Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l4054-l4143

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l4054-l4143

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l4054-l4143
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
passage_locator:
  label: EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION.; lines 4054-4143
  start: '4054'
  end: '4143'
  translation: The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The explanatory note frames the episode as a tradition about Mercury, Herse,
    and Aglauros. In the fable, Pallas/Minerva commands Envy to infect Aglauros with
    jealousy toward Herse. Envy enters Aglauros’ chamber and fills her with poison,
    thorns, and thoughts of Herse’s fortunate union with the god. Aglauros blocks
    Mercury at the threshold of Herse’s apartment, and Mercury causes her to become
    an immobile, bloodless stone statue.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The explanatory note says that Cicero reported several ancient persons named
    Mercury and presents the story as built on ordinary jealousy involving Herse and
    Aglauros.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Pallas/Minerva commands Envy to infect Aglauros, one of the daughters of Cecrops,
    with poison.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:3
  text: Envy is found eating the flesh of vipers and is described with pallor, leanness,
    blackened teeth, green gall, and a venom-dripping tongue.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Envy carries a thorn-wreathed staff, travels veiled in black clouds, damages
    fields and flowers, and pollutes nations, cities, and houses with her breath.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Envy touches Aglauros’ breast, fills her heart with jagged thorns, breathes
    venom into her, and spreads black poison through her body.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Envy keeps Herse, Herse’s fortunate marriage, and the god’s beautiful appearance
    before Aglauros’ eyes.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Aglauros is tormented day and night by secret grief and burns at Herse’s good
    fortune.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: Aglauros sits at the threshold to keep Mercury from entering and says she
    will not move until he is repulsed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: Mercury opens the carved door with his wand after Aglauros refuses to move.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Aglauros becomes unable to rise, grows stiff and cold, loses blood and breath,
    and becomes a bloodless stone statue stained by her mind.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Pallas / Minerva / Tritonia
  description: A female warrior goddess, armed with spear and splendid arms, who commands
    Envy to infect Aglauros.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Envy
  description: A personified figure found eating vipers, marked by pallor, venom,
    gall, sleeplessness, and sorrow at others’ successes; she obeys Minerva’s command.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Aglauros
  description: A daughter of Cecrops who is infected with jealousy, blocks Mercury
    at the threshold, and is transformed into a stone statue.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Herse
  description: A sister of Aglauros whose fortunate marriage and relation to the god
    are set before Aglauros’ eyes.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Mercury / Cyllenian God
  description: The god associated with Herse who comes to the threshold, speaks kindly
    to Aglauros, and opens the carved door with his wand.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Cecrops
  description: King of Athens and father of Herse and Aglauros in the explanatory
    note and fable summary.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: commanding goddess
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pallas/Minerva gives Envy the order to infect Aglauros.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: personified infecting force
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Envy carries out the divine command by touching, breathing poison into, and
    mentally tormenting Aglauros.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: jealous sister
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Aglauros is made to fixate on Herse’s good fortune and is described as burning
    at it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:4
  label: transformed obstructer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Aglauros blocks Mercury at the threshold and then becomes an immobile stone
    statue.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:5
  label: favored sister
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Herse’s fortunate marriage and the god’s beautiful appearance are presented
    as the objects that aggravate Aglauros’ jealousy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: divine suitor or beloved figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The note and episode associate Mercury with love for Herse and with access
    to Herse’s apartment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: punishing transformer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The fable summary states that Mercury changes Aglauros into a statue after
    she opposes his passage.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: royal father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Cecrops is named as king of Athens and father of Herse; Aglauros is one of
    his daughters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: vipers and serpents
  literal_form: Vipers and serpents whose flesh Envy eats and leaves half-devoured.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: venom and poison
  literal_form: Venom dripping from Envy’s tongue and black poison breathed into Aglauros’
    body.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: thorn-wreathed staff and jagged thorns
  literal_form: A staff surrounded by thorns and jagged thorns placed in Aglauros’
    heart.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: threshold
  literal_form: The front of the threshold where Aglauros sits to exclude Mercury.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: wand
  literal_form: Mercury’s wand with which he opens the carved door.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: stone statue
  literal_form: A bloodless stone statue into which Aglauros becomes fixed.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:7
  label: fire beneath thorny reeds
  literal_form: A simile comparing Aglauros’ jealousy to fire placed beneath thorny
    reeds that burn without open flame.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Pallas visits Envy
  summary: Pallas stands outside Envy’s abode, strikes the door-posts with her spear,
    sees Envy eating vipers, and gives her a command.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:2
  label: Envy travels to Athens
  summary: Envy departs with her thorn-wreathed staff and black clouds, damaging fields
    and polluting places before reaching the Tritonian citadel.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Aglauros is infected
  summary: Envy enters Aglauros’ chamber, touches her breast, fills her heart with
    thorns, breathes venom into her, and fixes Herse’s fortunate condition before
    her mind.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Aglauros blocks Mercury
  summary: Aglauros sits at the threshold to exclude Mercury, refuses to move despite
    kind speech, and Mercury opens the door with his wand.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Aglauros becomes stone
  summary: Aglauros’ body stiffens and chills, her breath and voice fail, and she
    becomes a bloodless stone statue.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: personified envy infects a human heart
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Envy is treated as an acting figure who physically and breathlessly implants
    poison, thorns, and jealousy into Aglauros.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a passage-level pattern rather than a supplied taxonomy family.
