Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l7580-l7675

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l7580-l7675

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l7580-l7675
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC / GERAINT THE SON OF ERBIN / THE DREAM OF RHONABWY
    / PWYLL PRINCE OF DYVED; lines 7580-7675
  start: '7580'
  end: '7675'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Gwydion brings swine into Gwynedd while Pryderi gathers forces in pursuit.
    Gwydion and Gilvaethwy return secretly to Math's court, where Gilvaethwy wrongs
    Goewin. Gwynedd and the men of the South fight; peace is sought through hostages,
    then Pryderi and Gwydion settle the matter in single combat. Gwydion kills Pryderi
    by strength and magic, and Pryderi is buried. Math later learns of the wrong done
    to Goewin, marries her and grants her dominion, then begins punishment of Gwydion
    and Gilvaethwy.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Gwydion urges his men to bring the animals onward to Gwynedd because pursuing
    hosts are gathering.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The men make a sty for the swine at the highest town of Arllechwedd, and the
    place receives a name connected with that act.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Pryderi assembles twenty-one Cantrevs to pursue Gwydion and his party.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: At night Gwydion and Gilvaethwy return to Caer Dathyl, and Gilvaethwy takes
    Math's couch and makes Goewin remain unwillingly.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The warriors choose to await Pryderi and the men of the South in the strongholds
    of Gwynedd in Arvon.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Pryderi attacks; a combat occurs with great slaughter on both sides, and the
    men of the South are forced to flee.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Pryderi gives hostages, including Gwrgi Gwastra and twenty-three other noble
    sons, so that he may have peace.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Pryderi proposes that the man who wronged him should fight him personally
    so the people remain unharmed.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Gwydion agrees not to ask the men of Gwynedd to fight because of him and accepts
    personal combat with Pryderi.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: Gwydion and Pryderi arm themselves and fight; Pryderi is slain through Gwydion's
    strength, fierceness, magic, and charms.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:11
  text: Pryderi is buried at Maen Tyriawc above Melenryd, where the passage says his
    grave is located.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: The men of the South return sorrowfully after losing their lord, many warriors,
    and much equipment.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:13
  text: Math releases the hostages of the men of the South at Gwydion's request.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:14
  text: Goewin tells Math that she can no longer hold his feet because she is now
    a wife, and reports that Gwydion and Gilvaethwy wronged her and dishonoured him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:15
  text: Math promises compensation to Goewin, takes her as his wife, and gives possession
    of his dominions into her hands.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:16
  text: Gwydion and Gilvaethwy avoid court until food and drink are forbidden to them;
    when they come to Math, he begins their punishment.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Gwydion son of Don
  description: Leader who brings the animals into Gwynedd, is pursued by Pryderi,
    fights Pryderi personally, kills him by strength and magic, asks for the hostages'
    release, and later submits to Math's will.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:9
  - ev:11
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Gilvaethwy son of Don
  description: Gwydion's brother; returns to Caer Dathyl at night, takes Math's couch,
    makes Goewin remain unwillingly, and later comes before Math for punishment.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Math son of Mathonwy
  description: Ruler at Caer Dathyl who commands forces of Gwynedd, accepts the proposal
    for single combat, releases hostages, compensates and marries Goewin, and begins
    punishment of Gwydion and Gilvaethwy.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Pryderi
  description: Lord of the men of the South who assembles forces in pursuit, gives
    hostages for peace, demands personal redress from Gwydion, fights him, is slain,
    and is buried at Maen Tyriawc.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Goewin
  description: Maiden associated with Math's foot-holding; she is made to remain unwillingly
    by Gilvaethwy, reports an attack and dishonour, and is then married and compensated
    by Math.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Men of Gwynedd
  description: Forces on Math's side who array themselves, fight the men of the South,
    return joyful, and release hostages.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Men of the South
  description: Pryderi's forces who attack, suffer slaughter, flee, seek peace, and
    later return sorrowfully after losing their lord and warriors.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Gwrgi Gwastra and twenty-three noble sons
  description: Hostages given by Pryderi so that he might have peace.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Leader transporting pursued animals
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Gwydion directs his men to move the animals onward because hosts are pursuing
    them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: Wrongdoer against Goewin and Math
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  basis: Goewin names Gwydion and Gilvaethwy as those who wronged her and dishonoured
    Math; Gilvaethwy is directly described taking Math's couch and making Goewin remain
    unwillingly.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
- id: role:3
  label: Magical combatant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pryderi is slain in personal combat by Gwydion's strength, fierceness, magic,
    and charms.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: Ruler and military authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Math receives reports, commands or consents in matters of war and hostages,
    and is addressed as lord.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: Judge and compensator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Math promises to compensate Goewin, makes amends for himself, and begins
    punishment of Gwydion and Gilvaethwy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: role:6
  label: Pursuing lord seeking redress
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Pryderi assembles forces in pursuit and asks that the man who wronged him
    oppose him personally.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: Slain and buried lord
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Pryderi is killed by Gwydion and buried at Maen Tyriawc.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:8
  label: Injured woman compensated by marriage and dominion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Goewin reports the attack and wrong done to her; Math takes her as wife and
    grants dominion into her hands.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:9
  label: Victorious host
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The men of Gwynedd fight, force the opposing army to flee, and return joyful
    and triumphant.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: role:10
  label: Defeated host
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The men of the South flee, seek peace, and return sorrowfully after losses.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: Peace hostages
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Gwrgi Gwastra and twenty-three noble sons are given as hostages for peace.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Swine in a sty
  literal_form: Swine housed in a newly made sty at Arllechwedd
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Math's couch
  literal_form: Couch of Math son of Mathonwy at Caer Dathyl
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:10
- id: sym:3
  label: Hostages for peace
  literal_form: Gwrgi Gwastra and twenty-three noble sons pledged by Pryderi
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:9
- id: sym:4
  label: Magic and charms in combat
  literal_form: Magic and charms used by Gwydion in the duel
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: Pryderi's grave
  literal_form: Burial and grave at Maen Tyriawc above Melenryd
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:6
  label: Dominions placed in Goewin's hands
  literal_form: Possession of Math's dominions granted to Goewin
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Transport of the swine and pursuit
  summary: Gwydion moves the animals toward Gwynedd, has a sty made for the swine,
    and learns that Pryderi is assembling a large pursuit.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Night return to Caer Dathyl
  summary: Gwydion and Gilvaethwy return at night to Math's court; Gilvaethwy takes
    Math's couch and compels Goewin to remain unwillingly.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Battle in Gwynedd
  summary: Math's side prepares in the strongholds of Gwynedd. Pryderi attacks, both
    sides suffer losses, and the men of the South are driven to flight and seek peace.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Hostages, single combat, and burial
  summary: Pryderi gives hostages for peace but then seeks personal combat with Gwydion.
