Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l8170-l8264

batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l8170-l8264

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l8170-l8264
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE ARGONAUTS. / STORY OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE. / PELOPS. / HERACLES (HERCULES).;
    lines 8170-8264
  start: '8170'
  end: '8264'
  translation: Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Heracles accidentally kills Iphitus during a fit of madness, wanders seeking
    purification, restores Alcestis after a struggle with Death, and seeks relief
    at Delphi. After seizing the Delphic tripod when refused an oracle, he is stopped
    by Apollo and Zeus and ordered to expiate his crime through three years of slavery
    under Omphale. Omphale frees him and offers marriage and rule; he spends time
    in role-reversing luxury before resuming vengeance against Laomedon and Augeas.
    He takes Troy, kills Laomedon, gives Hesione to Telamon, and Podarces is ransomed
    with a golden diadem and renamed Priam. Heracles then kills Augeas and his sons
    but spares Phyleus. He wins Deianeira from the shapeshifting river-god Achelous,
    later accidentally kills a serving youth, and voluntarily leaves for Trachin with
    Deianeira and Hyllus.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Heracles and Iphitus set out to search for a missing herd and climbed a tower
    near Tiryns to look over the surrounding country.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: While on the tower, Heracles was seized by madness, mistook Iphitus for an
    enemy, threw him down, and Iphitus died.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Heracles wandered in search of someone to purify him from the murder of Iphitus.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: During these wanderings, Heracles reached Admetus's palace and restored Alcestis
    to her husband after a struggle with Death.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: At Delphi, the priestess first refused Heracles a response because he had
    murdered Iphitus.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Heracles seized and carried off the tripod, saying that he would construct
    an oracle for himself.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Apollo defended his sanctuary, fought with Heracles, and Zeus ended the combat
    by flashing lightning between them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: The Pythia ordered Heracles to be sold by Hermes for three years as a slave,
    with the purchase-money assigned as compensation to Eurytus.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: Heracles served Omphale, rid her territory of robbers, and performed other
    services requiring strength and courage.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: In Omphale's palace, Omphale wore Heracles' lion skin and helmet while Heracles
    wore female garments, sat at her feet, spun wool, and recounted his adventures.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: After his bondage ended, Heracles left Omphale's palace and prepared revenge
    against Laomedon and Augeas.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: Heracles sailed to Troy with companions, took the city, and killed Laomedon.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:13
  text: Hesione ransomed her brother Podarces with her golden diadem, after which
    he bore the name Priam, explained as the ransomed one.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:14
  text: Heracles attacked Elis, killed Augeas and his sons, spared Phyleus, and gave
    Phyleus the vacant throne.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:15
  text: Heracles and Achelous competed for Deianeira in single combat; Achelous relied
    on changing forms and finally became a bull, but Heracles broke off one horn and
    forced his defeat.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:16
  text: At a banquet, Heracles accidentally struck a serving youth on the head and
    killed him; the youth's father absolved him, but Heracles chose exile according
    to local law.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Heracles
  description: Hero who kills Iphitus in madness, seeks purification, seizes the Delphic
    tripod, serves Omphale, takes vengeance, wins Deianeira, and later goes into exile
    after an accidental killing.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Iphitus
  description: Heracles' young friend, killed when Heracles mistakes him for an enemy.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Admetus
  description: Friend of Heracles whose wife Alcestis is restored to him.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Alcestis
  description: Wife of Admetus restored to her husband by Heracles after a struggle
    with Death.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Death
  description: Personified opponent in the struggle after which Alcestis is restored.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Pythia / priestess at Delphi
  description: Priestess who refuses and then gives Heracles an oracle commanding
    expiatory slavery.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Apollo
  description: God who defends his sanctuary when Heracles seizes the tripod.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Zeus
  description: God who ends the struggle between Heracles and Apollo by flashing lightning
    between them.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Hermes
  description: God appointed to sell Heracles as a slave.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Omphale
  description: Queen of Lydia who buys Heracles, receives his service, frees him,
    offers marriage and kingdom, and dons his lion skin and helmet.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Eurytus
  description: Intended recipient of compensation for the death of his son Iphitus,
    though he declines the money.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Laomedon
  description: King at Troy whom Heracles kills in vengeance.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Telamon
  description: Follower of Heracles who receives Hesione in marriage.
  role_refs:
  - role:18
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Hesione
  description: Daughter of Laomedon who ransoms her brother Podarces with a golden
    diadem.
