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:13
  text: Ulysses considers killing Eurylochus, but the men intercede; Eurylochus ultimately
    follows the group inland.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Ulysses
  description: Leader who negotiates an oath with Circe, refuses food until his men
    are freed, returns to the ship, and reprimands Eurylochus.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Circe
  description: Woman with a wand and drugs who had turned Ulysses' men into pigs and
    then restores them; she hosts Ulysses and gives instructions about the ship and
    cave.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Ulysses' transformed companions
  description: Men changed into pigs or hogs who are restored to human form and recognize
    Ulysses.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Circe's four servants
  description: Housemaids described as children of groves, fountains, and holy waters,
    who prepare bath, food, drink, and furnishings.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Men at the ship
  description: Companions waiting by the ship who mourn, rejoice when Ulysses returns,
    and then go inland toward Circe's house.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Eurylochus
  description: A near relation of Ulysses who tries to restrain the men from going
    to Circe's house and recalls the Cyclops episode.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: wary negotiator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He makes Circe swear not to harm him before agreeing to intimacy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: leader demanding companions' release
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He refuses food and drink until his friends are freed and later directs the
    men to secure the ship.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: enchanting captor and restorer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: She had transformed the men into pigs and then uses wand and drug to restore
    them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: host
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Her household prepares bathing, seating, drink, bread, and other food for
    Ulysses.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: restored companions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: They emerge from the pigsty in animal form and become men again after Circe's
    second drug.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: attendant nature-born servants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: They are identified as housemaids and children of groves, fountains, and
    holy waters, and they serve Ulysses.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: waiting ship companions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: They remain at the ship, mourn, rejoice at Ulysses' return, and then prepare
    to go to Circe's house.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: dissenting counselor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: He warns the group not to enter Circe's house and invokes the Cyclops disaster.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: solemn oath
  literal_form: spoken oath by Circe not to plot further harm
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: wand
  literal_form: Circe's wand carried when opening the pigsty doors
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:3
  label: second drug
  literal_form: drug applied by Circe to the transformed men to remove bristles and
    restore human form
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: pig or hog form
  literal_form: men appearing as pigs or prime hogs before restoration
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: bath water and cauldron fire
  literal_form: boiling cauldron, fire, mixed hot and cold water, and bath
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:6
  label: hospitality meal
  literal_form: wine mixed with water, golden cups, bread, tables, and food
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:7
  label: cave storage place
  literal_form: cave where ship's gear and property are to be hidden
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - cave
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: ship drawn onto land
  literal_form: ship at the sea shore to be hauled onto land before the group returns
    inland
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Oath before intimacy
  summary: Ulysses refuses Circe's invitation to bed until she swears not to harm
    him; after the oath, he sleeps with her.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Bath and meal offered, but refused
  summary: Circe's nature-born servants bathe, clothe, seat, and serve Ulysses, but
    he refuses to eat or drink while his companions remain captive.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Restoration of transformed men
  summary: Circe opens the pigsty, applies a second drug to the men, and they change
    from hog form back into improved human form; they recognize Ulysses and weep.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Return to the ship and instructions to secure property
  summary: Circe tells Ulysses to draw the ship onto land and hide gear in a cave;
    Ulysses returns to the shore, reunites with the waiting men, and repeats the instructions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Eurylochus' warning and reluctant following
  summary: Eurylochus tries to stop the men from going to Circe's house, warning of
    further transformations and citing the Cyclops episode. Ulysses considers violence,
    the men intercede, and Eurylochus follows after all.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: human-to-animal transformation and restoration
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Circe's men had been made into pigs; she uses a second drug to remove the
    animal traits and restore them as men.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage emphasizes Circe's magical transformation of others rather
    than Circe herself changing shape.
- id: motif:2
  label: harm-preventing oath before union
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Ulysses requires a solemn oath of non-harm before agreeing to go to bed with
    Circe.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy fit is interpretive; the text presents a negotiated oath
    and sexual encounter, not an explicit ritual exchange.
- id: motif:3
  label: refusal of hospitality until companions are released
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Ulysses refuses food and drink in Circe's house until his friends are freed
    and brought before him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family precisely names this pattern.
- id: motif:4
  label: cave used for concealment of travel goods
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Circe and Ulysses instruct the men to hide ship gear and property in a cave
    before returning inland.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The cave functions as storage in this passage, not as a full cave-adventure
    setting.
- id: motif:5
  label: fear of repeated monster-house entrapment
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Eurylochus warns that entering Circe's house may lead to animal transformation
    and explicitly recalls the earlier Cyclops cave disaster.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a speech-based warning within the narrative rather than a completed
    repeated event in the passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: Eurylochus explicitly frames Circe's house as comparable in danger to the
    Cyclops cave episode, using the earlier loss of comrades as a warning against
    entering another threatening dwelling.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Odyssey Cyclops cave episode within the same epic tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is made by a character's speech; it does not prove that
    the two episodes share all narrative details or historical origins.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4588-4597
  quote_or_summary: Ulysses says he will not go to bed with Circe unless she swears
    not to harm him; she swears, and he then goes to bed with her.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4598-4621
  quote_or_summary: Circe's four servants, described as children of groves, fountains,
    and holy waters, prepare furnishings, wine, boiling water, a bath, clothing, washing
    water, bread, and other food for Ulysses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4622-4635
  quote_or_summary: Circe asks why Ulysses refuses meat and drink; Ulysses answers
    that no right-minded man would eat or drink until his friends are freed and seen
    with his own eyes.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4636-4648
  quote_or_summary: Circe goes with her wand, opens the pigsty, and the men come out
    as hogs; she anoints each with a second drug, their bristles fall away, and they
    become men again, younger, taller, and better looking.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4648-4654
  quote_or_summary: Circe tells Ulysses to return to the sea, draw the ship onto land,
    hide the ship's gear and property in a cave, and return with his men.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4655-4668
  quote_or_summary: Ulysses returns to the shore and finds the men at the ship weeping;
    they rejoice at his return as if safely home in Ithaca, and he tells them to secure
    the ship and go with him to Circe's house.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4669-4674
  quote_or_summary: Eurylochus warns against going to Circe's house, saying she will
    turn them into pigs, wolves, or lions, and recalls how the Cyclops treated comrades
    who entered his cave with Ulysses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4675-4678
  quote_or_summary: Ulysses considers killing Eurylochus, but the men intercede; the
    group goes inland, and Eurylochus follows because he fears Ulysses' reprimand.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek/project-gutenberg/odyssey-butler.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; excerpt summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Core extraction is directly supported by the passage. Motif taxonomy assignments
    are limited where supplied taxonomy labels do not precisely match the local narrative
    pattern.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata; comparison claim is limited to the explicit Cyclops comparison voiced by Eurylochus.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-odyssey-butler-gutenberg__l4588-l4678
  passage_sha256=928e78853bde60a1ae9d14351bd15b4ef4f52f549fa6103c1c6b0ada17c3a5c4