batch.motif.hindu-mahabharata-dutt-gutenberg-l414-l566
---
record_id: batch.motif.hindu-mahabharata-dutt-gutenberg-l414-l566
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
passage_locator:
label: CONDENSED INTO ENGLISH VERSE / THE EPIC OF ANCIENT INDIA / BOOK I / ASTRA
DARSANA; lines 414-566
start: '414'
end: '566'
translation: Maha-bharata
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: Karna repeats Arjun's martial feats, is welcomed by Duryodhan, and asks
to fight Arjun. Arjun and Karna exchange challenges. Omens and divine watchers
accompany their confrontation, while Pritha grieves silently because Karna is
her eldest son. Kripa demands that Karna declare his lineage before fighting a
prince. Karna cannot do so, and Duryodhan responds by making him king of Anga
through an anointing rite. Karna pledges friendship to Duryodhan. A chariot-driver
arrives and recognizes Karna as his son; Bhima mocks Karna's apparent low birth,
and Duryodhan defends valor over lineage.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: Drona gives the word for Karna to perform the same feats that Arjun had done.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: Duryodhan joyfully welcomes Karna and offers him wealth and kingdom.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Karna asks to combat Arjun and win the victor's reward.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:4
text: Arjun and Karna exchange hostile words before preparing to fight.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:5
text: Dark clouds, lightning, and cranes appear in the sky as Arjun and Karna take
their positions.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:6
text: Indra watches over Arjun with fatherly partiality, and Surya sheds light over
Karna.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:7
text: Pritha faints and later weeps silently because she knows Karna is her eldest
son.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:8
text: Kripa states that Arjun, as a prince, has a right to know Karna's lineage
before combat.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:9
text: Karna cannot proclaim his birth and lowers his head in shame.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:10
text: Duryodhan declares that valor can make Karna the peer of crowned kings.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:11
text: Karna is seated on a throne, anointed with rites, and made king of Anga.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:12
text: Karna asks how to repay Duryodhan, and Duryodhan asks only for his friendship.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: obs:13
text: Karna bows to a chariot-driver who hails him as son and embraces him.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: obs:14
text: Bhima mocks Karna as suited to a cattle-driver's goad rather than royal or
Kuru combat.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: obs:15
text: Duryodhan rebukes Bhima's taunts and says noble deeds proclaim the warrior
regardless of source.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Karna
description: Warrior called Pritha's son; rival of Arjun; crowned king of Anga;
recognized by a chariot-driver as his son.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:4
- role:5
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:7
- ev:9
- ev:11
- ev:13
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Arjun
description: Helmet-wearing son of Pandu and Pritha; warrior challenged by Karna;
watched over by Indra.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:6
- ev:8
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Duryodhan
description: Kuru prince who welcomes Karna, makes him king of Anga, asks for his
friendship, and defends him against Bhima.
role_refs:
- role:2
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:10
- ev:11
- ev:12
- ev:15
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Drona
description: Teacher or authority who gives the word and stands by Arjun.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:5
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Indra
description: Rain-god who watches over Arjun with fatherly partiality.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Surya
description: Sun-god who sheds light over Karna.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Pritha
description: Mother of Arjun and Karna; she faints and weeps when her sons are in
combat.
role_refs:
- role:3
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Vidura
description: Wise figure who revives Pritha with sandal-drops and sprinkled waters.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Kripa
description: Herald skilled in duties who demands Karna's lineage before combat
with Arjun.
role_refs:
- role:12
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Bhima
description: Warrior who mocks Karna's apparent chariot-driver status.
role_refs:
- role:13
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Chariot-driver
description: Humble charioteer who arrives, is honored by Karna, and calls Karna
his son and pride.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- id: fig:12
name_or_label: Brahmans
description: Ritual specialists who chant sacred mantra during Karna's anointing.
role_refs:
- role:14
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: fig:13
name_or_label: Bhishma
description: Old warrior standing by Arjun with Drona.
role_refs:
- role:15
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
label: rival warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:1
- fig:2
basis: Karna asks to combat Arjun, and both prepare for a duel with hostile words.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:2
label: patron and ally-maker
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Duryodhan welcomes Karna, grants kingship, and requests friendship in return.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:11
- ev:12
- id: role:3
label: parent or parent-like divine watcher
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:7
basis: Indra watches Arjun with fatherly love, and Pritha is identified as mother
of Arjun and Karna.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:4
label: newly anointed king
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Karna is seated on a throne, anointed, and proclaimed king of Anga.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:5
label: concealed high-born son
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Pritha knows Karna is her eldest son, but Karna cannot proclaim his birth
before the assembly.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: role:6
label: son of chariot-driver as publicly recognized
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The chariot-driver hails Karna as his son, leading Bhima to question Karna's
status.
