Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley-gutenberg-l315-l333

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley-gutenberg-l315-l333

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley-gutenberg-l315-l333
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK VIII. / BOOK IX. / BOOK X. / BOOK XI.; lines 315-333
  start: '315'
  end: '333'
  translation: The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books VIII-XV
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage summarizes Book XI episodes: Orpheus is killed by Thracian
    women; a serpent attacking his face becomes stone; the women become trees; Bacchus
    goes to Phrygia, where Midas receives and rejects the power to make gold, and
    the Pactolus becomes golden; Apollo gives Midas ass''s ears; several Trojan and
    heroic episodes follow, including Hesione''s rescue, marriages involving Telamon,
    Peleus, and Thetis, transformations into hawk, rock, kingfishers, and a sea bird.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Orpheus is torn to pieces by Thracian women.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A serpent attacks Orpheus's face and is changed into stone.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The Thracian women are transformed into trees by Bacchus.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: Bacchus leaves Thrace and goes to Phrygia.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Midas receives the power of making gold because of his care of Silenus.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Midas comes to loathe the gold-making gift.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:7
  text: When Midas bathes in the river Pactolus, its sands become golden.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:8
  text: Apollo changes Midas's ears into those of an ass because of his stupidity.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: Apollo goes to Troy and helps Laomedon build its walls.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:10
  text: Hercules rescues Hesione when she is fastened to a rock.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: Telamon receives Hesione as his wife.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: Peleus marries the sea Goddess Thetis.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:13
  text: Peleus learns that Dædalion has been changed into a hawk.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:14
  text: Peleus sees a wolf changed into a rock.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:15
  text: Ceyx goes to consult the oracle of Claros and dies in a shipwreck.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:16
  text: Morpheus appears to Halcyone in the form of her husband.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:17
  text: Halcyone is changed into a kingfisher, and Ceyx is also transformed into that
    bird.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:18
  text: Observers of the flying birds recall that Æsacus, son of Priam, was changed
    into a sea bird called the didapper.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Orpheus
  description: Victim torn apart by Thracian women; his face is attacked by a serpent.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Thracian women
  description: Women who tear Orpheus to pieces and are later transformed into trees
    by Bacchus.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Serpent
  description: Serpent that attacks Orpheus's face and is changed into stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Bacchus
  description: Deity who transforms the Thracian women into trees and departs from
    Thrace to Phrygia.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Midas
  description: Recipient of the power of making gold; later bathes in the Pactolus
    and receives ass's ears from Apollo.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Silenus
  description: Figure cared for by Midas, leading to Midas receiving the power of
    making gold.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Apollo
  description: God who changes Midas's ears into ass's ears and later aids Laomedon
    in building Troy's walls.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Laomedon
  description: Figure aided by Apollo in building the walls of Troy.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Hercules
  description: Rescuer of Hesione when she is fastened to a rock.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Hesione
  description: Laomedon's daughter, fastened to a rock and rescued by Hercules; received
    by Telamon as wife.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Telamon
  description: Companion of Hercules who receives Hesione as his wife.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Peleus
  description: Brother of Telamon; marries Thetis and goes to visit Ceyx.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Thetis
  description: Sea Goddess who marries Peleus.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Ceyx
  description: Figure visited by Peleus; later goes to the oracle of Claros, dies
    by shipwreck, and is transformed into a kingfisher.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Dædalion
  description: Figure changed into a hawk.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: Wolf
  description: Wolf seen changed into a rock.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:17
  name_or_label: Morpheus
  description: Figure who appears to Halcyone in the form of her husband.
  role_refs:
  - role:18
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:18
  name_or_label: Halcyone
  description: Figure to whom Morpheus appears; changed into a kingfisher.
  role_refs:
  - role:19
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:19
  name_or_label: Æsacus
  description: Son of Priam changed into a sea bird called the didapper.
  role_refs:
  - role:17
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:20
  name_or_label: Priam
  description: Father of Æsacus.
  role_refs:
  - role:20
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: dismembered victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Orpheus is torn to pieces.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: attackers transformed into trees
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The Thracian women tear Orpheus apart and are transformed into trees.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: animal attacker transformed into stone
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The serpent attacks Orpheus's face and becomes stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: divine transformer and departing deity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Bacchus transforms the women and leaves Thrace for Phrygia.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: recipient of unwanted golden power
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Midas receives and later loathes the power of making gold.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: punished with ass's ears
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Apollo changes Midas's ears into those of an ass.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: cared-for figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Midas receives the power for his care of Silenus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: punitive deity
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Apollo changes Midas's ears because of his stupidity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: divine builder-helper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Apollo aids Laomedon in building Troy's walls.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:10
  label: king or patron aided in wall-building
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Laomedon is aided by Apollo in building Troy's walls.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:11
  label: rescuer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Hercules rescues Hesione from the rock.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:12
  label: rock-bound endangered daughter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Hesione is fastened to a rock before being rescued.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:13
  label: marriage pair after rescue
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  basis: Telamon receives Hesione as his wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:14
  label: mortal husband of sea goddess
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Peleus marries the sea Goddess Thetis.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:15
  label: sea goddess bride
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: Thetis is named as a sea Goddess married by Peleus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:16
