Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l12340-l12383

batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l12340-l12383

---
record_id: batch.motif.roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg-l12340-l12383
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
passage_locator:
  label: EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION. / EXPLANATION.; lines 12340-12383
  start: '12340'
  end: '12383'
  translation: The Metamorphoses of Ovid, Books I-VII
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A set of explanatory footnotes identifies Hymettus as an Attic mountain,
    reports variant accounts of a wife's fidelity test and gifts involving a golden
    wreath, a javelin, and the dog Laelaps, summarizes Oedipus and the Sphinx, notes
    Themis's oracle in Boeotia, explains the Gortynian bow of Crete, and gives variant
    explanations of a voracious wild beast called the Teumesian fox or a man named
    Alopis.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Hymettus is described as a mountain of Attica famous for honey and marble.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: One account says a husband found his wife with a young man named Pteleon,
    who had given her a golden wreath.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Another account says the husband tested his wife's fidelity by offering her
    a bribe through a slave.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Some writers say the wife fled to Crete and received from Diana a javelin
    no one could escape and the dog Laelaps, which no wild beast could outrun.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Other writers say she fled to Minos, who prevailed over her virtue and gave
    her the dog and javelin.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The wife later appeared before her husband disguised as a huntress and demonstrated
    the efficacy of the dog and javelin.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: When the husband asked for the dog and javelin, she set a condition that would
    apparently breach conjugal fidelity; after he assented, she revealed herself and
    gave him the desired gifts.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Oedipus is identified as the son of Laius, king of Thebes.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: The Sphinx is described as a monster, offspring of Typhon and Echidna, haunting
    a mountain near Thebes.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: Oedipus solved the Sphinx's riddle, after which the monster threw itself from
    a rock.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: The Sphinx is described as having the face of a woman, wings of a bird, and
    extremities of a lion.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: Themis is said to have had a very ancient oracle in Boeotia.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: Crete is called Gortynian from Gortys or Gortyna, a city famous for the archery
    skill of its inhabitants.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:14
  text: Antoninus Liberalis and Apollodorus identify the wild beast as the Teumesian
    fox from Teumesus, a mountain of Boeotia.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:15
  text: The Thebans are said to have appeased the fox's voracity by giving it a child
    to devour every month.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:16
  text: Palaephatus says the wild beast was not an animal but a man called Alopis.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Hymettus
  description: Mountain of Attica famous for honey and marble.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Unnamed wife
  description: A woman whose fidelity and flight to Crete are discussed in variant
    accounts; she later appears disguised as a huntress.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Unnamed husband
  description: The husband who finds or tests his wife and later requests the dog
    and javelin.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Pteleon
  description: A young man said to have given the wife a golden wreath.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Diana
  description: A divine figure said in one version to give the wife an inescapable
    javelin and the dog Laelaps.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Aurora
  description: A divine figure described as attached to the wife's husband.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Minos
  description: In another version, a figure to whom the wife fled and who gave her
    the dog and javelin.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Laelaps
  description: A dog that no wild beast could outrun.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Oedipus
  description: Son of Laius, king of Thebes, who solved the Sphinx's riddle.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Laius
  description: King of Thebes and father of Oedipus.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Sphinx
  description: A monster, offspring of Typhon and Echidna, with woman's face, bird's
    wings, and lion's extremities.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Typhon
  description: Named as a parent of the Sphinx.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Echidna
  description: Named as a parent of the Sphinx.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Themis
  description: A figure associated with an ancient oracle in Boeotia.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Teumesian fox
  description: A wild beast from Teumesus, a mountain of Boeotia, said to be appeased
    by monthly child offerings.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:16
  name_or_label: Thebans
  description: People said to give a child monthly to appease the voracity of the
    Teumesian fox.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:17
  name_or_label: Alopis
  description: A man whom Palaephatus identifies as the supposed wild beast.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: noted mountain
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage identifies Hymettus as an Attic mountain with notable products.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: wife under fidelity test
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage reports accounts involving her husband testing or discovering
    her fidelity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: disguised huntress and gift giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: She appears before her husband disguised as a huntress and later gives him
    the dog and javelin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: testing or requesting husband
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: He tests his wife or requests the dog and javelin after seeing their efficacy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: giver of wreath
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Pteleon is named as the young man who gave a golden wreath.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:6
  label: giver of magical hunting objects
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  basis: Diana or Minos is said, in different versions, to give the dog and javelin.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: divine admirer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Aurora is described as having attachment to the husband.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: unoutrunnable hound
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Laelaps is described as a dog no wild beast could outrun.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: riddle solver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Oedipus solves the riddle proposed by the Sphinx.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: parent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  basis: Laius is father of Oedipus; Typhon and Echidna are parents of the Sphinx.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:11
  label: monster or wild threat
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  - fig:15
  basis: The Sphinx is called a monster; the fox is described as a wild beast with
    voracity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: role:12
  label: riddle poser
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The Sphinx proposed a riddle for solution.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:13
  label: oracle holder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: Themis is associated with a very ancient oracle in Boeotia.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:14
  label: recipient of child offerings
  assigned_to:
  - fig:15
  basis: Thebans are said to give the fox a child to devour every month.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:15
  label: appeasing community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:16