  role_refs:
  - role:19
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Podarces / Priam
  description: Brother of Hesione, prisoner of war ransomed with a golden diadem and
    thereafter called Priam.
  role_refs:
  - role:20
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: Augeas
  description: Enemy against whom Heracles takes vengeance by storming Elis and killing
    him and his sons.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: fig:17
  name_or_label: Phyleus
  description: Son or advocate of Augeas spared by Heracles and given his father's
    throne.
  role_refs:
  - role:21
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:18
  name_or_label: Deianeira
  description: Daughter of Oeneus, wooed and won by Heracles, later travelling with
    him to Trachin.
  role_refs:
  - role:22
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:19
  name_or_label: Achelous
  description: River-god and rival suitor who can assume various forms and is defeated
    by Heracles after becoming a bull.
  role_refs:
  - role:23
  - role:24
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: fig:20
  name_or_label: Oeneus
  description: King of Aetolia, father of Deianeira, and host of the banquet at which
    Heracles accidentally kills a youth.
  role_refs:
  - role:25
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:21
  name_or_label: Serving youth
  description: Noble-born youth serving at Oeneus's banquet, accidentally killed by
    Heracles.
  role_refs:
  - role:26
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:22
  name_or_label: Father of the serving youth
  description: Witness who recognizes the death as accidental and absolves Heracles
    from blame.
  role_refs:
  - role:27
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:23
  name_or_label: Hyllus
  description: Young son of Heracles who accompanies Heracles and Deianeira toward
    Trachin.
  role_refs:
  - role:28
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: fig:24
  name_or_label: King Ceyx
  description: Friend whom Heracles intends to visit at Trachin.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: hero
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage repeatedly calls Heracles the hero and centers his actions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: killer seeking purification
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Heracles kills Iphitus and wanders seeking purification from the murder.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: sacrilegious oracle-seizer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Heracles carries off the tripod after being refused a Delphic response.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: expiatory slave
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The Pythia orders him sold as a slave for three years in expiation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: avenger and conqueror
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Heracles attacks Laomedon, Troy, Augeas, and Elis in vengeance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:6
  label: friend and victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Iphitus is Heracles' friend and is killed by him during madness.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:7
  label: host or friend
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:24
  basis: Admetus and Ceyx are identified as friends connected with Heracles' visits.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:12
- id: role:8
  label: restored wife
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Alcestis is restored to Admetus by Heracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: personified death-opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Death is named as the opponent in Heracles' struggle over Alcestis.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:10
  label: oracle-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The priestess refuses and later gives an oracular command.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:11
  label: sanctuary defender
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Apollo comes down to defend his sanctuary against Heracles' sacrilege.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:12
  label: divine mediator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Zeus ends the fight by flashing lightning between Heracles and Apollo.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:13
  label: divine seller or conductor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Hermes is to sell Heracles and conducts him to Omphale.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:14
  label: queen and purchaser
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Omphale is queen of Lydia and pays three talents for Heracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:15
  label: mistress and liberator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Omphale frees Heracles, offers marriage and kingdom, and participates in
    the palace role reversal.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:16
  label: compensation recipient or rejecter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Eurytus is offered the purchase-money as compensation but declines it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:17
  label: target of vengeance
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  - fig:16
  basis: Laomedon and Augeas are named as targets of Heracles' revenge.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:18
  label: rewarded follower
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: Telamon receives Hesione in marriage from Heracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:19
  label: ransom-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Hesione gives her golden diadem to ransom Podarces.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:20
  label: ransomed prisoner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:15
  basis: Podarces is a prisoner of war ransomed by Hesione and renamed Priam.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:21
  label: spared successor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:17
  basis: Heracles spares Phyleus and gives him the vacant throne.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:22
  label: contested bride and wife
  assigned_to:
  - fig:18
  basis: Deianeira is wooed by Heracles and contested by Achelous; later she accompanies
    Heracles as wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:23
  label: shapeshifting rival suitor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:19
  basis: Achelous competes for Deianeira and trusts in his ability to assume forms.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:24
  label: river-god
  assigned_to:
  - fig:19
  basis: The passage identifies Achelous as the river-god.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:25
  label: king and father-in-law
  assigned_to:
  - fig:20
