Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l379-l400

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l379-l400

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l379-l400
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK IV. / BOOK V. / BOOK VI. / BOOK VII.; lines 379-400
  start: '379'
  end: '400'
  translation: The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage summarizes Book VII: Jason, aided by Medea, overcomes fire-breathing
    bulls, serpent-born warriors, and a dragon to recover the Golden Fleece. Medea
    travels to Greece, restores Æson to youth, deceives Pelias with a ram-to-lamb
    demonstration and kills him, later kills her children, marries Ægeus, and escapes
    attempted poisoning. Minos wages war against Ægeus. The summary also notes transformations
    involving Arne, the Myrmidons, Cephalus, a dog and fox, and the fatal javelin
    that kills Procris.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Jason conquers bulls that breathe flames with Medea's aid.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Jason sows serpent teeth, from which armed men are produced.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Jason lulls a dragon to sleep and recovers the Golden Fleece.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Medea accompanies Jason to Greece and restores Æson to youth by drugs.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Medea changes a ram into a lamb as a specimen before killing Pelias by stratagem.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Medea kills her children, marries Ægeus, and narrowly escapes being poisoned
    by her magic potions.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Minos interrupts Ægeus's joy at Theseus's return and wages war against him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Arne has been changed into a jackdaw.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: Æacus refuses Minos's alliance and sends the Myrmidons, who had been changed
    into ants from men after a severe pestilence, to assist Ægeus.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Cephalus relates that Aurora carried him off and that he assumed another shape
    to test Procris.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Cephalus receives a dog and a javelin from Procris; the dog and a fox are
    changed into stone, and the javelin inadvertently kills Procris.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Jason
  description: A figure aided by Medea who overcomes bulls, serpent-born armed men,
    and a dragon and recovers the Golden Fleece.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Medea
  description: Jason's helper; later restores Æson to youth, deceives and kills Pelias,
    kills her children, marries Ægeus, and escapes poisoning.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Fire-breathing bulls
  description: Bulls that breathe forth flames and are conquered by Jason.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Serpent-born armed men
  description: Armed men produced from the teeth of a serpent sown by Jason.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Dragon
  description: A dragon lulled to sleep before Jason recovers the Golden Fleece.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Æson
  description: A figure restored to youth by Medea's drugs.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Pelias
  description: A figure promised rejuvenation by Medea and then killed by her stratagem.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Ægeus
  description: Medea's later husband; rejoices at Theseus's return and is opposed
    by Minos.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Theseus
  description: The returning son of Ægeus.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Minos
  description: A figure who wages war against Ægeus and seeks alliances.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Arne
  description: A figure changed into a jackdaw.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Æacus
  description: A figure who refuses Minos's alliance and sends the Myrmidons to assist
    Ægeus.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Myrmidons
  description: A group changed into ants from men after a severe pestilence, later
    sent to assist Ægeus.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Cephalus
  description: A figure sent with the Myrmidons who relates his abduction by Aurora
    and the death of Procris.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Phocus
  description: Son of Æacus and listener to Cephalus's account.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: Aurora
  description: A figure who carries off Cephalus.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: fig:17
  name_or_label: Procris
  description: Cephalus's wife, tested by him, giver of a dog and javelin, and killed
    inadvertently by the javelin.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:18
  name_or_label: Dog and fox
  description: A dog received from Procris and a fox are changed into stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: questing recoverer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jason overcomes obstacles and recovers the Golden Fleece.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: magical helper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Medea aids Jason and uses drugs and magic potions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:3
  label: deceptive killer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Medea kills Pelias by stratagem and kills her children.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:4
  label: ordeal opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  basis: The bulls, armed men, and dragon are obstacles Jason must overcome.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: rejuvenated elder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Æson is restored to youth by Medea's drugs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: deceived victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Pelias is promised rejuvenation and killed by Medea's stratagem.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:7
  label: king opposed in war
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Minos wages war against Ægeus after Theseus's return.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:8
  label: returning son
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Theseus returns home to Ægeus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:9
  label: war-maker seeking alliance
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Minos wages war and seeks Æacus's alliance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: role:10
  label: transformed being
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  - fig:18
  basis: Arne becomes a jackdaw; the dog and fox become stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:11
- id: role:11
  label: alliance refuser
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Æacus refuses Minos's alliance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:12
  label: transformed troops
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The Myrmidons are men changed into ants and then sent to assist Ægeus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:13
  label: narrator of personal misfortune
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Cephalus relates his abduction, disguise, and Procris's death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: role:14
  label: listener
  assigned_to:
  - fig:15
  basis: Cephalus relates his story to Phocus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:15
  label: abductor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:16
  basis: Aurora carries off Cephalus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:16
  label: tested spouse and accidental victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:17
  basis: Procris is tested for faithlessness and later killed inadvertently by a javelin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: flame-breathing bulls
