Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l4868-l4965

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l4868-l4965

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l4868-l4965
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: C. E. G. / THE LADY OF THE FOUNTAIN / PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC / GERAINT
    THE SON OF ERBIN; lines 4868-4965
  start: '4868'
  end: '4965'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: A bride-winning quest requires obtaining difficult marvels. Arthur's men
    enter the castle of Gwrnach the Giant by claiming the craft of sword-burnishing;
    Kai polishes Gwrnach's sword, tricks him into giving up the scabbard, beheads
    him, and brings the sword to Arthur. Arthur then directs the company to seek Mabon
    son of Modron, which first requires finding Eidoel son of Aer, imprisoned in Glivi's
    castle; Glivi agrees to release the prisoner and give aid.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A speaker states that the seeker must obtain further difficult things before
    obtaining the speaker's daughter.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The travelers see a vast castle identified as the castle of Gwrnach the Giant.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: A black man larger than three ordinary men comes out from the castle and says
    no guest returns alive and only a craftsman with his craft may enter.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: At the gate, the porter refuses entry except to a craftsman bringing his craft.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Kai claims to be the best burnisher of swords in the world.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Gwrnach admits Kai because he needs someone to polish his sword.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Kai uses a blue whetstone and polishes part of Gwrnach's sword.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: Kai arranges for Bedwyr to enter by describing a sign involving the head of
    Bedwyr's lance drawing blood from the wind and returning to its shaft.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: The son of Custennin enters with the companions, passes three wards, and is
    thereafter called Goreu son of Custennin.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: Kai obtains both sword and scabbard from Gwrnach and cuts off the Giant's
    head with one blow.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: The company despoils the castle and returns to Arthur's court with the sword
    of Gwrnach the Giant.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:12
  text: Arthur and the warriors decide to seek Mabon son of Modron and first seek
    Eidoel son of Aer, his kinsman.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:13
  text: Eidoel is imprisoned at the Castle of Glivi, and Glivi agrees to give Arthur
    the prisoner along with support and aid.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: unnamed father of the daughter
  description: A speaker who sets further difficult conditions before the seeker can
    obtain his daughter.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: unnamed seeker
  description: The addressee who is told he must obtain marvels before obtaining the
    daughter; he says Arthur will help him.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Arthur
  description: Lord and kinsman invoked as helper; later receives the returning company
    and leads the search for Eidoel.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:9
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Gwrnach the Giant
  description: Owner of the vast castle and sword; he admits Kai for sword-burnishing
    and is beheaded by Kai.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:8
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: black man from Gwrnach's castle
  description: A huge black man who informs the travelers that no guest returns alive
    and only a craftsman may enter.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: porter of Gwrnach's castle
  description: Gatekeeper who refuses entry except to a craftsman and reports Kai's
    claimed craft to Gwrnach.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Gwrhyr Gwalstawt Ieithoedd
  description: A member of the company who calls for the porter at the gate.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Kai
  description: Arthurian companion who claims the craft of sword-burnishing, gains
    entry, polishes Gwrnach's sword, and beheads Gwrnach.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Bedwyr
  description: Kai's companion admitted after Kai describes a sign by which the porter
    may know him.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Goreu son of Custennin
  description: The only son of Custennin the herdsman; he gets into the castle with
    the companions and receives the name Goreu.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Mabon son of Modron
  description: A figure whom Arthur's company decides to seek after obtaining Gwrnach's
    sword.
  role_refs:
  - role:13
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Modron
  description: Named as Mabon's parent.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: Eidoel son of Aer
  description: Mabon's kinsman, imprisoned in the Castle of Glivi, whom Arthur seeks
    first.
  role_refs:
  - role:15
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: Aer
  description: Named as Eidoel's parent.
  role_refs:
  - role:14
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:15
  name_or_label: Glivi
  description: Holder of the castle where Eidoel is imprisoned; he agrees to release
    the prisoner to Arthur.