- id: motif:2
  label: divine punishment by petrification
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The fable summary says Mercury changes Aglauros into a statue because she
    opposes his passage, and the narrative describes her becoming stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The detailed narrative emphasizes the physical process of petrification;
    the explicit causal framing comes from the fable summary.
- id: motif:3
  label: jealous sibling obstructs divine union
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sibling_pair
  - divine_beloved
  basis: Aglauros’ jealousy centers on her sister Herse’s fortunate marriage and the
    god, and she blocks Mercury from reaching Herse’s apartment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents Herse primarily as the object of Aglauros’ jealousy;
    it does not narrate Herse’s own perspective.
- id: motif:4
  label: transformation into inert form
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Aglauros undergoes a bodily metamorphosis into stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: low
  cautions: The supplied taxonomy term 'shapeshifter' only loosely fits because the
    change is imposed, not voluntary shape-shifting.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4054-4061
  quote_or_summary: The explanation cites Cicero on multiple ancient Mercuries and
    says the tradition likely grew from a story of Mercury loving Herse and Aglauros
    becoming jealous.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4070-4084
  quote_or_summary: Pallas reaches Envy’s abode, opens the doors by striking the posts,
    and sees Envy eating viper flesh; Envy is described as pale, lean, black-toothed,
    green with gall, venom-tongued, sleepless, and pained by others’ success.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 4084-4088
  quote_or_summary: "“Infect one of the daughters of Cecrops with thy poison; there
    is occasion so {to do}; Aglauros is she.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4090-4099
  quote_or_summary: Envy leaves with a thorn-wreathed staff, veiled in black clouds;
    she tramples blooming fields, burns grass, crops flowers, pollutes places with
    her breath, and reaches the flourishing Tritonian citadel.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4099-4105
  quote_or_summary: Envy enters Aglauros’ chamber, touches her breast with a rust-stained
    hand, fills her heart with jagged thorns, breathes venom into her, and spreads
    black poison through her bones and lungs.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4106-4117
  quote_or_summary: Envy places Herse, Herse’s fortunate marriage, and the beautiful
    god before Aglauros; Aglauros is tormented day and night and burns at Herse’s
    good fortune like fire under thorny reeds.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4117-4126
  quote_or_summary: Aglauros sits at the threshold to keep the god out; after she
    refuses to move until he is repulsed, the Cyllenian god accepts the condition
    and opens the carved door with his wand.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4126-4138
  quote_or_summary: Aglauros cannot rise; her joints stiffen, chill and pallor spread,
    breath and voice fail, and she becomes a hard, bloodless stone statue stained
    by her mind.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4063-4068
  quote_or_summary: The fable summary states that Aglauros obstinately opposes Mercury’s
    passage to Herse’s apartment and that the god changes her into a statue.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based on a self-contained public-domain passage. Motif-family
    assignment is cautious where the available taxonomy only partially matches the
    episode.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not make an explicit cross-traditional comparison beyond the explanatory rationalization of the episode.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg__l4054-l4143
  passage_sha256=d45bfa06bf913596fb973ca64cb377e1f35b2124e025c1553197b0e01a2ee090