Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.hindu-mahabharata-dutt-gutenberg-l6629-l6716

batch.motif.hindu-mahabharata-dutt-gutenberg-l6629-l6716

---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-mahabharata-dutt-gutenberg-l6629-l6716
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
passage_locator:
  label: BOOK XI / SRADDHA / BOOK XII / ASWA-MEDHA; lines 6629-6716
  start: '6629'
  end: '6716'
  translation: Maha-bharata
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage describes Yudhishthir''s aswa-medha: many animals and the
    sacrificial horse are prepared and immolated, celestial beings attend, priests
    perform the rite, Draupadi is placed beside the slain horse, the horse''s parts
    are offered on the altar, Yudhishthir distributes gifts, Vyasa returns the gift
    of the realm and instructs him to rule, the rite is said to cleanse Yudhishthir''s
    sins, and Krishna departs for Dwarka.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Bulls, steeds, and three hundred other creatures are tied to stakes for the
    rite.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Deva-rishis, gandharvas, apsaras, kinnaras, kim-purushas, siddhas, Narad,
    and Chetra-sena are present or active around the rite.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Priests slay the horse according to Vedic rules and place Draupadi beside
    the dead steed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Priests cook the horse, and Yudhishthir and his brothers inhale the fragrance
    and smoke.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Parts of the horse are placed on a blazing altar as an offering.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Yudhishthir gives gold to Brahmans and offers his realm and wealth to Vyasa.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Vyasa returns the realm to Yudhishthir and tells him to rule the nations of
    the earth.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The rite of ablution is said to cleanse Yudhishthir's sins.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Krishna leaves Hastina for Dwarka after the rite and gift-giving.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Yudhishthir
  description: Kuru monarch who sponsors the aswa-medha, receives the Kuru-land, gives
    gifts, and is said to have his sins cleansed.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Draupadi
  description: Named as Queen of yajna and placed beside the slain horse.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Priests and Brahmans
  description: Ritual officiants who slay and cook the horse, stand in order, receive
    gifts, and perform offerings.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Vyasa
  description: Ancient rishi and bard of the Vedas who blesses Yudhishthir, receives
    but returns the realm, and instructs him to rule.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Krishna
  description: Yudhishthir's friend who endorses Vyasa's words and later departs for
    Dwarka.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Yudhishthir's brothers
  description: Brothers who stand with Yudhishthir and inhale the sacrificial smoke
    with him.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Sacrificial horse
  description: Noble-breed horse slain in the aswa-medha, cooked, and offered in portions
    on the altar.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Celestial attendees and performers
  description: Divine or semi-divine beings who view, sing, dance, or stand around
    the sacred site.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Parting monarchs
  description: Kings who receive gifts from Yudhishthir and bless his name before
    departing.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: royal sacrificial patron
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Yudhishthir sponsors the aswa-medha and gives extensive gifts connected with
    the rite.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: Queen of yajna
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage explicitly calls Draupadi Queen of yajna and places her beside
    the slain steed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: ritual officiants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The priests stand in order, follow Vedic rules, slay and cook the horse,
    and place offerings on the altar.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: Vedic sage and royal legitimating speaker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Vyasa blesses the king, returns the realm, and tells Yudhishthir that the
    gods destined him to rule.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: counselor and departing companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Krishna advises obedience to Vyasa's mandate and later leaves for Dwarka.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: role:6
  label: purified ruler
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The rite of ablution is said to cleanse Yudhishthir's sins, and he is described
    as pure and high.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: gift recipients
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Brahmans and priests receive gold and rich dakshina.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:8
  label: royal kin participating in rite
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Yudhishthir's brothers inhale the sacrificial fragrance and stand with him
    afterward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: sacrificial victim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The horse is slain, cooked, divided, and offered on the altar.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:10
  label: celestial witnesses and performers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Divine and semi-divine beings view the feast, sing, dance, and stand around
    the sacred site.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:11
  label: recipient kings
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Monarchs receive gems, jewels, gold, garments, slaves, and damsels, then
    bless Yudhishthir.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: sacrificial horse
  literal_form: Slain aswa-medha horse whose body is cooked and offered.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: blazing altar
  literal_form: Altar on which horse fragments are placed as an offering.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: sacrificial smoke and fragrance
  literal_form: Smoke and fragrance from the cooked horse inhaled by Yudhishthir and
    his brothers.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: royal and priestly gifts
  literal_form: Gold, dakshina, gems, jewels, garments, slaves, damsels, and the offered
    realm.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: pure ablution
  literal_form: Ablution rite said to cleanse Yudhishthir's sins.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Celestial and ritual gathering at the aswa-medha
  summary: Animals are tied for the rite while divine and semi-divine beings, musicians,
    sages, and Brahmans gather around the sacred site.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Sacrifice of the horse
  summary: Priests kill the horse according to Vedic rules, place Draupadi beside
    it, cook it, and offer its parts on the altar while Yudhishthir and his brothers
    inhale the smoke and fragrance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Gifts and return of the realm
  summary: Yudhishthir gives gold and offers his realm to Vyasa; Vyasa returns the
    realm and instructs him to rule, with Krishna supporting the instruction.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Purification and regal display
  summary: The aswa-medha and ablution are said to bring fame, virtue, and cleansing
    of sins; Yudhishthir is compared to Indra among celestial beings, and monarchs
    receive gifts and depart blessing him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Krishna's departure
  summary: Krishna, described as faithful to the Pandavas in joy, sorrow, peace, and
    war, leaves Hastina for Dwarka.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: horse sacrifice as royal rite
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacrifice
  basis: The passage centers on the aswa-medha in which the horse and other animals
    are immolated, cooked, and offered by priests for Yudhishthir.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The extraction identifies the motif at passage level and does not infer
    ritual details beyond those stated.
