Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l6937-l7016

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l6937-l7016

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l6937-l7016
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC / GERAINT THE SON OF ERBIN / THE DREAM OF RHONABWY
    / PWYLL PRINCE OF DYVED; lines 6937-7016
  start: '6937'
  end: '7016'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The surviving companions carry Bendigeid Vran's head toward Harlech and
    hear of Caswallawn's conquest and invisible killings. At Harlech they feast for
    seven years while three birds sing. At Gwales they spend eighty joyous years with
    the head, forgetting sorrow until Heilyn opens a forbidden door toward Cornwall;
    memory and grief return, and they bury the head in the White Mount, where its
    concealment protects the island from overseas invasion. The passage then recounts
    that Ireland is repopulated by five sons born to five pregnant women who survived
    in a cave.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Seven men journey toward Harlech while bearing a head with them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A multitude reports that Caswallawn son of Beli has conquered the Island of
    the Mighty and been crowned king in London.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Caswallawn kills six men while concealed by the Veil of Illusion; observers
    can see the sword but not the wielder.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: Caradawc's heart breaks from grief after seeing the sword kill the men without
    seeing who wielded it.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:5
  text: At Harlech, three birds sing a song that makes all other songs seem unpleasant;
    the birds seem far over the sea yet appear distinct as if close by.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: The Harlech repast continues for seven years.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:7
  text: At Gwales the companions find a hall with two open doors and a third closed
    door looking toward Cornwall, which Manawyddan says they may not open.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: During the sojourn at Gwales, they remember neither food previously seen nor
    sorrow, remain joyful, do not feel weary, and do not know how much time has passed.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: Heilyn opens the closed door; after looking toward Cornwall and Aber Henvelen,
    the companions become conscious of former evils, lost friends, misery, and their
    lord's fate.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: The companions bury the head in the White Mount; while the head remains concealed
    there, no invasion from across the sea comes to the island.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: In Ireland, only five pregnant women survive in a cave in the wilderness;
    each bears a son in the same night.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:12
  text: The five sons grow up, take wives from the mothers of their companions, govern
    the country, and people it.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: The five sons divide Ireland among themselves, and the passage explains the
    five divisions of Ireland by this partition.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: the seven men journeying from Ireland
  description: The surviving group travels with the head, rests at Harlech, stays
    at Gwales, and later carries the head to London for burial.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Manawyddan
  description: He asks the encountered multitude for tidings and later identifies
    the door that may not be opened.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Caswallawn son of Beli
  description: He conquers the Island of the Mighty, is crowned king in London, and
    kills men while hidden by the Veil of Illusion.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Caradawc son of Bran
  description: He sees the killing sword but not its wielder, and his heart breaks
    from grief.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Pendaran Dyved
  description: A young page who escapes into the wood.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: three birds / birds of Rhiannon
  description: Three birds sing at Harlech; the passage later identifies the singing
    as that of the birds of Rhiannon.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Bendigeid Vran / Bran / the noble Head
  description: The head is carried by the companions, remains with them during the
    eighty-year sojourn, and is buried in the White Mount.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Heilyn son of Gwynn
  description: He declares that he will open the forbidden door and does so.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: five pregnant women in the Irish wilderness
  description: They are the only survivors left alive in Ireland and give birth to
    five sons in a cave.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: five sons born in Ireland
  description: Born to the five surviving pregnant women, they mature, take wives,
    govern and people the country, and divide it into five parts.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Branwen
  description: The passage's closing summary links this portion of the Mabinogi to
    the blow given to Branwen and the revenge expedition to Ireland.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: surviving companions and bearers of the head
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: They journey with the head, feast, sojourn, and finally carry it toward London
    for burial.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: speaker who seeks tidings and identifies taboo boundary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Manawyddan asks for news and says the closed door is one they may not open.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: conqueror and invisible killer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Caswallawn conquers the island, becomes king, and kills under the Veil of
    Illusion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: grief-stricken witness
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Caradawc sees the killing sword but not the wielder, and his heart breaks
    from grief.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: escaped page
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Pendaran Dyved is said to have escaped into the wood.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: enchanted singers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The birds sing an incomparable song during the Harlech feast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: dead lord present as protective head
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The head remains with the companions, is treated as though Bran himself were
    present, and its concealment prevents sea-borne invasion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: opener of the forbidden door
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Heilyn opens the door that had been identified as one not to be opened.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:9
  label: surviving mothers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The five pregnant women survive in a cave and give birth to five sons.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:10
  label: repopulators and territorial founders
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The five sons govern, people the country, and divide Ireland among themselves.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:11
  label: wronged woman whose blow prompts revenge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: The passage summarizes the story as concerning the blow given to Branwen
    and the expedition to avenge it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Veil of Illusion
  literal_form: A veil cast on Caswallawn so that no one can see him, only the killing