  role_refs:
  - role:16
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: condition-setter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: He states the difficult conditions for obtaining his daughter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: bride-seeker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: He says he will gain the daughter with Arthur's help.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: helper kinsman
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The seeker says Arthur will obtain the required things for him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: quest leader
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Arthur rises with the warriors of Britain to seek Eidoel.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:5
  label: giant castle-lord
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The passage identifies the castle as Gwrnach the Giant's and shows him ruling
    within it.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: warning informant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: He tells the travelers the danger and entry rule of the castle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: gatekeeper
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: He controls the gate and relays the visitors' request to Gwrnach.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: gate-caller
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: He asks whether there is a porter.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:9
  label: craft-disguised infiltrator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Kai gains entry by claiming the craft of sword-burnishing.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: giant-slayer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Kai beheads Gwrnach with the sword.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:11
  label: admitted companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Bedwyr enters after Kai gives a sign for recognizing him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:12
  label: successful infiltrating companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: He gets into the castle, brings companions past three wards, and is praised
    as best of men.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:13
  label: sought figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Arthur's company decides it is best to seek Mabon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:14
  label: named parent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  - fig:14
  basis: Modron and Aer are named in patronymic relationships.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:15
  label: imprisoned intermediary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: Eidoel is Mabon's kinsman and must be found first; he is imprisoned in Glivi's
    castle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:16
  label: captor who yields prisoner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:15
  basis: Glivi possesses the prisoner and agrees to give him to Arthur.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Gwrnach's sword
  literal_form: sword
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:8
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: sym:2
  label: Gwrnach's castle
  literal_form: vast castle
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: closed gate of Gwrnach's castle
  literal_form: gate
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: Kai's blue whetstone
  literal_form: blue whetstone
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: Gwrnach's scabbard
  literal_form: scabbard
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: three wards
  literal_form: three wards of the castle
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: Castle of Glivi
  literal_form: castle or fortress where Eidoel is imprisoned
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  - fig:15
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Bride-winning task announced
  summary: The seeker is told that difficult further things must be obtained before
    he can have the daughter, and he replies that Arthur will help him.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Approach to Gwrnach's dangerous castle
  summary: The company reaches Gwrnach's vast castle and learns that guests do not
    return alive and that only a craftsman may enter.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Entry by claimed craft
  summary: At the closed gate, Kai claims to be a master sword-burnisher; the porter
    reports this to Gwrnach, who admits Kai.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Polishing and admission of companions
  summary: Kai polishes Gwrnach's sword, gains favor, and arranges Bedwyr's entry;
    Goreu also leads companions through the wards into the castle.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:4
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Beheading of Gwrnach and taking the sword
  summary: Kai obtains the sword and scabbard under pretense of repair, beheads Gwrnach,
    and the company returns to Arthur's court with Gwrnach's sword.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:4
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Search for Eidoel before Mabon
  summary: Arthur's company decides to seek Mabon, but first seeks Mabon's kinsman
    Eidoel, who is imprisoned at Glivi's castle; Glivi agrees to release him and provide
    aid.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:11
  - fig:13
  - fig:15
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: bride won by impossible or difficult tasks
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_marriage
  - mystical_quest
  basis: The daughter is promised only after the seeker completes difficult marvels,
    and Arthur's company pursues the required objects and persons.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage frames marriage as a reward for tasks, but the broader status
    of the daughter and the full task list are outside this excerpt.
- id: motif:2
  label: entry into a perilous stronghold by claimed craft
  taxonomy_refs:
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: The castle bars guests except craftsmen; Kai claims a craft, gains entry,
    brings in companions, and uses the situation to kill Gwrnach.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents deception and boundary-crossing, but does not explicitly
    name Kai as a trickster.
- id: motif:3
  label: giant-slaying to obtain a quest object
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Kai kills Gwrnach the Giant and the company carries Gwrnach's sword back
    to Arthur's court as one of the required marvels.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The object is clearly taken, but its larger function in the full quest
    is only partly visible in this excerpt.
- id: motif:4
  label: imprisoned kinsman as intermediary in a search
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Arthur's company must find Eidoel, Mabon's kinsman, before Mabon can be found;
    Eidoel is held prisoner by Glivi.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage states the necessity of finding Eidoel but does not yet show
    how he leads to Mabon.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 4868-4878
  quote_or_summary: A condition-setter says further difficult things must be obtained
    before the seeker may have his daughter; the seeker says Arthur will obtain them,
    and the speaker says the daughter will be his wife after the marvels are accomplished.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 4880-4894
  quote_or_summary: The travelers see a vast castle; a huge black man says it is Gwrnach
    the Giant's castle, that no guest ever returns alive, and that entry requires
    bringing a craft.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 4895-4907
  quote_or_summary: At the gate, the porter says the hall is feasting and the gate
    will not open except for a craftsman; Kai says he brings the craft of sword-burnishing.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 4908-4918
  quote_or_summary: The porter reports the sword-burnisher to Gwrnach, who says he
    has long sought someone to polish his sword and orders that the man be admitted.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 4919-4930
  quote_or_summary: Kai tells Gwrnach he can burnish swords, takes a blue whetstone,
    polishes half the blade, and pleases Gwrnach.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 4930-4938
  quote_or_summary: 'Kai says he has a companion and describes how the porter may
    know him: the head of his lance will leave its shaft, draw blood from the wind,
    and descend again; Bedwyr enters.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 4939-4948
  quote_or_summary: The son of Custennin gets into the castle with companions, keeps
    them close while passing three wards, is praised, and is thereafter called Goreu
    son of Custennin.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 4949-4960
  quote_or_summary: After polishing the sword, Kai asks for the scabbard to repair
    it, stands as if to sheathe the sword, cuts off Gwrnach's head, despoils the castle,
    and returns to Arthur's court with Gwrnach's sword.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: 4961-4965
  quote_or_summary: Arthur asks which marvel to seek first; the company says to seek
    Mabon son of Modron, who cannot be found unless they first find his kinsman Eidoel
    son of Aer; Arthur and the warriors go to the Castle of Glivi, where Eidoel is
    imprisoned.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: '4965'
  quote_or_summary: Glivi stands on the summit of his castle, asks Arthur not to harm
    him, and agrees to give Arthur his prisoner with support and aid.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal sequence and named figures are clear in the supplied passage. Motif
    labels are candidate classifications based on the excerpt and available taxonomy;
    no explicit cross-tradition comparison is made in the passage.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not support a specific comparison beyond candidate motif-family classification.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l4868-l4965
  passage_sha256=c0b44bd3801858a9f07750b85506985e8d79f7a8b1caf82857a4ea6bd937c1bf