Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l7245-l7295

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l7245-l7295

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l7245-l7295
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
passage_locator:
  label: EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION.; lines 7245-7295
  start: '7245'
  end: '7295'
  translation: The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: Atlas, great as he is, becomes a mountain.
  summary: Perseus flies across the world and seeks rest in Atlas's western kingdom.
    Atlas, fearing an oracle that a son of Jove will take gold from his tree, refuses
    hospitality and attacks him. Perseus shows Medusa's face, and Atlas is transformed
    into a mountain that supports the heavens.
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A flying male figure is carried by shifting winds through the sky and looks
    down on the earth from far above.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: At day's decline he stops in the western part of the world, in the kingdom
    of Atlas, seeking rest until morning.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Atlas is described as the son of Iapetus and as surpassing all men in bodily
    size.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Atlas rules at the extremity of the earth, near the sea associated with the
    horses and chariot of the Sun.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Atlas has many flocks and herds, and his land is undisturbed by neighboring
    places.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Trees in Atlas's land have golden leaves, golden branches, and golden apples.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Perseus asks Atlas for hospitality and a resting place, citing his descent
    from Jupiter and his exploits.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Atlas remembers an oracle from Parnassian Themis that his tree will be stripped
    of gold by a son of Jove.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: Atlas encloses his orchard with walls, assigns a huge dragon to guard it,
    and expels strangers from his territories.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Atlas tells Perseus to leave, questions his claimed exploits and divine descent,
    and uses threats and violence to drive him away.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Perseus, inferior to Atlas in strength, turns away his face and exposes Medusa's
    horrible features on his left side.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: 'Atlas is transformed into a mountain: hair and beard become woods, shoulders
    and hands become ridges, head becomes the summit, and bones become stones.'
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:13
  text: After growing to immense height, Atlas supports the whole heaven and its stars.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:14
  text: A footnote identifies the huge dragon as Ladon.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Perseus
  description: A son of Jupiter/Jove who flies through the sky, seeks hospitality
    from Atlas, and exposes Medusa's features when threatened.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Atlas
  description: Son of Iapetus, a huge king at the western extremity of the earth,
    owner of the golden orchard, and transformed into a mountain bearing the heavens.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Parnassian Themis
  description: The giver of an oracle warning Atlas about the future loss of the tree's
    gold.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Jupiter / Jove
  description: Named by Perseus as the author of his descent and named in the oracle
    as father of the future claimant.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Medusa
  description: The being whose horrible features Perseus exposes, causing Atlas to
    become a mountain.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Huge dragon / Ladon
  description: A huge dragon set to keep Atlas's walled orchard; the footnote names
    it Ladon.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:14
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Sun
  description: Associated with panting horses and a wearied chariot received by the
    sea at the world's extremity.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Aurora
  description: Named as ushered by Lucifer before the chariot of the day.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Lucifer
  description: Named as the one who will usher forth Aurora's fires.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: sky-traveling petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Perseus flies across the world and asks Atlas for rest and hospitality.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:2
  label: son of Jupiter / Jove
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Perseus claims Jupiter as the author of his descent, and Atlas's oracle concerns
    a son of Jove.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:3
  label: giant western king
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Atlas is a king at the western extremity of the earth and surpasses all men
    in bodily size.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: guardian of golden orchard
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Atlas walls the orchard, assigns a dragon to keep it, and expels strangers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: mountain sky-bearer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Atlas becomes a mountain and the whole heaven with stars rests upon him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: role:6
  label: user of Medusa's head
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Perseus turns his face away and exposes Medusa's horrible features to Atlas.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:7
  label: oracle giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Themis gives the response warning Atlas about his tree's gold.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: divine ancestor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Jupiter/Jove is cited as the source of Perseus's descent.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:9
  label: petrifying or transforming visage
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Medusa's features are exposed immediately before Atlas becomes a mountain.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:10
  label: orchard guardian
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The dragon is assigned to keep the walled orchard.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:14
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: golden tree and apples
  literal_form: Trees with golden leaves, golden branches, and golden apples in Atlas's
    orchard.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: sym:2
  label: guarding dragon
  literal_form: A huge dragon guarding the orchard; footnote names it Ladon.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:14
- id: sym:3
  label: mountain body of Atlas
  literal_form: Atlas's transformed body as a mountain with woods, ridges, summit,
    stones, and heaven resting on it.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: sym:4
  label: Medusa's face
  literal_form: The horrible features of Medusa exposed by Perseus.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:5
  label: western edge of the world
  literal_form: The western extremity of the earth, near the sea that receives the
    Sun's chariot.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: heaven and stars resting on Atlas
  literal_form: The whole heaven, with many stars, resting upon the transformed Atlas.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Perseus's aerial wandering
  summary: Perseus is carried by winds through the sky, sees constellations and directions
    repeatedly, and looks down upon the distant earth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Arrival in Atlas's western kingdom
  summary: At the decline of day, Perseus stops in Atlas's western realm at the edge
    of the earth, seeking rest until morning.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Golden orchard and oracle
  summary: Atlas possesses golden trees and apples, remembers Themis's oracle about
    a son of Jove taking the tree's gold, and has enclosed the orchard with a dragon
    guard.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:14
- id: scene:4
  label: Refusal of hospitality
  summary: Perseus requests hospitality, but Atlas tells him to depart and attempts
    to drive him away with threats and violence.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: scene:5
  label: Transformation of Atlas
  summary: Perseus exposes Medusa's features, and Atlas is transformed into a mountain
    whose enlarged body supports the heavens.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: giant transformed into world-bearing mountain
  taxonomy_refs:
  - cosmic_mountain
  - world_center
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Atlas becomes a mountain of immense height, and the whole heaven with stars
    rests upon him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage describes metamorphosis and sky-bearing directly; broader
    labels such as world center are taxonomy approximations rather than explicit terms
    in the passage.
