Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg-l10286-l10399

batch.motif.sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg-l10286-l10399

---
record_id: batch.motif.sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg-l10286-l10399
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
passage_locator:
  label: PREFACE. / IN THE NAME OF GOD, / THE ALL-MERCIFUL, THE VERY-COMPASSIONATE.
    / VIII.; lines 10286-10399
  start: '10286'
  end: '10399'
  translation: The Mesnevi
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage contrasts mere reasoning with faith, presents prophetic miracles
    involving Moses' staff, Ahmed's post, and stones speaking in Muhammad's defense,
    then returns to the tale of a minstrel whom a heavenly voice commands Caliph 'Umer
    to find in a burial-ground and aid with seven hundred golden sequins.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Mere reasoners are compared to cripples or blind people leaning on a staff
    and at risk of falling.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A pillar of the holy creed is compared to a mountain in steadfastness.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The staff of reason is described as capable of snapping and causing its user
    to fall without God's mercy and grace.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: The staff is also described as a weapon used for quarrelling and striking
    others' faces.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: 'The passage names Moses'' miracle and Ahmed''s miracle: one staff became
    a serpent, and one post gave a loud moan.'
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: Cavillers are said to flee to sophisms of thought out of dread of prophetic
    miracles.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: Abū-Jahl held stones in his hand and challenged Muhammad to say what he held
    if he was a prophet.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Muhammad answered that the things themselves would speak and obey God's will.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: A chorus came from Abū-Jahl's closed hand, and the stones confessed God's
    unity and Muhammad's prophethood.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Abū-Jahl threw away the stones in anger and called Muhammad a magician.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: A heavenly voice called to Caliph 'Umer and instructed him to relieve a valued
    servant's need in the public burial-ground.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
- id: obs:12
  text: The heavenly voice told 'Umer to take seven hundred golden sequins from the
    public treasury and deliver them to the servant as the hire of his harpstrings.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
- id: obs:13
  text: "'Umer awoke at the sound of the voice, went toward the burial-ground with
    the money, and searched for the stranger."
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
- id: obs:14
  text: "'Umer saw no other soul in the burial-ground except the minstrel, doubted
    at first, and then respectfully approached the sleeping guest."
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:14
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Mere reasoners / blind ones
  description: People compared to cripples or blind people leaning on the staff of
    reason.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Pillar of the holy creed
  description: A steadfast religious figure or type compared to a mountain.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Moses
  description: Named in connection with a miracle in which a staff became a serpent.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Ahmed / Muhammed
  description: Named as the prophet connected with a moaning post and with the miracle
    of stones speaking.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Cavillers / sophist
  description: Opponents who take refuge in sophisms, are externally Muslim in name,
    and are not convinced by debate.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Abū-Jahl
  description: A challenger who holds stones in his hand, questions Muhammad, hears
    the stones speak, and rejects the event as magic.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Stones
  description: Stones held in Abū-Jahl's closed hand that speak a confession of God's
    unity and Muhammad's prophethood.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Heavenly voice
  description: A voice that calls to 'Umer and commands him to aid a servant in the
    burial-ground.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Caliph 'Umer
  description: The Caliph awakened by the heavenly voice and sent to find and help
    the servant.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Minstrel / harper / servant
  description: An anxious minstrel and sleeping harper in the burial-ground, described
    by the voice as a valued servant whose need is to be relieved.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:14
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: God / Lord
  description: Named as the source of mercy and grace and as the one whose will the
    stones obey; also referred to in 'Umer's reflection about the servant.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
  - ev:14
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: staff-dependent reasoner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage compares mere reasoners to cripples or blind people who lean
    on a staff and fall without divine mercy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: steadfast believer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The pillar of the holy creed is said to be steadfast as a mountain.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: prophetic miracle figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  basis: Moses and Ahmed/Muhammad are named in association with miracles involving
    a staff, a post, and speaking stones.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:4
  label: sophistical opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Cavillers flee to sophisms in dread of prophetic miracles.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:5
  label: challenger of the prophet
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Abū-Jahl tests Muhammad by asking what he holds in his hand and then rejects
    the miracle as magic.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
- id: role:6
  label: speaking witnesses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The stones speak from the closed hand and affirm God's unity and Muhammad's
    prophethood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:7
  label: divine or heavenly caller
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The voice calls 'Umer and gives instructions to relieve the servant's need.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:8
  label: obedient ruler and almsgiver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: "'Umer wakes, takes money, goes to the burial-ground, and searches for the
    servant."
