Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l6075-l6159

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l6075-l6159

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l6075-l6159
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC / GERAINT THE SON OF ERBIN / THE DREAM OF RHONABWY
    / PWYLL PRINCE OF DYVED; lines 6075-6159
  start: '6075'
  end: '6159'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Pwyll and his companions repeatedly see a lady riding past near a mound.
    Pursuit on swift horses cannot overtake her, though she appears to keep the same
    pace. On the third day Pwyll calls to her to stop, and she does so. She reveals
    herself as Rhiannon, daughter of Heveydd Hên, says she came seeking Pwyll because
    she loves him and refuses an unwanted husband, and asks him to pledge to meet
    her in a year at her father's palace. Pwyll agrees, later arrives with a hundred
    knights, and is joyfully received.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A rider pursues the lady across an open level plain, but the more he urges
    his horse, the farther she is from him, although she appears to keep the same
    pace.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Pwyll interprets the failed pursuit as involving some kind of illusion.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: On the following day a young man on the swiftest horse available again fails
    to overtake the lady, who rides in the same apparel, on the same horse, along
    the same road, and at the same pace.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: On the third day Pwyll himself follows the lady but cannot get nearer to her
    by increasing his horse's speed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: When Pwyll asks the maiden to stay for him, she stops and says it would have
    been better for his horse if he had asked earlier.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:6
  text: The maiden uncovers her face, looks at Pwyll, and speaks with him.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:7
  text: The maiden says her chief quest was to seek Pwyll and identifies herself as
    Rhiannon, daughter of Heveydd Hên.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:8
  text: Rhiannon says others sought to give her to a husband against her will, but
    she would not have a husband because of her love for Pwyll unless Pwyll rejects
    her.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:9
  text: Pwyll says that if he could choose among all ladies and damsels in the world,
    he would choose Rhiannon.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:10
  text: Rhiannon asks Pwyll to pledge to meet her before she is given to another,
    naming the palace of Heveydd one year later as the meeting place and promising
    a feast.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:11
  text: After a year Pwyll travels with a hundred knights to the palace of Heveydd
    Hên, where he is received with joy and preparations.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Pwyll
  description: A lord who observes and pursues the lady, speaks with her, agrees to
    her tryst, and later travels to Heveydd Hên's palace with a hundred knights.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Rhiannon
  description: A maiden or lady riding past on horseback, later identified as Rhiannon,
    daughter of Heveydd Hên, who came seeking Pwyll and refused an unwanted husband.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: First pursuer
  description: An unnamed rider who takes a horse and fails to overtake the lady.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Young man
  description: An unnamed young man sent by Pwyll on the second day with the swiftest
    horse to learn who the lady is; he fails to overtake her.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Pwyll's hosts and household
  description: The group accompanying Pwyll to the mound and later present when he
    returns from speaking with the damsel.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:11
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Heveydd Hên
  description: Rhiannon's father, whose palace is named as the place of the future
    meeting.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Unnamed unwanted husband
  description: A husband to whom others sought to give Rhiannon against her will.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Hundred knights
  description: The hundred knights whom Pwyll causes to equip themselves and take
    him to Heveydd Hên's palace.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: lord and suitor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pwyll commands attendants, pursues the lady, accepts her love, and chooses
    her among all women.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: role:2
  label: elusive mounted lady
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Rhiannon appears repeatedly on horseback and cannot be overtaken by riders
    until verbally asked to stop.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:3
  label: self-choosing beloved
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Rhiannon says she came seeking Pwyll, loves him, and refuses the husband
    chosen for her unless Pwyll rejects her.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: pledged guest at future feast
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pwyll pledges to meet Rhiannon at Heveydd's palace in a year and later arrives
    there with knights.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: role:5
  label: failed pursuer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  basis: Both unnamed riders attempt to follow the lady and report that pursuit does
    not avail.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: father of Rhiannon and palace-holder
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Rhiannon names herself as daughter of Heveydd Hên and directs Pwyll to his
    palace.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: role:7
  label: unwanted prospective husband
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Rhiannon says others sought to give her to a husband against her will and
    asks Pwyll to meet her before she is given to another.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
- id: role:8
  label: retinue
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Pwyll has a hundred knights equip themselves and accompany him to Heveydd
    Hên's palace.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:11
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: mound
  literal_form: top of the mound where Pwyll and his party sit and watch the lady
    pass
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: swift but ineffective horse
  literal_form: horses used in the attempts to overtake the lady, including the swiftest
    horse known and Pwyll's own horse
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: veiled or covered face
  literal_form: the part of the maiden's headdress covering her face, which she throws
    back before speaking
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: deferred feast at Heveydd's palace
  literal_form: a feast to be prepared at the palace of Heveydd for Pwyll's arrival
    one year later
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: sym:5
  label: one-year tryst
  literal_form: the appointed meeting this day twelvemonth at the palace of Heveydd
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: First failed pursuit on the plain
  summary: An unnamed rider follows the lady across an open plain but cannot overtake
    her despite urging a swift horse; Pwyll says there must be an illusion.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Second failed pursuit from the mound
  summary: Pwyll's party returns to the mound, sees the same lady on the same road,
    and sends a young man on a swift horse; he also fails to draw nearer to her.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Pwyll calls the maiden to stop
  summary: On the third day Pwyll pursues the lady himself, cannot overtake her by
    speed, and succeeds only when he asks her to stay for him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Rhiannon reveals her purpose
  summary: The maiden uncovers her face, speaks with Pwyll, identifies herself as
    Rhiannon, says she came seeking him because she loves him and rejects an unwanted
    husband, and receives Pwyll's answer that he chooses her.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: scene:5
  label: Pledge and arrival at Heveydd's palace
  summary: Rhiannon asks Pwyll to meet her in one year at Heveydd's palace before
    she is given to another; he agrees, and after a year arrives with a hundred knights
    to a joyful reception and preparations.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: elusive supernatural or wondrous rider cannot be overtaken by speed
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: The lady repeatedly appears to ride at the same pace, yet swift horses cannot
    overtake her; Pwyll suspects illusion, and she stops only when addressed.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage uses Pwyll's word 'illusion' but does not explicitly state
    the rider is supernatural.