  basis: Oeneus is king of Aetolia, father of Deianeira, and father-in-law of Heracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:26
  label: accidental victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:21
  basis: The serving youth is killed by Heracles' accidental blow.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: role:27
  label: absolving witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:22
  basis: The father witnesses the death and absolves Heracles because it was accidental.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: role:28
  label: accompanying son
  assigned_to:
  - fig:23
  basis: Hyllus is named as Heracles' young son accompanying the journey to Trachin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: tower lookout
  literal_form: Tower near Tiryns used to search the surrounding country for the missing
    herd.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Delphic tripod
  literal_form: Tripod seized and carried off by Heracles after the priestess refuses
    a response.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: oracle sanctuary
  literal_form: Temple of Delphi and Apollo's sanctuary where the conflict over the
    tripod occurs.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: Zeus's lightning
  literal_form: Lightning flashed between Heracles and Apollo to stop their combat.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: expiatory sale price
  literal_form: Three talents paid for Heracles as a slave and directed as compensation
    for Iphitus.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: lion skin and helmet
  literal_form: Heracles' lion skin and helmet worn playfully by Omphale.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:7
  label: female garments and spinning wool
  literal_form: Female garments worn by Heracles while he sits at Omphale's feet spinning
    wool.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: fleet to Troy
  literal_form: Fleet of vessels collected by Heracles for the attack on Troy.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:9
  label: golden diadem ransom
  literal_form: Hesione's golden diadem handed over to ransom Podarces.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:10
  label: bull form and broken horn
  literal_form: Achelous' final bull form and the horn broken off by Heracles.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:19
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:11
  label: river-god
  literal_form: Achelous identified as a river-god.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:19
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Madness and death on the tower
  summary: Heracles and Iphitus search from a tower near Tiryns; Heracles is seized
    by madness, mistakes Iphitus for an enemy, and kills him by throwing him down.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Purification wandering and restoration of Alcestis
  summary: Heracles wanders seeking purification for Iphitus's death and, during the
    wanderings, restores Alcestis to Admetus after struggling with Death.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Conflict at Delphi
  summary: Heracles seeks an oracle, is refused by the priestess, seizes the tripod,
    fights Apollo, and is stopped by Zeus's lightning.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Oracular expiation through slavery
  summary: The Pythia commands that Heracles be sold by Hermes for three years as
    a slave, with the price paid as compensation for Iphitus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Heracles in Omphale's palace
  summary: Heracles serves Omphale, frees her territory from robbers, is liberated
    by her, and later participates in a role reversal in which Omphale wears his heroic
    gear and he wears female garments and spins wool.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Return to vengeance
  summary: After his term of bondage ends, Heracles leaves Omphale and prepares revenge
    against Laomedon and Augeas.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:12
  - fig:16
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:7
  label: Fall of Troy and ransom of Podarces
  summary: Heracles sails to Troy, captures the city, kills Laomedon, gives Hesione
    to Telamon, and allows Hesione to ransom Podarces with a golden diadem, leading
    to the name Priam.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:8
  label: Vengeance against Augeas
  summary: Heracles storms Elis, kills Augeas and his sons, spares Phyleus, and gives
    him the throne.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: scene:9
  label: Contest for Deianeira
  summary: Heracles contests Achelous for Deianeira; Achelous changes forms and becomes
    a bull, but Heracles breaks a horn and wins the combat.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:18
  - fig:19
  - fig:20
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:10
  - sym:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: scene:10
  label: Accidental banquet killing and exile
  summary: At Oeneus's banquet Heracles accidentally kills a serving youth, is absolved
    by the youth's father, but chooses exile and leaves for Trachin with Deianeira
    and Hyllus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:18
  - fig:20
  - fig:21
  - fig:22
  - fig:23
  - fig:24
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: madness-caused mistaken killing
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Heracles' madness causes him to mistake a friend for an enemy and kill him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names madness or mistaken killing.
- id: motif:2
  label: pollution, purification, and expiation after killing
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Heracles seeks purification after killing Iphitus and receives an oracular
    expiation requiring three years of slavery and compensation money.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage frames expiation and compensation rather than an explicit
    sacrificial rite.
- id: motif:3
  label: heroic struggle with Death to restore a beloved
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: Heracles restores Alcestis to Admetus after a struggle with Death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This passage only briefly alludes to the Alcestis episode and says details
    were related earlier.
- id: motif:4
  label: sacred theft from an oracle
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_theft
  basis: Heracles seizes the Delphic tripod when the priestess refuses him a response.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The object is a sanctuary implement; the passage calls the act sacrilege.
- id: motif:5
  label: divine combat stopped by higher divine arbitration
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Apollo and Heracles fight over the sanctuary, and Zeus ends the combat with
    lightning.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents intervention and cessation of combat rather than
    a formal trial.