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
- id: role:9
  label: needy honored servant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The heavenly voice calls him a servant held in high esteem and orders money
    to be delivered for his needs.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:10
  label: source of mercy and command
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: God's mercy prevents the staff of reason from failing, and the stones are
    said to obey God's will.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: staff of reason
  literal_form: staff / wooden leg
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: mountain steadfastness
  literal_form: mountain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: Moses' serpent
  literal_form: serpent from a staff
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:4
  label: moaning post
  literal_form: post giving a loud moan
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: speaking stones
  literal_form: stones in a closed hand speaking a confession
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
- id: sym:6
  label: public burial-ground
  literal_form: public burial-ground
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
- id: sym:7
  label: seven hundred golden sequins
  literal_form: money from the public treasury
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
- id: sym:8
  label: harpstrings' hire
  literal_form: payment for harpstrings
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Reason likened to a staff for the blind
  summary: The passage depicts mere reasoners as blind or crippled people who lean
    on a staff that may become a weapon or break unless aided by God's mercy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:2
  label: Prophetic miracles and sophistical resistance
  summary: The passage recalls Moses' staff becoming a serpent and Ahmed's post moaning,
    then says cavillers flee to sophisms because of prophetic miracles.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:3
  label: Stones testify in Abū-Jahl's hand
  summary: Abū-Jahl challenges Muhammad with stones hidden in his hand; Muhammad says
    the objects will speak, and the stones confess God's unity and Muhammad's prophethood.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: scene:4
  label: Heavenly command to aid the minstrel
  summary: A heavenly voice calls 'Umer, identifies a valued servant in the public
    burial-ground, and commands him to bring seven hundred golden sequins for the
    servant's needs and harpstrings' hire.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: scene:5
  label: "'Umer searches the burial-ground"
  summary: "'Umer wakes, carries the money to the burial-ground, finds only the minstrel
    there, wonders about the mystery, and approaches the sleeping guest."
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: faith and prophetic miracle surpassing mere reason
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage contrasts blind reliance on reason with faith and presents miracles
    that are accepted despite seeming unreasonable.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference 'wisdom' is broad; the passage is doctrinal and
    polemical rather than a complete wisdom tale.
- id: motif:2
  label: inanimate objects testify to divine truth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Stones in Abū-Jahl's closed hand speak a confession of God's unity and Muhammad's
    prophethood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: No specific available taxonomy item names speaking objects, so the taxonomy
    link remains broad.
- id: motif:3
  label: staff transformed into serpent
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: The passage explicitly says that one staff became a serpent in connection
    with Moses' miracle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage only briefly cites the miracle and does not narrate the full
    event.
- id: motif:4
  label: heavenly voice directs charitable relief
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: A heavenly voice commands 'Umer to take money from the public treasury and
    deliver it to an esteemed servant for his needs and harpstrings' hire.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
  - ev:13
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The exchange is commanded as relief/payment rather than a reciprocal ritual
    exchange; taxonomy fit is approximate.
- id: motif:5
  label: divinely guided search for a hidden holy person
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: "'Umer searches the burial-ground for the servant named by the voice, sees
    only the minstrel, doubts, and recognizes that a mystery is involved."
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
  - ev:13
  - ev:14
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The scene is a short search episode, not a full quest narrative.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: quote
  locator: lines 10286-10293
  quote_or_summary: '"Mere reasoners are cripples, propped on wooden leg"; blind men
    lean on a staff and risk falling.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: lines 10288-10289
  quote_or_summary: '"How different’s a pillar of our holy creed! / As mountain he
    is steadfast"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10299-10302
  quote_or_summary: Without God's mercy, favor, and grace, the staff of reason would
    snap and the blind would fall on their face.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10303-10308
  quote_or_summary: The staff is called a weapon for quarrelling and fighting, and
    the speaker asks the blind ones what they are doing.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 10313-10316
  quote_or_summary: '"One’s staff became a serpent; one’s post chose what is true.
    / From that staff came a serpent; from this post, loud moan."'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10323-10336
  quote_or_summary: Cavillers, like demons and wild beasts fleeing man, take refuge
    in sophisms because of prophetic miracles; they appear Muslim outwardly but are
    inwardly false.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10341-10344
  quote_or_summary: Abū-Jahl holds stones in his hand and challenges Muhammad to tell
    what he holds if he is a prophet.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10345-10348
  quote_or_summary: Muhammad replies that the things themselves will speak and that
    they will obey God's will.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: quote
  locator: lines 10350-10353
  quote_or_summary: A chorus bursts from the closed hand; the stones sing, "There
    is no god but God" and "Muhammed is God’s prophet."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt used.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10355-10358
  quote_or_summary: Abū-Jahl casts away the stones in anger and calls Muhammad the
    chief of magicians.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10364-10368
  quote_or_summary: A heavenly voice calls 'Umer and tells him to relieve the want
    of a highly esteemed servant in the public burial-ground.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10369-10374
  quote_or_summary: The voice instructs 'Umer to take seven hundred golden sequins
    from the public treasury and deliver them for present needs as the hire of the
    servant's harpstrings.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10376-10381
  quote_or_summary: "'Umer awakes, undertakes the task, goes toward the burial-ground
    with the money, and searches for the stranger."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
  type: summary
  locator: lines 10382-10399
  quote_or_summary: "'Umer finds no one but the minstrel, doubts he can be the servant,
    reflects that a mystery is present, and respectfully approaches the sleeping guest."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/sufi/project-gutenberg/mesnevi-book-1-redhouse.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage explicitly names the objects,
    figures, and actions. Motif classification is more cautious because the available
    taxonomy is broad and not tailored to Sufi miracle exempla.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-29'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly support a cross-tradition or historical comparison beyond its own references to prophetic miracle examples.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:sufi-rumi-mesnevi-book-1-redhouse-gutenberg__l10286-l10399
  passage_sha256=16ce064f34edbeb66402e3619f907677844357a1ea791137daa3e19e069826b4