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- ev:14
- id: role:7
label: defender of valor over birth
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Duryodhan says noble deeds proclaim the warrior and questions not their source.
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
- id: role:8
label: martial authority
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Drona gives the word and is present as an authority in the field.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:4
- id: role:9
label: divine patron-like watcher
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Surya sheds light over Karna during the confrontation.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:10
label: parental figure
assigned_to:
- fig:7
- fig:11
basis: Pritha is mother of Karna and Arjun; the chariot-driver hails Karna as son.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:13
- id: role:11
label: reviver and dutiful counselor
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Vidura comes anxiously and revives Pritha with drops and waters.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:12
label: herald and lineage examiner
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Kripa speaks in heraldic duty and demands Karna's lineage.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: role:13
label: insulter of low birth
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: Bhima mocks Karna as suited to a cattle-driver's goad.
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: role:14
label: ritual officiants
assigned_to:
- fig:12
basis: Brahmans chant sacred mantra during Karna's anointing.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: role:15
label: supporting elder warrior
assigned_to:
- fig:13
basis: Bhishma stands by Arjun along with Drona.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: water of revival and anointing
literal_form: sandal-drops, sprinkled waters, water jar, and moist anointing water
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:12
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:11
- id: sym:2
label: throne
literal_form: throne on which Karna is seated before anointing
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:3
label: red umbrella
literal_form: red umbrella raised after Karna's anointing
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:4
label: chowri fan
literal_form: chowri fan waved for the crowned monarch
associated_figures:
- fig:1
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:5
label: goad of cattle-drivers
literal_form: goad named by Bhima as more fitting for Karna's hand
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:10
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
- id: sym:6
label: sunward gaze
literal_form: Karna gazes upon the sun after Bhima's insult
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:14
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Karna welcomed as Arjun's rival
summary: After Karna repeats Arjun's feats, Duryodhan welcomes him and Karna asks
to fight Arjun.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:2
label: Duel challenge under omens and divine watchers
summary: Arjun and Karna exchange insults and prepare for combat as clouds gather;
Indra watches Arjun and Surya illumines Karna.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:13
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- id: scene:3
label: Lineage demanded before combat
summary: Kripa declares Arjun's lineage and asks Karna to name his parents and house;
Karna cannot proclaim his birth and lowers his head.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:9
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: scene:4
label: Anointment of Karna as king of Anga
summary: Duryodhan answers the lineage challenge by declaring Karna worthy through
valor and arranging his royal anointing as king of Anga.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:12
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: scene:5
label: Friendship sealed between Karna and Duryodhan
summary: Karna asks what return he can make for the kingdom, and Duryodhan asks
only for loyal friendship; Karna agrees and embraces him.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:12
- id: scene:6
label: Chariot-driver and insult of birth
summary: A chariot-driver recognizes Karna as his son; Bhima mocks Karna's status,
and Karna silently looks toward the sun.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:10
- fig:11
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
- sym:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:13
- ev:14
- id: scene:7
label: Duryodhan defends Karna's worth
summary: Duryodhan rebukes Bhima's taunts and argues that noble deeds, not birth
alone, reveal a warrior.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:10
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:15
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: rival warriors challenge each other before public combat
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Karna seeks combat with Arjun; both exchange formal hostile speeches and
take up weapons before the assembly.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: This is a narrative combat-rivalry pattern rather than a supplied taxonomy
family.
- id: motif:2
label: royal legitimacy conferred by anointing
taxonomy_refs:
- royal_legitimacy
basis: Duryodhan answers questions about Karna's birth by having him seated on a
throne, ritually anointed, and proclaimed king of Anga.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: The passage emphasizes political and ritual recognition, but the legitimacy
remains contested by later insult.
