Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l7240-l7332

batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l7240-l7332

---
record_id: batch.motif.greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg-l7240-l7332
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
passage_locator:
  label: CADMUS. / PERSEUS. / THE ARGONAUTS. / STORY OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE.; lines
    7240-7332
  start: '7240'
  end: '7332'
  translation: Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Aetes sets Jason the task of yoking fire-breathing oxen, ploughing Ares'
    field, sowing dragon's teeth, and destroying the armed men that arise. Medea gives
    Jason protective magic and instructions. Jason completes the task, but Aetes refuses
    the Fleece and plots against the Argonauts. Medea warns the heroes, leads Jason
    to the sacred grove, puts the sleepless dragon to sleep, and Jason takes the Golden
    Fleece from an oak tree before departing on the Argo.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Aetes requires Jason to yoke brazen-footed, fire-breathing oxen, plough Ares'
    stony field, sow dragon's teeth, and destroy the armed men that arise from them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The oxen are described as brazen-footed and fire-breathing, and as made for
    Aetes by Hephaestus.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Argus advises that Jason can succeed only by obtaining Medea's assistance.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Medea is described as a priestess of Hecate and a great enchantress.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Medea gives Jason a magic salve that grants one-day invulnerability to fire
    and steel and invincibility against adversaries.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Medea instructs Jason to throw a huge rock among the armed men so that they
    will fight each other.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Jason promises Medea that he will not return to Greece without taking her
    with him as his wife.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: The oxen rush from a subterranean cave breathing fire and surrounded by smoke.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: Jason yokes the oxen, ploughs the field, sows the dragon's teeth, and drives
    the oxen back to their subterranean stables.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Armed men spring up from the furrows, attack one another after Jason throws
    the rock, and are then killed by Jason.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: Aetes refuses to give Jason the Fleece and plans to destroy the Argonauts
    and burn their vessel.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: Medea boards the Argo at night, warns the heroes, and leads Jason to the sacred
    grove.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:13
  text: The Golden Fleece hangs from the topmost boughs of a tall oak-tree in the
    sacred grove.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:14
  text: A dreadful sleepless dragon watches at the foot of the oak-tree and moves
    toward Jason and Medea with open jaws.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:15
  text: Medea uses a potion to send the dragon into a deep sleep, after which Jason
    climbs the tree and secures the Fleece.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Jason
  description: Hero who undertakes Aetes' task, uses Medea's aid, defeats the earth-born
    warriors, and secures the Golden Fleece.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Aetes
  description: King who sets Jason the trial, refuses the earned Fleece, and plots
    against the Argonauts.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Medea
  description: Princess, priestess of Hecate, and enchantress who loves Jason, gives
    him magic aid, warns the Argonauts, and puts the dragon to sleep.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Argus
  description: Son of Chalciope who explains the difficulty of the task and advises
    Jason to seek Medea's help.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Telamon and Augeas
  description: Jason's two friends who accompany him when he returns to the vessel
    for consultation.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Brazen-footed, fire-breathing oxen
  description: Hephaestus-made oxen belonging to Aetes; Jason must yoke them to a
    plough.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Earth-born armed men
  description: Armed men who arise from the sown dragon's teeth in the furrows and
    are destroyed.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Sleepless dragon
  description: Dreadful dragon guarding the Golden Fleece at the foot of the oak-tree
    in the sacred grove.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Argonauts
  description: Heroes aboard the Argo whom Medea warns of Aetes' plan to destroy them.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: questing hero
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jason undertakes the perilous tasks and obtains the Golden Fleece.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
- id: role:2
  label: hostile task-setter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Aetes sets the dangerous trial and later plots against Jason's company.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
- id: role:3
  label: magical helper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Medea gives Jason a magic salve, strategic instructions, warning, guidance,
    and a potion against the dragon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:4
  label: beloved and promised wife
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage states mutual attachment, and Jason promises to take Medea with
    him as wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: counsellor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Argus explains the task and proposes Medea's aid as the means of success.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: companions
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Telamon and Augeas accompany Jason to consult about the task.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: recipient of magical protection
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jason receives and uses Medea's salve and instructions before the trial.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:8
  label: monstrous draught animals
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The oxen breathe fire, emerge from underground, and must be yoked to plough
    the field.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: generated adversaries
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The armed men arise from the sown dragon's teeth and must be destroyed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: treasure guardian
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The sleepless dragon watches at the foot of the oak-tree where the Golden
    Fleece hangs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:11
  label: threatened crew
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Aetes plans to destroy the Argonauts and burn their vessel; Medea warns them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: fire-breathing oxen
  literal_form: Brazen-footed oxen breathing flames of fire and smoke
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: subterranean cave or stables
  literal_form: Underground place from which the oxen emerge and to which they return
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - cave
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: dragon's teeth
  literal_form: Poisonous teeth of a dragon sown into furrows
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: huge rock
