Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l7535-l7585

batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l7535-l7585

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l7535-l7585
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
passage_locator:
  label: PERSEUS. / THE ARGONAUTS. / STORY OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE. / PELOPS.; lines
    7535-7585
  start: '7535'
  end: '7585'
  translation: Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Pelops, exiled from Phrygia, comes to Greece and seeks to marry Hippodamia,
    daughter of Oenomaus. Because an oracle has warned Oenomaus that he will die on
    the day of his daughter's marriage, he requires suitors to defeat him in a chariot
    race and kills those he overtakes. Pelops prays to Poseidon, receives a chariot
    with winged horses, wins when Poseidon disables Oenomaus's chariot, rescues Hippodamia
    from a lightning-struck burning castle, marries her, and reigns in Pisa.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Pelops is described as the son of Tantalus and as a pious and virtuous prince.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: After Tantalus is banished into Tartarus, Pelops is defeated by the king of
    Troy and leaves Phrygia for Greece.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: At the court of Oenomaus, Pelops sees Hippodamia and desires to marry her.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: An oracle has foretold that Oenomaus will die on the day of his daughter's
    marriage.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:5
  text: Oenomaus requires Hippodamia's suitors to defeat him in a chariot race and
    kills unsuccessful competitors.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: The race course runs from Pisa to the altar of Poseidon at Corinth.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:7
  text: Oenomaus begins only after completing a sacrifice to Zeus, while the suitor
    is allowed to start earlier.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:8
  text: Oenomaus's chariot is guided by Myrtilus and drawn by the horses Phylla and
    Harpinna.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:9
  text: Pelops prays to Poseidon at the seashore before the race.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:10
  text: Poseidon sends Pelops a chariot drawn by two winged horses from the deep.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:11
  text: During the race, Poseidon causes the wheels of Oenomaus's chariot to come
    off, and Oenomaus is killed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:12
  text: Pelops sees flames from the royal castle after it is struck by lightning and
    rescues Hippodamia from the burning building.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:13
  text: Pelops and Hippodamia marry, and Pelops reigns in Pisa for many years.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Pelops
  description: Son of Tantalus; a pious and virtuous prince who becomes a suitor of
    Hippodamia, receives aid from Poseidon, rescues Hippodamia, marries her, and reigns
    in Pisa.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Tantalus
  description: Father of Pelops, described as cruel and banished into Tartarus.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Oenomaus
  description: King of Elis and father of Hippodamia; imposes the chariot-race condition
    on suitors and is killed during the race.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Hippodamia
  description: Daughter of Oenomaus, loved by Pelops, rescued from a burning castle,
    and later married to Pelops.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Poseidon
  description: Sea-god who answers Pelops's prayer, sends him a chariot with winged
    horses, and aids him during the race.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Zeus
  description: Deity to whom Oenomaus performs a sacrifice before entering the race.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Myrtilus
  description: Skilful guide of Oenomaus's chariot.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Phylla and Harpinna
  description: Two famous horses of Oenomaus, said to surpass the winds in swiftness.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: exiled prince
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pelops is defeated and forced to leave Phrygia for Greece.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: bride-seeking suitor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pelops announces himself as a suitor for Hippodamia despite the deadly contest.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: divinely aided contestant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Poseidon sends him a winged-horse chariot and intervenes in the race.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: rescuer and future ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pelops rescues Hippodamia, marries her, and reigns in Pisa.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: banished father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Tantalus is Pelops's father and is banished into Tartarus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: obstructing father-king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Oenomaus blocks suitors because of the oracle concerning his daughter's marriage.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:7
  label: deadly race opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Oenomaus races suitors and kills those he overtakes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: king's daughter and intended bride
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Hippodamia is Oenomaus's daughter and the woman Pelops seeks to marry.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:9
  label: rescued bride
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Pelops rescues Hippodamia from the burning royal castle before their marriage.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: divine helper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Poseidon answers Pelops's prayer, provides the chariot, and disables Oenomaus's
    chariot.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:11
  label: recipient of sacrifice
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Oenomaus performs a sacrifice to Zeus before mounting his chariot.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: role:12
  label: charioteer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Myrtilus guides Oenomaus's chariot.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:13