- id: motif:2
  label: dragon-guarded golden tree
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_tree_axis
  - serpent
  basis: Atlas's golden tree and apples are protected within walls by a huge dragon
    identified in a note as Ladon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:14
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage states the tree's gold and dragon guard; it does not describe
    an actual theft within this excerpt.
- id: motif:3
  label: oracle prompts guarded exclusion of strangers
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: Atlas acts on Themis's oracle by enclosing the orchard, assigning a dragon,
    and expelling strangers.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: 'The taxonomy reference is approximate: the passage concerns prophetic
    knowledge and defensive action, not necessarily forbidden knowledge in a strict
    sense.'
- id: motif:4
  label: dangerous divine-descended guest refused hospitality
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_parent_child
  basis: Perseus identifies Jupiter as his ancestor and asks for hospitality; Atlas
    refuses because an oracle warned him about a son of Jove.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage emphasizes descent and refusal of hospitality; it does not
    explicitly frame the episode as a hospitality law or divine judgment.
- id: motif:5
  label: petrifying gaze as transformative weapon
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Perseus exposes Medusa's features, after which Atlas's body changes into
    mountain, woods, ridges, summit, and stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: The taxonomy term shapeshifter is used broadly for bodily transformation;
    Medusa's gaze itself is not assigned a dedicated taxonomy ID here.
- id: motif:6
  label: world-ranging aerial journey to the west
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  - departure
  basis: Perseus flies over the whole world through the sky and stops at the western
    part of the world near Atlas's kingdom.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage includes aerial travel but not a full quest structure within
    this excerpt.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 7245-7252
  quote_or_summary: Perseus is carried by fitful winds through boundless space, looks
    down from the sky, flies over the whole world, and repeatedly sees constellations
    and directions.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 7252-7256
  quote_or_summary: As day declines, he stops in the western part of the world, in
    Atlas's kingdom, seeking rest until Lucifer and Aurora bring the day.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: 7256-7258
  quote_or_summary: "“Here was Atlas, the son of Iapetus, surpassing all men in the
    vastness of his body.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt from provided passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 7258-7261
  quote_or_summary: Atlas's realm is at the extremity of the earth, beside the sea
    that receives the Sun's horses and chariot.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 7261-7263
  quote_or_summary: Atlas has a thousand flocks and as many herds, and no neighboring
    places disturb the land.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: 7263-7265
  quote_or_summary: "“Leaves of the trees, shining with radiant gold, covered branches
    of gold, {and} apples of gold.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt from provided passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 7265-7270
  quote_or_summary: Perseus tells Atlas that Jupiter is the author of his descent,
    that his exploits are worthy of admiration, and that he asks for hospitality and
    rest.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: quote
  locator: 7270-7274
  quote_or_summary: "“A time will come, Atlas, when thy tree shall be stripped of
    its gold, and a son of Jove shall have the honor of the prize.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt from provided passage.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 7274-7277
  quote_or_summary: Fearing the oracle, Atlas encloses his orchard with solid walls,
    sets a huge dragon to guard it, and expels all strangers from his territories.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 7277-7282
  quote_or_summary: Atlas orders Perseus to leave, denies the protection of his claimed
    exploits and Jupiter, adds violence to threats, and tries to drive him away.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: 7282-7286
  quote_or_summary: Perseus, weaker than Atlas, says his friendship has little value
    and, turning his own face away, exposes Medusa's horrible features on his left
    side.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: 7286-7291
  quote_or_summary: 'Atlas becomes a mountain: beard and hair become woods, shoulders
    and hands become ridges, head becomes the summit, and bones become stones.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from provided passage.
- id: ev:13
  type: quote
  locator: 7291-7293
  quote_or_summary: "“the whole heaven, with so many stars, rests upon him.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt from provided passage.
- id: ev:14
  type: quote
  locator: 7294-7295
  quote_or_summary: "“The name of the dragon was Ladon.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt from provided footnote.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is strongly supported by the provided passage. Motif taxonomy
    assignments are cautious because the taxonomy categories do not always map exactly
    to the passage's specific Ovidian episode. No comparison claims are made because
    the passage itself does not explicitly compare this episode to another corpus
    or tradition.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Footnote 76 is treated as evidence for the dragon's name.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg__l7245-l7295
  passage_sha256=a535518c9341df8df3c117116c7de0953f64fbe76a297fd41d90e736105c3e2e