  literal_form: Bulls that breathe forth flames
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: serpent teeth
  literal_form: Teeth of a serpent sown by Jason
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: dragon
  literal_form: Dragon lulled to sleep
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: Golden Fleece
  literal_form: Golden Fleece recovered by Jason
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: rejuvenating drugs
  literal_form: Drugs used by Medea to restore Æson to youth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: ram changed into lamb
  literal_form: A ram changed into a lamb as a specimen
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: magic potions
  literal_form: Magic potions associated with attempted poisoning of Medea
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: jackdaw transformation
  literal_form: Arne changed into a jackdaw
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:9
  label: ant transformation
  literal_form: Men changed into ants after a severe pestilence
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:10
  label: stone transformation
  literal_form: A dog and fox changed into stone
  associated_figures:
  - fig:18
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: sym:11
  label: fatal javelin
  literal_form: A javelin received from Procris that inadvertently causes her death
  associated_figures:
  - fig:14
  - fig:17
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Jason's ordeals and recovery of the Golden Fleece
  summary: With Medea's aid, Jason conquers fire-breathing bulls, produces armed men
    from serpent teeth, lulls a dragon to sleep, and recovers the Golden Fleece.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:2
  label: Medea's rejuvenation and deception of Pelias
  summary: Medea restores Æson to youth by drugs, demonstrates transformation by changing
    a ram into a lamb, and kills Pelias by stratagem.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:3
  label: Medea with Ægeus
  summary: Medea kills her children, marries Ægeus, and narrowly escapes poisoning
    by her magic potions.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Minos's war and sought alliance
  summary: Minos interrupts Ægeus's joy at Theseus's return, wages war, gathers troops,
    and seeks the alliance of Æacus, who refuses and sends the Myrmidons to aid Ægeus.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: scene:5
  label: Noted transformations during the wider itinerary
  summary: The passage notes transformations including Arne into a jackdaw, men into
    ants, and a dog and fox into stone.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:11
  - fig:13
  - fig:18
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  - sym:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: scene:6
  label: Cephalus's account of Aurora, Procris, and the javelin
  summary: Cephalus tells Phocus that Aurora carried him off, that he assumed another
    shape to test Procris, and that a javelin he received from Procris inadvertently
    caused her death.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:14
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: heroic ordeal with monstrous guardians before recovery of a prized object
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Jason must overcome fire-breathing bulls, serpent-born armed men, and a dragon
    before recovering the Golden Fleece.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage is a compressed summary and does not detail the full quest
    structure.
- id: motif:2
  label: serpent-associated generation and dragon obstacle
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: The passage includes serpent teeth producing armed men and a dragon lulled
    to sleep.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The dragon is mapped to the available serpent taxonomy only as a broad
    serpent-like monster category.
- id: motif:3
  label: magical rejuvenation and false rejuvenation trap
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  - shapeshifter
  basis: Medea restores Æson to youth and changes a ram into a lamb before using the
    promise of similar renewal to kill Pelias.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The text describes youth-restoration and transformation, but the death-rebirth
    taxonomy is broader than the exact wording.
- id: motif:4
  label: repeated transformations of humans and animals
  taxonomy_refs:
  - shapeshifter
  basis: The passage notes transformations of a ram into a lamb, Arne into a jackdaw,
    men into ants, Cephalus assuming another shape, and a dog and fox into stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: Some transformations are only briefly mentioned in the summary.
- id: motif:5
  label: carried-off beloved or abducted figure
  taxonomy_refs:
  - stolen_beloved
  basis: Cephalus is described as being carried off by Aurora.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not state Aurora's motive or frame Cephalus explicitly
    as a beloved.
- id: motif:6
  label: return of a son and disrupted joy
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: Theseus returns home, producing joy for Ægeus that Minos interrupts by war.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The return is mentioned only as context for the war.
- id: motif:7
  label: accidental death by received weapon
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: A javelin received from Procris inadvertently causes Procris's death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly matches this motif.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: '"Jason, by the aid of Medea, having conquered the bulls that
    breathe forth flames"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: '"having sowed the teeth of a serpent, from which armed men are
    produced"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:3
  type: quote
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: '"having lulled the dragon to sleep, recovers the Golden Fleece"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain translation; short excerpt used for evidence.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Medea accompanies Jason to Greece and restores Æson to youth by
    the aid of drugs.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Medea promises the same renewal to Pelias, first changes a ram
    into a lamb as a specimen, and kills him by stratagem.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Medea passes through places known for transformations, kills her
    children, marries Ægeus, and narrowly escapes being poisoned by her magic potions.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Minos interrupts Ægeus's joy at his son's return and wages war
    against him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Minos collects troops even from Paros, where Arne has been changed
    into a jackdaw.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Æacus refuses Minos's alliance and sends the Myrmidons, changed
    into ants from men after a severe pestilence, under Cephalus to assist Ægeus.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Cephalus tells Phocus, son of Æacus, that Aurora carried him off
    and that he assumed another shape to test Procris's faithfulness.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 379-400
  quote_or_summary: Cephalus receives from Procris a dog and a javelin; the dog and
    a fox are changed into stone, and the javelin inadvertently causes Procris's death.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is a high-level book summary, so extraction of named figures
    and events is reliable, while motif assignment remains somewhat broad and requires
    review against the full narrative.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the supplied passage and metadata were used. No external comparisons were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg__l379-l400
  passage_sha256=e1997d5e8f0940ad898d29c80f5e80868326133aed578f6623dcb6409e0d7eb1