  label: oracle seeker and shipwreck victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Ceyx goes to Claros and perishes by shipwreck.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:17
  label: transformed figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  - fig:18
  - fig:19
  basis: These figures are described as changed into hawk, rock, kingfisher, or sea
    bird.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: role:18
  label: dream-form apparition
  assigned_to:
  - fig:17
  basis: Morpheus appears to Halcyone in the form of her husband.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:19
  label: recipient of apparition
  assigned_to:
  - fig:18
  basis: Halcyone receives Morpheus's appearance in her husband's form.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:20
  label: named father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:20
  basis: Æsacus is identified as the son of Priam.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: serpent
  literal_form: Serpent attacking Orpheus's face before becoming stone.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: trees
  literal_form: Trees into which the Thracian women are transformed.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: stone or rock
  literal_form: Stone form of the serpent; rock to which Hesione is fastened; rock
    form of the wolf.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:10
  - fig:16
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: gold-making power
  literal_form: Power of making gold received by Midas.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:5
  label: river Pactolus
  literal_form: River in which Midas bathes; its sands become golden.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:6
  label: ass's ears
  literal_form: Ears of an ass given to Midas by Apollo.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:7
  label: Troy's walls
  literal_form: Walls of Troy built with Apollo's aid.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:8
  label: hawk
  literal_form: Bird form into which Dædalion is changed.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:9
  label: kingfisher
  literal_form: Bird form into which Halcyone and Ceyx are transformed.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:14
  - fig:18
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:10
  label: didapper sea bird
  literal_form: Sea bird form into which Æsacus is changed.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:19
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Death of Orpheus and immediate transformations
  summary: Orpheus is torn apart by Thracian women; a serpent attacking his face becomes
    stone; the women become trees through Bacchus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Midas receives and rejects the golden gift
  summary: After Bacchus goes to Phrygia, Midas receives the power to make gold for
    caring for Silenus, loathes it, and bathes in the Pactolus, whose sands become
    golden.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Midas punished and Apollo at Troy
  summary: Apollo changes Midas's ears into those of an ass and later aids Laomedon
    in building Troy's walls.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Hesione rescued and marriages named
  summary: Hercules rescues Hesione from a rock; Telamon receives her as wife, and
    Peleus marries the sea Goddess Thetis.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Peleus hears and sees transformations
  summary: On going to visit Ceyx, Peleus learns of Dædalion's change into a hawk
    and sees a wolf changed into a rock.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Ceyx, Morpheus, and Halcyone
  summary: Ceyx consults the oracle of Claros and dies by shipwreck; Morpheus appears
    to Halcyone in her husband's form; Halcyone and Ceyx become kingfishers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:14
  - fig:17
  - fig:18
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Memory of Æsacus
  summary: Observers of the flying kingfishers recall Æsacus, son of Priam, who was
    changed into a didapper sea bird.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:19
  - fig:20
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Repeated metamorphosis into animals, plants, and stone
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: The passage repeatedly describes beings changed into stone, trees, hawk,
    rock, kingfishers, and a sea bird.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The available taxonomy label 'shapeshifter' is approximate because several
    transformations are externally imposed rather than voluntary shape-shifting.
- id: motif:2
  label: Gift granted for care that becomes unwanted
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Midas receives the power of making gold because of his care of Silenus, but
    later loathes the gift.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage summarizes the exchange but does not detail the giver's speech
    or conditions.
- id: motif:3
  label: Divine punitive transformation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Apollo changes Midas's ears into ass's ears for stupidity, and Bacchus transforms
    the Thracian women into trees after Orpheus's killing.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage explicitly gives Apollo's reason but does not explicitly state
    Bacchus's motive as judgment.
- id: motif:4
  label: Hero rescues rock-bound maiden
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Hercules rescues Hesione when she is fastened to a rock.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage gives only a brief summary and does not state the cause of
    Hesione's exposure.
- id: motif:5
  label: Mortal and sea-goddess marriage
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_marriage
  basis: Peleus marries the sea Goddess Thetis.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage names the marriage but gives no ritual, political, or cosmic
    details.
- id: motif:6
  label: Dream or apparition in the form of a loved one
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Morpheus appears to Halcyone in the form of her husband after Ceyx dies by
    shipwreck.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The summary does not state the content or purpose of the appearance.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: Within this passage summary, multiple episodes share a recurrent pattern
    of bodily transformation into natural forms such as stone, tree, bird, and animal-like
    features.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Internal Book XI metamorphosis pattern; available motif family 'shapeshifter'
    as approximate taxonomy
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is an internal pattern claim, not evidence for historical contact
    or cross-tradition comparison; the taxonomy label is broader than the involuntary
    transformations described.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 315-319
  quote_or_summary: Orpheus is torn apart by Thracian women; a serpent attacking his
    face is changed into stone; the women are transformed into trees by Bacchus.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 319-323
  quote_or_summary: Bacchus leaves Thrace for Phrygia; Midas receives the power of
    making gold for his care of Silenus, loathes the gift, and bathes in the Pactolus,
    whose sands become golden.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 323-325
  quote_or_summary: Apollo changes Midas's ears into those of an ass because of his
    stupidity, then goes to Troy and aids Laomedon in building its walls.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 325-327
  quote_or_summary: Hercules rescues Laomedon's daughter Hesione when she is fastened
    to a rock; Telamon receives her as wife; Peleus marries the sea Goddess Thetis.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 327-329
  quote_or_summary: Peleus, going to visit Ceyx, learns that Dædalion has been changed
    into a hawk and sees a wolf changed into a rock.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 329-332
  quote_or_summary: Ceyx goes to consult the oracle of Claros and perishes by shipwreck;
    Morpheus appears to Halcyone in her husband's form; Halcyone and Ceyx become kingfishers.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 332-333
  quote_or_summary: Observers of the flying birds remember that Æsacus, son of Priam,
    was changed into a sea bird called the didapper.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is a compact book summary rather than a full narrative; extraction
    of figures and events is straightforward, but motif assignments are necessarily
    broad.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. No external narrative details were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-8-15-riley-gutenberg__l315-l333
  passage_sha256=a104146420cfcbe1c00d3749f41e20598b3403fe12883120e69385ebc680e351