  label: supernaturally swift team
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Phylla and Harpinna draw Oenomaus's chariot and are described as surpassing
    the winds.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: oracle of death at marriage
  literal_form: oracle foretelling Oenomaus's death on the day of Hippodamia's marriage
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: chariot race course
  literal_form: race from Pisa to the altar of Poseidon at Corinth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: altar of Poseidon
  literal_form: goal of the race at Corinth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: sea and deep
  literal_form: seashore prayer and chariot sent out of the deep
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: winged-horse chariot
  literal_form: chariot drawn by two winged horses sent by Poseidon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:6
  label: spear of Oenomaus
  literal_form: spear carried by Oenomaus when overtaking competitors
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: fire and lightning at the royal castle
  literal_form: flames from the royal castle after lightning strikes it
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Exile and arrival at Oenomaus's court
  summary: After leaving Phrygia, Pelops comes to Greece, sees Hippodamia at Oenomaus's
    court, and becomes her suitor despite the oracle affecting her father.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Deadly conditions of the chariot contest
  summary: Oenomaus sets a race from Pisa to Poseidon's altar at Corinth; he sacrifices
    to Zeus before beginning, then overtakes and kills unsuccessful suitors with his
    spear.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Prayer to Poseidon and gift of the winged team
  summary: Pelops prays at the seashore, and Poseidon sends a chariot drawn by two
    winged horses from the deep.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Race and death of Oenomaus
  summary: Oenomaus nearly overtakes Pelops, but Poseidon causes the king's chariot
    wheels to fly off, killing Oenomaus as Pelops reaches the altar.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Rescue, marriage, and reign
  summary: Pelops sees the royal castle burning after a lightning strike, flies there
    with his winged horses, rescues Hippodamia, marries her, and reigns in Pisa.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: exiled hero's departure to a new land
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Pelops is defeated, forced to leave Phrygia, and emigrates into Greece before
    the central contest begins.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the exile briefly and does not elaborate a full departure
    cycle.
- id: motif:2
  label: perilous bride-winning contest
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Pelops must risk death in a chariot race in order to win Hippodamia, and
    previous suitors have died under the same conditions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The available taxonomy has no exact bride-contest category; 'mystical_quest'
    is an approximate fit because the task is perilous and exceptional.
- id: motif:3
  label: divine aid in a heroic trial
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Poseidon answers Pelops's prayer, provides supernatural horses, and intervenes
    at the decisive moment of the race.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: No more specific supplied taxonomy reference directly covers divine assistance
    in contest.
- id: motif:4
  label: marriage leading to rule
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: After Oenomaus dies and Pelops rescues and marries Hippodamia, Pelops reigns
    in Pisa for many years.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage states the sequence of marriage and reign but does not explicitly
    discuss legal succession or enthronement rites.
- id: motif:5
  label: rescue of beloved from a burning royal house
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: Pelops returns with winged horses and rescues Hippodamia unharmed from the
    burning royal castle before their union.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: low
  cautions: Hippodamia is endangered, not described as stolen or abducted; the taxonomy
    reference is only a loose beloved-in-peril fit.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7535-7545
  quote_or_summary: Pelops is the son of Tantalus; after Tantalus is banished and
    Pelops is defeated, Pelops goes to Greece, sees Hippodamia, and learns that an
    oracle foretold Oenomaus's death on the day of her marriage.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7546-7557
  quote_or_summary: The race is from Pisa to Poseidon's altar at Corinth; the suitor
    starts while Oenomaus sacrifices to Zeus, then Oenomaus races with Myrtilus guiding
    and the horses Phylla and Harpinna drawing his chariot, killing overtaken competitors
    with a spear.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7558-7561
  quote_or_summary: On the eve of the race Pelops prays to Poseidon at the seashore,
    and the sea-god sends him from the deep a chariot drawn by two winged horses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7562-7565
  quote_or_summary: Oenomaus recognizes Poseidon's horses but proceeds, relying on
    his own supernatural team.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7566-7573
  quote_or_summary: During the race Oenomaus nearly overtakes Pelops with spear in
    hand; Poseidon causes the royal chariot wheels to fly off, and Oenomaus is thrown
    out and killed as Pelops reaches Poseidon's altar.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7574-7581
  quote_or_summary: Pelops sees flames from the royal castle after a lightning strike,
    flies there with his winged horses, rescues Hippodamia unharmed, marries her,
    and reigns in Pisa for many years.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is well supported by the supplied passage. Motif mapping
    is partly approximate because the supplied taxonomy lacks exact labels for bride-winning
    race, divine aid, or chariot contest.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly compare this episode with another text, tradition, or motif family beyond the available taxonomy mapping.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg__l7535-l7585
  passage_sha256=82296f58aff39b75e6332ab8f52f13d691ec61c7e2d998b0c295973e60868d40