  basis: The Thebans give a child monthly to appease the wild beast's voracity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:16
  label: rationalized identity of beast
  assigned_to:
  - fig:17
  basis: Palaephatus says the wild beast was a man named Alopis.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: mountain
  literal_form: Hymettus; mountain near Thebes; Teumesus
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  - fig:15
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: sym:2
  label: golden wreath
  literal_form: golden wreath given by Pteleon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: inescapable javelin
  literal_form: javelin which no person could escape
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: unoutrunnable dog
  literal_form: dog Laelaps, which no wild beast could outrun
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: riddle
  literal_form: riddle proposed by the Sphinx and solved by Oedipus
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: hybrid monster body
  literal_form: woman's face, bird's wings, and lion's extremities
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:7
  label: oracle
  literal_form: ancient oracle in Boeotia
  associated_figures:
  - fig:14
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: monthly child offering
  literal_form: a child given every month for the fox to devour
  associated_figures:
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Attic mountain note
  summary: Hymettus is identified as an Attic mountain famous for honey and marble.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Fidelity accounts and golden wreath
  summary: Variant accounts report either that the wife was found with Pteleon after
    receiving a golden wreath or that her husband tested her fidelity through a bribe.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Dog and javelin variants
  summary: Variant accounts explain how the wife acquired the dog Laelaps and an inescapable
    javelin from Diana or Minos, then appeared to her husband disguised as a huntress
    and eventually gave him the objects.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Oedipus and the Sphinx
  summary: Oedipus, son of Laius, solves the Sphinx's riddle; the monster then throws
    itself from a rock, and its hybrid form and parentage are described.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Themis's oracle
  summary: Themis is associated with a very ancient oracle in Boeotia.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:14
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:6
  label: Gortynian archery note
  summary: Crete's Gortynian name is connected to Gortys or Gortyna, whose inhabitants
    were famous for archery.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:7
  label: Teumesian fox and monthly child offering
  summary: The wild beast is identified in some accounts as the Teumesian fox, which
    the Thebans appeased by giving it a child each month; another account identifies
    it as a man named Alopis.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:15
  - fig:16
  - fig:17
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: fidelity test through disguise or bribe
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: The passage gives accounts of a husband testing fidelity by bribe and of
    the wife returning disguised as a huntress to test or bargain with him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is approximate; the passage presents explanatory
    variants rather than a full narrative.
- id: motif:2
  label: magical hunting aids that cannot fail
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The javelin is said to be inescapable and Laelaps is said to outrun every
    wild beast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly matches magical weapons or hunting
    animals.
- id: motif:3
  label: riddle solver defeats monster
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Oedipus solves the Sphinx's riddle, after which the monster dies by throwing
    itself from a rock.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage summarizes the episode briefly in a footnote.
- id: motif:4
  label: hybrid monster at a mountain
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  basis: The Sphinx is a composite-bodied monster haunting a mountain near Thebes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Mountain is supplied as a symbol taxonomy reference, not a full motif
    family.
- id: motif:5
  label: oracle associated with divine figure
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Themis is associated with a very ancient oracle in Boeotia.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The footnote gives only the oracle's existence, not an oracle narrative.
- id: motif:6
  label: community appeases voracious beast with recurring child offering
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: Thebans are said to appease the Teumesian fox by giving it a child to devour
    every month.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage also preserves a rationalizing variant that the beast was
    a man named Alopis.
- id: motif:7
  label: variant rationalization of monster as human
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Palaephatus says the wild beast was not an animal but a man named Alopis.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is an explanatory claim about a mythic episode rather than a narrative
    event in the passage.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage itself records variant ancient explanations for the wife's acquisition
    of Laelaps and the javelin, contrasting a version involving Diana with versions
    involving Minos.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Variant accounts attributed to Hyginus, Apollodorus, and Antoninus Liberalis
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The comparison is limited to variants explicitly named in the footnote
    and does not establish historical dependence.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage records variant identifications of the wild beast, contrasting
    the Teumesian fox account with Palaephatus's human Alopis account.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Teumesian fox tradition and Palaephatus's rationalizing Alopis explanation
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage gives only a brief report of each version.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12340-12341 / Footnote 110
  quote_or_summary: Hymettus is a mountain of Attica, famous for honey and marble.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12343-12348 / Footnote 111
  quote_or_summary: Tzetzes says the wife was found by her husband with Pteleon, who
    gave her a golden wreath; Antoninus Liberalis says the husband tested her fidelity
    by a bribe through a slave.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12350-12366 / Footnote 112
  quote_or_summary: Some writers say she fled to Crete and Diana gave her an inescapable
    javelin and Laelaps; others say Minos gave them. She returned disguised as a huntress,
    demonstrated them, set a condition when her husband requested them, then revealed
    herself and gave the gifts.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12368-12374 / Footnote 113
  quote_or_summary: Oedipus, son of Laius, solved the Sphinx's riddle; the Sphinx,
    child of Typhon and Echidna, haunted a mountain near Thebes, then threw itself
    from a rock, and had a woman's face, bird wings, and lion extremities.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12376-12377 / Footnote 114
  quote_or_summary: Themis had a very ancient oracle in Boeotia.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12379-12382 / Footnote 115
  quote_or_summary: Crete was called Gortynian from Gortys or Gortyna, a city famous
    for archery skill.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 12384-12390 / Footnote 116
  quote_or_summary: Antoninus Liberalis and Apollodorus identify the wild beast as
    the Teumesian fox from Teumesus; Thebans gave it a child monthly to appease it.
    Palaephatus says it was a man named Alopis.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/roman/project-gutenberg/metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short summary used.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage consists of explanatory footnotes summarizing several myths and
    variants, so motif extraction is possible but compressed and sometimes dependent
    on unnamed figures in the excerpt.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the provided passage and metadata. Some figure labels remain descriptive where the excerpt does not name the person.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:roman-ovid-metamorphoses-books-1-7-riley-gutenberg__l12340-l12383
  passage_sha256=a6e65c45fb87c5c11c2f480d8ca8d2ca729f22d86145b2359d2688230e5a4dd8