- id: motif:3
label: divine parent-child or divine patron alignment in heroic rivalry
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_parent_child
basis: Indra watches over Arjun with fatherly partiality, while Surya sheds light
over Karna during the confrontation.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage explicitly gives fatherly relation only for Indra and Arjun;
Surya's relation to Karna is described here as protective illumination, not as
paternity.
- id: motif:4
label: concealed noble birth and public shame
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Pritha knows Karna is her eldest son, but Karna cannot declare his birth
when Kripa demands his lineage and is publicly shamed.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference directly names this motif.
- id: motif:5
label: kingdom exchanged for loyal friendship
taxonomy_refs:
- sacred_exchange
basis: Karna asks how to repay Duryodhan's gift of kingdom, and Duryodhan requests
only friendship and loyal aid.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- ev:12
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage presents a solemn political-personal exchange; it does not
explicitly call the exchange sacred, though it follows a ritual coronation.
- id: motif:6
label: valor over birth as warrior criterion
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Duryodhan argues that noble deeds proclaim a warrior and that source or birth
should not be questioned.
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- ev:15
confidence: high
cautions: This is a social-ethical narrative pattern, not one of the supplied taxonomy
families.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 414-417
quote_or_summary: Drona gives the word, and Karna, identified as Pritha's war-loving
son, performs the feats Arjun had done.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 421-426
quote_or_summary: Duryodhan joyfully embraces Karna, welcomes him as a mighty chieftain,
and offers him wealth and kingdom.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: quote
locator: lines 427-428
quote_or_summary: "“But I seek to combat Arjun and to win the victor's meed!”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quote.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 433-448
quote_or_summary: Arjun denounces Karna as an uninvited boaster; Karna replies that
the field is open to warriors by prowess and tells Arjun to speak with arrows.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 449-462
quote_or_summary: Drona permits the combat; Arjun and Karna separate from their
supporters, clouds and flashes gather, and Duryodhan stands by Karna while Drona
and Bhishma stand by Arjun.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: quote
locator: lines 455-458
quote_or_summary: "“Rain-god INDRA over Arjun watched with father's partial love,
/ Sun-god SURYA over Karna shed his light from far above.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quote.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 463-472
quote_or_summary: Pritha faints from divided love; Vidura revives her with sandal-drops
and sprinkled waters; she sees her sons in combat and silently weeps because Karna
is her eldest son.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 476-486
quote_or_summary: Kripa identifies Arjun as Pandu's son, born of Pritha, and asks
Karna to declare his lineage, mother, father, and house before fighting a prince.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: quote
locator: lines 487-488
quote_or_summary: "“Karna silent heard this mandate but his birth could not proclaim.”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quote.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 489-494
quote_or_summary: Duryodhan says a prince is not reckoned by birth alone and declares
that Karna's valor makes him the peer of crowned kings.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 495-502
quote_or_summary: Corn, treasure, golden coin, and a water jar are brought; Karna
is seated on a throne, Brahmans chant mantra, Karna is anointed king of Anga,
and the red umbrella and chowri fan are raised.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:12
type: summary
locator: lines 503-514
quote_or_summary: After the rites, Karna asks Duryodhan what return he can make
for the kingdom; Duryodhan asks for friendship, and Karna agrees and embraces
him.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:13
type: summary
locator: lines 518-528
quote_or_summary: A weary chariot-driver arrives; Karna bows to him as to a dear
parent, and the driver hails Karna as his son, embraces him, and sheds tears on
his forehead.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:14
type: summary
locator: lines 529-542
quote_or_summary: Bhima wonders if Karna is a chariot-driver's son and mocks him
as fitter for a cattle-driver's goad than for royal combat; Karna gives no answer
and gazes at the sun.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:15
type: quote
locator: lines 546-566
quote_or_summary: "“Noble deeds proclaim the warrior, and we question not their
source!”"
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/hindu/project-gutenberg/mahabharata-dutt.md
rights_note: Public domain source; short quote.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Passage details are explicit for rivalry, anointing, hidden birth, and social-status
conflict. Taxonomy matches are strongest for royal_legitimacy and weaker for divine_parent_child
and sacred_exchange.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No comparison claims were added because the passage does not itself make an explicit cross-traditional or broader comparative claim.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:hindu-mahabharata-dutt-gutenberg__l414-l566
passage_sha256=71001119c5d8b04b922bfb3a944e3fa2e8684220b6a8f8ccfcdb133d7f2db66c