  literal_form: Immense rock thrown among the earth-born warriors
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: magic salve
  literal_form: Protective salve given by Medea for anointing spear and shield
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:6
  label: sacred grove
  literal_form: Grove containing the oak-tree and the Golden Fleece
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: sym:7
  label: oak-tree
  literal_form: Tall oak-tree from whose topmost boughs the Golden Fleece hangs
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: sym:8
  label: Golden Fleece
  literal_form: Beautiful Fleece hanging from the oak-tree and secured by Jason
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: sym:9
  label: sleepless dragon
  literal_form: Dreadful dragon keeping watch at the foot of the oak-tree
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: sym:10
  label: sleep potion
  literal_form: Potion drops cast by Medea that put the dragon into deep sleep
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: sym:11
  label: Argo
  literal_form: Vessel of the Argonauts that departs after the Fleece is secured
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Aetes assigns the trial
  summary: Aetes tells Jason to yoke fire-breathing oxen, plough Ares' field, sow
    dragon's teeth, and destroy the armed men that arise.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Consultation and Medea's aid
  summary: Argus recommends seeking Medea's assistance; Medea meets Jason, gives him
    magic salve, explains the rock stratagem, and receives Jason's promise of marriage.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Ploughing Ares' field
  summary: Jason faces the fire-breathing oxen from the subterranean cave, yokes them,
    ploughs the field, and sows the dragon's teeth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Earth-born warriors destroyed
  summary: Armed men arise from the furrows; Jason throws a rock among them, they
    fight each other, and Jason kills the survivors.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Aetes' treachery and Medea's warning
  summary: Aetes refuses the Fleece and plans to destroy the Argonauts; Medea warns
    the heroes at night and leads Jason toward the sacred grove.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: The Fleece taken from the guarded oak
  summary: In the sacred grove, the Golden Fleece hangs from an oak-tree guarded by
    a sleepless dragon; Medea puts the dragon to sleep, and Jason climbs the tree
    and secures the Fleece.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Perilous quest for a guarded treasure
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Jason must complete superhuman trials and then obtain the Golden Fleece from
    a sacred grove guarded by a sleepless dragon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy label is broad; the passage presents an adventure quest rather
    than an explicitly mystical initiation.
- id: motif:2
  label: Impossible tasks overcome through magical helper
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  basis: Jason faces lethal tasks set by Aetes and succeeds through Medea's magic
    salve, instructions, and potion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not explicitly call the tasks an initiation; the motif
    assignment is functional.
- id: motif:3
  label: Dragon or serpent guardian of treasure
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: A sleepless dragon keeps watch at the foot of the tree where the Golden Fleece
    hangs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: The creature is called a dragon, not explicitly a serpent, though the
    available taxonomy groups this under serpent.
- id: motif:4
  label: Sown dragon teeth produce armed adversaries
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: Jason sows dragon's teeth in furrows, and armed men arise from them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy reference captures the draconic source of the teeth but not
    the full earth-born warrior episode.
- id: motif:5
  label: Taking a sacred or guarded object after refusal by ruler
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_theft
  basis: After Aetes refuses to give the earned Fleece, Medea and Jason go at night
    to the sacred grove, neutralize the guardian, and take the Golden Fleece.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage frames Jason as having earned the Fleece; the taking is clandestine
    but not simply theft within the narrative's moral framing.
- id: motif:6
  label: Treasure suspended in sacred tree
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_tree_axis
  basis: The Golden Fleece hangs from the topmost boughs of a tall oak-tree in a sacred
    grove.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage contains a sacred tree setting but does not state a world-axis
    or cosmic-tree function.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7240-7246
  quote_or_summary: Aetes' task requires Jason to yoke fire-breathing oxen, plough
    Ares' field, sow poisonous dragon's teeth, and destroy the armed men that arise.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7252-7262
  quote_or_summary: Jason consults with Telamon, Augeas, and Argus; Argus says success
    requires Medea, priestess of Hecate and enchantress.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7264-7276
  quote_or_summary: Medea and Jason confess mutual attachment; she gives him protective
    magic salve and tells him to make the armed men fight over a rock; Jason promises
    to take her as wife.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7278-7286
  quote_or_summary: Aetes and his court watch; Jason enters Ares' field; the oxen
    rush from a subterranean cave breathing fire and smoke.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7288-7294
  quote_or_summary: Relying on Medea's magic, Jason seizes and yokes the oxen, ploughs
    the stony ground, and sows a helmet full of dragon's teeth.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7296-7304
  quote_or_summary: Armed men spring from the furrows; Jason throws a rock among them,
    they attack one another, and he kills them all.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7306-7310
  quote_or_summary: Aetes refuses to give Jason the Fleece and decides to destroy
    the Argonauts and burn their vessel.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7312-7319
  quote_or_summary: Medea learns of Aetes' plan, boards the Argo at night, warns the
    heroes, and leads Jason to the sacred grove.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7319-7325
  quote_or_summary: In the grove, the Golden Fleece hangs from a tall oak-tree; a
    dreadful sleepless dragon watches at the foot of the tree.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 7327-7332
  quote_or_summary: Medea casts potion drops on the dragon, causing deep sleep; Jason
    climbs the tree, secures the Fleece, and they depart on the Argo.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/greek-roman/project-gutenberg/myths-legends-ancient-greece-rome-berens.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary supplied.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is well supported by the supplied passage. Motif labels
    are limited to the provided taxonomy and are broad in places. No comparison claims
    were added because the passage does not itself support comparison with another
    named text or tradition.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata; quotations avoided in favor of concise summaries.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:greek-roman-berens-myths-legends-gutenberg__l7240-l7332
  passage_sha256=ea8b1bb3d240e80a372ba345f43432f10fc13f19ce8cd5eebc03d97fe1aea303