Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg-l1494-l1601

batch.motif.sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg-l1494-l1601

---
record_id: batch.motif.sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg-l1494-l1601
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
passage_locator:
  label: THE ACTS OF THE ADEPTS / CHAPTER I. / CHAPTER II. / CHAPTER III.; lines 1494-1601
  start: '1494'
  end: '1601'
  translation: The Mesnevi
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage recounts Jelāl repeatedly taking horses and returning them
    exhausted before announcing that an enemy has returned to a fiery pit. Later reports
    from Syria say Damascus was besieged by Mongol forces and that Jelāl appeared
    there to aid the forces of Islam and defeat them. A second episode tells of a
    rich Tebrīz merchant seeking religious counsel: after an unsatisfying visit to
    a wealthy legal dignitary, he visits Jelāl, who knows the amount of the merchant''s
    hidden offering and explains that his prior losses have averted a heavier divinely
    decreed trial.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Jelāl came on successive days, asked for horses, rode away, and returned at
    sunset with the horses in pitiable condition.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: On the third day Jelāl announced glad tidings and said the 'dog of hell' had
    returned to a 'pit of fire.'
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: A caravan from Syria later reported that a Mongol army had besieged Damascus
    and reduced it to straits.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The passage says inhabitants witnessed Jelāl joining the forces of Islam at
    Damascus and defeating the Mongol forces, who retreated.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: Jelāl identified himself as the horseman who obtained victory over the enemy.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Jelāl's disciples and the townspeople of Qonya celebrated the reported victory,
    and the city was illuminated.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: A rich merchant of Tebrīz came to Qonya seeking eminent men of learning and
    piety, not only profit.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: The merchant first visited a highly reputed legal dignitary in a palace-like
    setting with guards, servants, and attendants.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: The merchant disliked what he saw at the legal dignitary's residence and received
    no solution to his difficulty.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: The merchant then asked for a poor mendicant of exemplary piety and was directed
    to Jelāl.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: Jelāl was described as having forsaken pleasures except love toward God and
    as spending nights and days in worship.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:12
  text: The merchant prepared fifty gold sequins as an offering to Jelāl.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:13
  text: Before the merchant could speak, Jelāl said the fifty sequins were accepted
    and that the merchant's lost two hundred sequins were better for him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:14
  text: Jelāl said God had determined a severe judgment and trial for the merchant,
    but that through the visit the merchant was pardoned and the trial averted.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Jelāl / Jelālu-’d-Dīn
  description: A saintly teacher who rides away on horses, is reported to appear at
    Damascus against the Mongol forces, and later receives the Tebrīz merchant at
    his college.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: the butcher
  description: The person from whom Jelāl asks for horses and who later brings news
    to Jelāl.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Mogul army
  description: The army reported to have besieged Damascus and later to have retreated
    after defeat.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Helaw Khan / Holagu / Helagu
  description: A Mongol ruler said to have taken Baghdad and advanced against Aleppo
    and Syria.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Ketbuga
  description: A general sent against Damascus with a numerous army.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: inhabitants of Damascus
  description: Witnesses said to have seen Jelāl join the forces of Islam at Damascus.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: disciples of Jelāl
  description: Followers who shout with joy and triumph after Jelāl's explanation
    of the victory.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: townspeople of Qonya
  description: Residents who decorate and illuminate the city and hold public rejoicings.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: rich merchant of Tebrīz
  description: A merchant who comes to Qonya, seeks learned and pious men, suffers
    financial losses, and visits Jelāl with an offering.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: agents / correspondents / friends of the merchant
  description: People in Qonya who direct the merchant first to the legal dignitary
    and then to Jelāl.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Sheykhu-’l-Islām / great lawyer
  description: A celebrated legal scholar living in a palace-like residence, visited
    by the merchant but not answering his difficulty.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: God
  description: Named by Jelāl as the one who had determined judgment and trial for
    the merchant and then pardoned him.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: miracle-working saintly figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage calls the Damascus victory a 'miracle of power' associated with
    Jelāl.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: victorious horseman
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jelāl says he was the horseman who obtained victory over the enemy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: holy teacher
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The merchant is led to Jelāl at his college, where Jelāl is sitting in the
    lecture-hall studying books.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:4
  label: knower of hidden circumstances
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Jelāl names the concealed fifty-sequin offering and interprets the merchant's
    losses before the merchant speaks.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: role:5
  label: provider and witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The butcher supplies horses and later hears Jelāl's explanation of the victory.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: besieging enemy force
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The Mogul army besieges Damascus and is later defeated and forced to retreat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: military commander
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  basis: Helaw Khan advances against Syria and sends Ketbuga with an army against
    Damascus.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: eyewitnesses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The passage says the inhabitants witnessed Jelāl at Damascus with their own
    eyes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:9
  label: celebrants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  basis: Disciples shout with joy, and townspeople decorate and illuminate Qonya.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: seeker of pious counsel
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The merchant seeks eminent men and later asks for a poor mendicant of exemplary
    piety to learn what he longs to know.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: role:11
  label: donor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The merchant prepares a rouleau of fifty gold sequins as an offering.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: role:12
  label: guides to religious figures
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The agents and friends direct the merchant to the great lawyer and then to
    Jelāl.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:13
  label: wealthy legal dignitary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The Sheykhu-’l-Islām is reputed for learning and piety but is lodged amid
    palace-like wealth and does not solve the merchant's problem.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:14