- id: motif:6
  label: hero's temporary servitude as expiation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Heracles submits to being sold as a slave for three years, and the purchase
    price is assigned as compensation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The servitude is punitive and expiatory; initiation is only a broad possible
    family fit.
- id: motif:7
  label: role reversal of heroic arms and feminine labor
  taxonomy_refs:
  - duality
  basis: Omphale wears Heracles' lion skin and helmet while Heracles wears female
    garments and spins wool at her feet.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy specifically names gender role reversal or travesty.
- id: motif:8
  label: return of heroic agency after bondage
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: When the term of bondage expires, Heracles leaves Omphale's palace and resumes
    independent action and vengeance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a return to action rather than a completed homecoming narrative.
- id: motif:9
  label: vengeance against oath-breakers or treacherous rulers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Heracles attacks and kills Laomedon and Augeas as retribution for their treacherous
    or perfidious conduct.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage uses moral language of retribution but does not state a divine
    sentence.
- id: motif:10
  label: ransom naming of a royal survivor
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Podarces is ransomed with Hesione's golden diadem and thereafter bears the
    name Priam, explained as the ransomed one.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage explains the name but does not elaborate later royal legitimacy.
- id: motif:11
  label: combat for a bride against a shapeshifting river-god
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  - sacred_marriage
  - water
  basis: Heracles wins Deianeira through single combat with Achelous, who can assume
    forms and finally becomes a bull.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy list includes water only as a symbol, not a motif family;
    sacred_marriage is a broad fit for bride-winning contest.
- id: motif:12
  label: accidental killing followed by voluntary exile
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Heracles accidentally kills a youth at a banquet, is absolved by the father,
    but chooses to banish himself according to local law.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The departure is legal and ethical rather than explicitly divinely commanded.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8170-8178
  quote_or_summary: Heracles and Iphitus search for a missing herd from a tower near
    Tiryns; Heracles is seized by madness, mistakes Iphitus for an enemy, hurls him
    down, and Iphitus dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8179-8185
  quote_or_summary: Heracles wanders seeking purification for Iphitus's murder and
    reaches Admetus's palace, where he restores Alcestis after a struggle with Death.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8186-8198
  quote_or_summary: At Delphi the priestess refuses Heracles an oracle because of
    Iphitus's murder; Heracles seizes the tripod, Apollo defends the sanctuary, and
    Zeus stops the struggle with lightning.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8198-8203
  quote_or_summary: The Pythia commands Heracles to expiate the crime by being sold
    by Hermes for three years as a slave, with the price given to Eurytus as compensation.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8204-8214
  quote_or_summary: Heracles submits, is conducted by Hermes to Omphale of Lydia,
    is bought for three talents, and later performs strong and courageous services
    for Omphale, including clearing robbers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8215-8223
  quote_or_summary: Omphale learns her slave is Heracles, frees him, offers marriage
    and kingdom, and in her palace wears his lion skin and helmet while he wears female
    garments and spins wool.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8224-8230
  quote_or_summary: When the term of bondage expires, Heracles leaves Omphale's palace
    and resolves to take revenge against Laomedon and Augeas.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8231-8236
  quote_or_summary: Heracles gathers companions, collects a fleet, sails to Troy,
    takes the city, and kills Laomedon.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8237-8246
  quote_or_summary: Heracles gives Hesione to Telamon; Hesione chooses to release
    Podarces and ransoms him with her golden diadem, after which he is called Priam,
    the ransomed one.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8247-8252
  quote_or_summary: Heracles attacks Augeas, storms Elis, kills Augeas and his sons,
    spares Phyleus, and gives Phyleus the throne.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8253-8260
  quote_or_summary: Heracles woos Deianeira and fights Achelous, a river-god and rival
    suitor who changes forms; after Achelous becomes a bull, Heracles breaks off a
    horn and wins.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8261-8264
  quote_or_summary: At Oeneus's banquet Heracles accidentally kills a noble serving
    youth; although the father absolves him, Heracles chooses legal exile and leaves
    for Trachin with Deianeira and Hyllus.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied English passage. Motif-family assignments
    are cautious where supplied taxonomy labels are broader than the passage details.
    No comparison claims were made because the passage itself does not support external
    comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All evidence is summarized from the public-domain passage. Taxonomy references are limited to supplied available refs; one candidate motif uses water as a symbolic association in its label basis but not as a motif-family taxonomy reference beyond the supplied context.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg__l8170-l8264
  passage_sha256=4efac5afba0ae7c7004f01a188375089855628e761d665787102985c444332d8