- id: motif:2
  label: beloved arrives to choose the hero and evade an unwanted marriage
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_beloved
  - sacred_marriage
  basis: Rhiannon says her chief quest was to seek Pwyll, declares love for him, rejects
    a husband chosen against her will, and asks him to pledge a future meeting before
    she is given to another.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage supports a chosen-betrothal pattern, but does not itself call
    the union sacred or divine.
- id: motif:3
  label: pledged tryst at a future feast
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Rhiannon asks Pwyll to make a pledge to meet her in a year at Heveydd's palace,
    where she will have a feast prepared; Pwyll later arrives to public rejoicing.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The pledge and feast are explicit, but any ritual or sacred meaning is
    not stated in the passage.
- id: motif:4
  label: questing encounter initiated at a mound
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Pwyll and his party repeatedly sit on a mound to observe the passing lady,
    and the encounter leads to Rhiannon's declared quest to seek him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:7
  confidence: low
  cautions: The passage names the mound as a location but does not explain its special
    status.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 6075-6082
  quote_or_summary: An unnamed rider pursues the lady across an open plain; the more
    he urges his horse, the farther she is from him, though she keeps the same pace,
    and his horse fails.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: quote
  locator: 6083-6085
  quote_or_summary: Pwyll says, "there must be some illusion here."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 6086-6115
  quote_or_summary: The next day Pwyll's party returns to the mound; the lady appears
    in the same manner, and a young man on the swiftest horse cannot overtake her
    despite increasing speed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 6116-6128
  quote_or_summary: On the third day Pwyll waits at the mound, mounts his horse as
    the lady passes, follows her, and cannot come nearer even at utmost speed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: 6128-6130
  quote_or_summary: Pwyll asks the maiden to stay for him; she replies that she will
    gladly stay and that it would have been better for his horse had he asked earlier.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation/summarized speech from supplied
    passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 6130-6133
  quote_or_summary: The maiden stops, throws back the part of her headdress covering
    her face, fixes her eyes on Pwyll, and begins to talk with him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 6134-6142
  quote_or_summary: The maiden says she journeys on her own errand, is glad to see
    Pwyll, says her chief quest was to seek him, and identifies herself as Rhiannon,
    daughter of Heveydd Hên.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 6142-6146
  quote_or_summary: Rhiannon says others sought to give her to a husband against her
    will, but she would have no husband because of her love for Pwyll unless he rejects
    her.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 6146-6149
  quote_or_summary: Pwyll answers that if he could choose among all ladies and damsels
    in the world, he would choose Rhiannon.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: 6149-6155
  quote_or_summary: Rhiannon asks Pwyll to pledge to meet her before she is given
    to another, appointing a meeting one year later at Heveydd's palace and promising
    a feast; Pwyll agrees.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: 6155-6159
  quote_or_summary: After a year Pwyll goes with a hundred knights to Heveydd Hên's
    palace, where there is joy, a crowd, rejoicing, and preparations for his coming.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal extraction is strong because the passage directly describes the repeated
    pursuits, Rhiannon's self-identification, and the pledge. Motif labels are candidate
    interpretations and should be reviewed, especially taxonomy mappings to divine_beloved,
    sacred_marriage, and sacred_exchange.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the supplied passage does not itself support a comparison to another corpus or tradition.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l6075-l6159
  passage_sha256=a521d17680179dc529faa09fe3fa80a622f77f6e2cd453edbe545fe19b43a589