  label: divine judge and pardoner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Jelāl says God had determined judgment and trial for the merchant but pardoned
    him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: exhausted horses
  literal_form: horses taken by Jelāl and returned in pitiable condition at sunset
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: pit of fire
  literal_form: the phrase 'pit of fire' in Jelāl's announcement about the enemy
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: illuminated city
  literal_form: Qonya decorated and illuminated for public rejoicing
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: palace-like residence
  literal_form: a great palace with guards, servants, attendants, eunuchs, pages,
    grooms, ushers, and chamberlains
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:5
  label: gold sequins as offering
  literal_form: fifty sequins in gold prepared by the merchant as an offering to Jelāl
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: sym:6
  label: lost two hundred sequins
  literal_form: two hundred sequins lost by the merchant, described by Jelāl as better
    for him than the offering
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: sym:7
  label: college lecture-hall
  literal_form: Jelāl's college and lecture-hall where he sits alone studying books
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Jelāl's repeated rides and announcement
  summary: Jelāl borrows horses on successive days, returns them exhausted at sunset,
    and on the third day announces glad tidings concerning the enemy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Report of Damascus and victory
  summary: A caravan reports the siege of Damascus, and the passage says Jelāl appeared
    there, joined the forces of Islam, and defeated the Mongol forces.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Celebration in Qonya
  summary: After Jelāl identifies himself as the victorious horseman, his disciples
    and the townspeople celebrate and illuminate the city.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:4
  label: Merchant visits the legal dignitary
  summary: The Tebrīz merchant seeks a learned and pious man, visits the reputed legal
    scholar in a palace-like setting, presents gifts, asks about his losses, and leaves
    without an answer.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:5
  label: Merchant visits Jelāl
  summary: The merchant is directed to Jelāl as a poor and pious holy man, goes to
    his college with fifty sequins, is overwhelmed, and hears Jelāl disclose the offering,
    explain his losses, and announce that a trial has been averted.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: saintly miraculous intervention in distant battle
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Jelāl's exhausted rides are followed by news that he was seen at Damascus
    aiding the forces of Islam and defeating the besieging army; the passage explicitly
    calls this a miracle of power.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents the event hagiographically; no wider comparison is
    asserted here.
- id: motif:2
  label: enemy consigned to infernal fire
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Jelāl announces that the 'dog of hell' has returned to a 'pit of fire' before
    reports identify the defeated enemy force.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage uses hostile religious language; the exact relation between
    the spoken image and the later military report is narrative rather than analytically
    explained.
- id: motif:3
  label: quest for the true holy guide
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  - wisdom
  basis: The merchant seeks men of piety and learning, rejects the wealthy dignitary's
    surroundings, and is directed to Jelāl, who gives hidden knowledge and assurance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the movement as a search for counsel rather than a
    formal initiation.
- id: motif:4
  label: hidden offering known by the saint
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The merchant privately prepares fifty sequins, and Jelāl states that the
    fifty sequins are accepted before the merchant can speak.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not describe the mechanism of Jelāl's knowledge.
- id: motif:5
  label: loss transformed into protection from greater trial
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Jelāl says the merchant's lost two hundred sequins were better for him because
    God had determined a severe judgment and trial, now pardoned and averted through
    the visit.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The offering and pardon are associated in the speech, but the passage
    does not define a transactional doctrine.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1494-1504
  quote_or_summary: Jelāl returns on successive days to ask the butcher for horses;
    each horse is returned at sunset in pitiable condition.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 1504-1507
  quote_or_summary: "“Good news! Glad tidings, O ye of the Faith! That dog of hell
    has gone back to his pit of fire!”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1508-1521
  quote_or_summary: A caravan from Syria reports that the Mogul army besieged Damascus;
    Helaw Khan had taken Baghdad and advanced against Syria, sending Ketbuga against
    Damascus with a large army.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1521-1527
  quote_or_summary: The inhabitants are said to have witnessed Jelāl joining the forces
    of Islam at Damascus, defeating the Mogul forces and forcing their retreat.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 1528-1533
  quote_or_summary: "“Jelālu-’d-Dīn was the horseman who obtained a victory over the
    enemy, and showed himself a Sultan in the eyes of the people of Islām.”"
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; short excerpt quoted.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1533-1539
  quote_or_summary: Jelāl's disciples shout with joy, Qonya is decorated and illuminated,
    and the miracle of power becomes widely known among his adherents.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1541-1551
  quote_or_summary: A rich merchant of Tebrīz arrives in Qonya and says he travels
    not only for money but to meet eminent men in each city.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1552-1564
  quote_or_summary: The merchant is taken to the reputed Sheykhu-’l-Islām, whose residence
    has guards, servants, attendants, and palace-like features.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1565-1581
  quote_or_summary: The merchant dislikes the dignitary's setting, offers presents,
    asks why he suffers losses despite almsgiving, and leaves without a solution.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1582-1592
  quote_or_summary: The merchant asks for a poor mendicant of exemplary piety and
    is told of Jelāl, who has forsaken pleasures except love toward God and spends
    nights and days in worship.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1593-1598
  quote_or_summary: The merchant is taken to Jelāl's college after privately preparing
    a rouleau of fifty gold sequins as an offering.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1598-1604
  quote_or_summary: Jelāl sits alone in the lecture-hall studying; the merchant is
    overwhelmed and silent; Jelāl says the fifty sequins are accepted and that the
    lost two hundred sequins are better for him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1604-1601
  quote_or_summary: Jelāl says God had determined a sore judgment and heavy trial
    for the merchant, but through the visit pardoned him, averted the trial, and would
    make up his losses.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source text; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The passage is internally clear, but the supplied line range appears to end
    at 1601 while the passage text continues beyond that point; evidence locators
    are approximate within the supplied excerpt. No comparison claims were added because
    the passage does not itself make an explicit cross-traditional comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata. Taxonomy references were limited to available motif families and symbols.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg__l1494-l1601
  passage_sha256=28948e9829ecf174f9c9f43c215666ee36255cdfeef91111e04231b098ed031c