    sword.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: visible sword without visible wielder
  literal_form: The sword that kills the men is visible while the wielder is hidden.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: three singing birds
  literal_form: Three birds singing at Harlech, later called the birds of Rhiannon.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: sym:4
  label: the noble head
  literal_form: The head of Bendigeid Vran / Bran carried by the companions and later
    buried.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
- id: sym:5
  label: closed third door toward Cornwall
  literal_form: A third door in the hall at Gwales, closed and identified as not to
    be opened.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: White Mount burial place
  literal_form: The White Mount where the head is buried in concealment.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:7
  label: cave in the Irish wilderness
  literal_form: A cave where five pregnant women survive in Ireland.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs:
  - cave
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: fivefold division of Ireland
  literal_form: The partition of Ireland among five sons, explaining the five divisions
    of Ireland.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: News of Caswallawn's conquest and invisible killings
  summary: The seven men carrying the head meet a multitude and hear that Caswallawn
    has conquered the island, killed six men while concealed, and left Caradawc dead
    of grief.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Seven-year feast at Harlech with the birds of Rhiannon
  summary: At Harlech the companions feast while three birds sing an incomparable
    song, and the repast lasts seven years.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: scene:3
  label: Eighty-year joyous sojourn at Gwales
  summary: The companions enter a hall at Gwales with two open doors and one closed
    door, feast joyfully, forget sorrow, feel no weariness, and remain with the head
    for eighty years.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Opening of the forbidden door and burial of the head
  summary: Heilyn opens the door toward Cornwall; memory of suffering returns, the
    companions can no longer rest, and they bury the head in the White Mount, where
    its concealment protects the island from invasion.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Survival and repopulation of Ireland
  summary: After the devastation in Ireland, five pregnant women survive in a cave,
    bear five sons, and those sons grow up to govern, repopulate, and divide the country.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Invisible killer under a magical concealment
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Caswallawn kills while hidden by the Veil of Illusion, so that only the sword
    is seen.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage names the device but does not elaborate its origin or wider
    rules.
- id: motif:2
  label: Enchanted feast with altered perception of time and distance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: The companions feast for seven years while birds sing from a seeming distance
    over the sea yet appear close and distinct.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage does not explicitly call this an otherworld journey, though
    the time span and perception are extraordinary.
- id: motif:3
  label: Joyous timeless sojourn with forgetfulness of sorrow
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: At Gwales the companions forget sorrow, feel no weariness, do not know the
    time spent there, and remain eighty years.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: Classification as a quest or otherworldly sojourn is interpretive; the
    literal passage describes the effects without naming their cause.
- id: motif:4
  label: Forbidden door whose opening restores painful knowledge
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: A closed door is identified as not to be opened; after Heilyn opens it, the
    companions regain consciousness of losses, evils, misery, and their lord's fate.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The forbidden object is a door, not an abstract doctrine; the knowledge
    recovered is memory of suffering.
- id: motif:5
  label: Protective burial of a severed head
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The head is buried in the White Mount, and no invasion from across the sea
    comes while it remains concealed there.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy ref exactly names a protective buried head or talismanic
    concealment.
- id: motif:6
  label: Concealment and ill-fated disclosure
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The burial is called the third goodly concealment, and its later disinterment
    is called the third ill-fated disclosure.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage mentions the ordinal pattern but does not identify the other
    concealments or disclosures.
- id: motif:7
  label: Survivors in a cave repopulate a devastated land
  taxonomy_refs:
  - death_rebirth
  basis: Only five pregnant women remain alive in Ireland; their five sons grow up,
    take wives, govern the country, and people it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The motif involves social renewal after devastation, but the passage does
    not describe literal resurrection or a flood.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6937-6948
  quote_or_summary: The seven men travel toward Harlech with the head; a multitude
    reports Caswallawn's conquest, his killing of six men under the Veil of Illusion,
    Caradawc's death from grief, and Pendaran Dyved's escape.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6950-6956
  quote_or_summary: At Harlech the companions eat and drink; three birds sing an incomparable
    song, seem far over the sea yet appear close, and the repast lasts seven years.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6958-6969
  quote_or_summary: At Gwales they enter a hall with two open doors and a closed third
    door toward Cornwall; Manawyddan says it may not be opened. They feast joyfully,
    forget sorrow, feel no weariness, lose awareness of time, and remain eighty years
    with the head.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6971-6981
  quote_or_summary: Heilyn opens the closed door; the companions remember all evils,
    lost companions, misery, and their lord's fate. They carry the head to London
    and bury it in the White Mount; the concealment prevents overseas invasion while
    it lasts.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6985-6992
  quote_or_summary: In Ireland only five pregnant women in a wilderness cave survive;
    each bears a son the same night, and the sons grow up, take wives from the mothers
    of their companions, govern the country, and people it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6994-6996
  quote_or_summary: The five sons divide Ireland among themselves, explaining its
    five divisions, and find gold and silver on the battlefields.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 6998-7005
  quote_or_summary: The closing summary names the blow given to Branwen, the expedition
    to Ireland to avenge it, the seven-year banquet in Harlech, the singing of the
    birds of Rhiannon, and the head's eighty-year sojourn.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal events and figures are explicit in the passage. Motif labels are
    cautious and limited to the supplied taxonomy where applicable. No external comparison
    claims were added.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the provided passage and metadata were used; no external Mabinogion context was added.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l6937-l7016
  passage_sha256=726ddb3073ddac17944705a2f750805c38ee71d089607dc62ebe49d44cb9c9d2