    The two fight; Gwydion kills Pryderi through strength and magic, and Pryderi is
    buried.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Aftermath at Caer Dathyl
  summary: Gwydion asks Math to release the hostages. Math returns to court, learns
    from Goewin what happened, compensates and marries her, and later begins punishment
    of Gwydion and Gilvaethwy.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Animals taken into another territory provoke pursuit and war
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_theft
  basis: Gwydion moves sought-after animals into Gwynedd, Pryderi assembles forces
    in pursuit, and the conflict escalates into battle and single combat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage says the animals were the object of a quest and pursuit but
    does not include the earlier acquisition episode; the theft aspect is inferred
    only from the pursuit and later accusation of wrong.
- id: motif:2
  label: Single combat substitutes for wider battle
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Pryderi asks that the man who wronged him oppose him personally so the people
    remain unscathed, and Gwydion agrees to fight him himself.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference directly matches this motif.
- id: motif:3
  label: Magic-assisted duel resulting in death
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The duel between Gwydion and Pryderi ends with Pryderi slain through Gwydion's
    strength, fierceness, magic, and charms.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference directly matches magical single combat.
- id: motif:4
  label: Hostages pledged and released in a peace settlement
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Pryderi gives noble hostages for peace, and Math later releases them at Gwydion's
    request.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The hostage exchange is political and martial; the 'sacred_exchange' taxonomy
    reference is only a broad functional fit.
- id: motif:5
  label: Wrongdoing within the ruler's household answered by compensation and punishment
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Goewin reports the wrong done to her and dishonour done to Math; Math compensates
    her by marriage and dominion and then begins punishment of Gwydion and Gilvaethwy.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage begins but does not complete the punishment sequence.
- id: motif:6
  label: Death of a lord followed by named burial place
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: After Pryderi is killed, the passage identifies his burial at Maen Tyriawc
    and states that his grave is there.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference directly matches named heroic burial.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 7580-7587
  quote_or_summary: Gwydion tells his men to move forward to Gwynedd with the animals
    because hosts are pursuing; they make a sty for the swine at Arllechwedd.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 7587-7595
  quote_or_summary: At Caer Dathyl, Gwydion learns that Pryderi is assembling twenty-one
    Cantrevs to pursue him; Math asks where the animals are.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 7599-7604
  quote_or_summary: At night Gwydion and Gilvaethwy return to Caer Dathyl; Gilvaethwy
    takes Math's couch, sends away other damsels, and makes Goewin remain unwillingly.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 7605-7618
  quote_or_summary: The warriors decide to await Pryderi in the strongholds of Gwynedd;
    Pryderi attacks, great slaughter occurs, and the men of the South are forced to
    flee.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 7619-7626
  quote_or_summary: 'To obtain peace, Pryderi gives hostages: Gwrgi Gwastra and twenty-three
    other noble sons.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 7626-7641
  quote_or_summary: Pryderi asks that the wrong be settled between him and Gwydion;
    Gwydion says he will not ask Gwynedd's men to fight because of him and will fight
    Pryderi himself.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 7642-7646
  quote_or_summary: Gwydion and Pryderi arm themselves and fight; through Gwydion's
    strength, fierceness, magic, and charms, Pryderi is killed and buried at Maen
    Tyriawc.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 7647-7651
  quote_or_summary: The men of the South return sorrowfully after losing their lord,
    many warriors, and much of their horses and arms.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 7652-7659
  quote_or_summary: The victorious men of Gwynedd return; Gwydion asks Math to release
    the hostages, and Math allows them to go free.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 7660-7670
  quote_or_summary: At Caer Dathyl, Math asks Goewin to hold his feet; she reports
    she is now a wife, says Gwydion and Gilvaethwy wronged her and dishonoured Math,
    and Math marries her and gives his dominions into her hands.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: 7671-7675
  quote_or_summary: Gwydion and Gilvaethwy avoid court until food and drink are forbidden
    to them; when they come to Math and submit to his will, he says he will begin
    their punishment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary only.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal event extraction is strong. Motif mapping is more cautious because
    several clear passage patterns do not have exact matches in the supplied taxonomy
    list, and the prior acquisition of the swine lies outside this passage.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly support comparison with another tradition or text. The sexual wrong against Goewin is summarized in the passage's own indirect terms without expanding beyond the provided wording.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l7580-l7675
  passage_sha256=e4876eada48a6019971d732d19f93d055d9c43466e0ca99eed2f0ddac95435bb