- id: motif:2
  label: sacrifice conferring royal legitimacy
  taxonomy_refs:
  - royal_legitimacy
  basis: After the rite, Vyasa returns the realm and tells Yudhishthir the gods destined
    him to rule; the passage also emphasizes Yudhishthir's fame, virtue, and regal
    might.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage connects the rite and speeches with kingship, but broader
    political theology is not inferred.
- id: motif:3
  label: ritual gift exchange with renunciant return
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Yudhishthir gives immense wealth and the realm to Vyasa; Vyasa refuses to
    keep the earthly gift and returns the empire while directing priestly wealth to
    Brahmans.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The exchange is explicit, but its full ritual or legal meaning is not
    explained in the passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: ritual purification of sin
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage states that the rite of pure ablution cleanses Yudhishthir's
    sins.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names purification, so no taxonomy
    ID is assigned.
- id: motif:5
  label: divine and celestial witnessing of royal sacrifice
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Multiple celestial classes and heavenly figures attend, sing, dance, or observe
    the sacrificial rite.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents celestial attendance but does not state a separate
    doctrinal function for it.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: This passage is a clear instance of the sacrifice motif family, with animals
    and the aswa-medha horse ritually slain, cooked, and offered.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: sacrifice motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The claim is limited to motif classification and does not compare this
    episode to any external text.
- id: claim:2
  claim: 'The passage uses the sacrifice to support royal legitimacy: Yudhishthir
    is instructed to rule a divinely destined empire and is displayed in enhanced
    regal status after the rite.'
  claim_level: same_function
  target: royal_legitimacy motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: The passage supports the function within this episode; no historical
    claim about actual royal ritual practice is made.
- id: claim:3
  claim: 'The gift sequence fits a sacred exchange pattern: the king gives wealth
    and realm, the sage returns the realm, and priestly recipients receive dakshina.'
  claim_level: same_function
  target: sacred_exchange motif family
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage narrates exchange but does not explicitly theorize reciprocity,
    obligation, or sacramental economy.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6629-6652
  quote_or_summary: Bulls, steeds, and three hundred other creatures are tied to stakes;
    deva-rishis, gandharvas, apsaras, kinnaras, kim-purushas, siddhas, Narad, Chetra-sena,
    and Vedic pupils attend or perform around the sacred rite.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6653-6664
  quote_or_summary: In the section titled 'Sacrifice of the Horse,' priests guided
    by Vedic rules slay the noble horse and place Draupadi, called Queen of yajna,
    by the slain steed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6665-6676
  quote_or_summary: Priests cook the horse; Yudhishthir and his brothers inhale the
    fragrance and sin-destroying smoke; severed limbs and fragments of the horse are
    placed on the blazing altar; Vyasa blesses Yudhishthir and the assembled throng.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6677-6684
  quote_or_summary: Yudhishthir gives countless gold nishkas to Brahmans and offers
    all his realm and wealth to Vyasa, who returns the earthly gift rather than taking
    it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 6685-6696
  quote_or_summary: Vyasa says, 'Thine is Kuru's ancient empire' and tells Yudhishthir
    to rule his subjects as father and lord; Krishna says Vyasa speaks wisdom and
    should be obeyed; Yudhishthir receives the Kuru-land and enriches the priests.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation included.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6697-6710
  quote_or_summary: The aswa-medha brings Yudhishthir fame and virtue, the ablution
    cleanses his sins, he stands among his brothers like Indra among sky-dwellers,
    monarchs grace his might, and he gives rich gifts to them before they bless him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6711-6716
  quote_or_summary: Krishna, faithful to Arjun, Bhima, and Yudhishthir, mounts his
    car with tears and leaves Hastina for sea-girt Dwarka.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The main ritual, figures, and gift sequence are explicit. Motif labels beyond
    sacrifice and royal legitimacy are more interpretive and should be reviewed.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the provided passage and supplied taxonomy references; no external comparison texts or ritual details were added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-mahabharata-dutt-gutenberg__l6629-l6716
  passage_sha256=e646e96e3a42afe8b57199953665e76a65f09018b10d8164afc1da0e1ac17ff1