Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l4143-l4227

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l4143-l4227

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l4143-l4227
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: C. E. G. / THE LADY OF THE FOUNTAIN / PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC / GERAINT
    THE SON OF ERBIN; lines 4143-4227
  start: '4143'
  end: '4227'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Arthur recognizes the youth Kilhwch as his cousin, pledges to grant whatever
    boon he names, and receives Kilhwch's request that Arthur obtain Olwen, daughter
    of Yspaddaden Penkawr. Kilhwch invokes a long roster of Arthur's warriors and
    kinsmen, some marked by supernatural origins or extraordinary traits, including
    figures associated with hell, angelic or devilish appearance, impossible speed
    or lightness, a sea-swallowed dominion, and a peculiar knife.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Arthur takes a golden comb and scissors with silver loops and combs his hair
    before questioning the youth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The youth identifies himself as Kilhwch, son of Kilydd and Goleuddydd, and
    Arthur says Kilhwch is his cousin.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Arthur promises Kilhwch that he will receive whatever boon his tongue names,
    after Kilhwch asks him to pledge by Heaven and by the faith of his kingdom.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Kilhwch asks Arthur to obtain Olwen, daughter of Yspaddaden Penkawr, and also
    seeks this boon from Arthur's warriors.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Kilhwch names many warriors, kinsmen, and notable figures, including a group
    described as having come from the confines of hell and a group described as Arthur's
    paternal kindred from Caerdathal.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: The roster includes Taliesin, called the chief of the bards, and Manawyddan,
    son of Llyr.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Morvran son of Tegid is said not to have been struck at Camlan because of
    his ugliness; others thought he was an auxiliary devil, and he had hair like a
    stag's hair.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: Sandde Bryd Angel is said not to have been touched with a spear at Camlan
    because of his beauty; others thought he was a ministering angel.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: Kynwyl Sant is described as the third man who escaped the battle of Camlan
    and as the last who parted from Arthur on Hengroen his horse.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: Henbedestyr, Henwas Adeinawg, and Sgilti Yscawndroed are described by exceptional
    movement abilities, including unmatched pace, outrunning four-footed beasts, traveling
    over tree tops, and treading so lightly that reed grass does not bend.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:11
  text: Teithi Hen's dominions are said to have been swallowed by the sea; he barely
    escaped, came to Arthur, possessed a knife whose haft would not remain on it,
    became sick, pined away, and died.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Arthur
  description: Arthur questions Kilhwch, recognizes him as kin, and pledges to grant
    his boon.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Kilhwch
  description: Youth who identifies his parentage, is recognized as Arthur's cousin,
    and asks for Olwen to be obtained for him.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Olwen
  description: Daughter of Yspaddaden Penkawr, named as the person whom Kilhwch asks
    Arthur to obtain.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Yspaddaden Penkawr
  description: Named as Olwen's father.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Arthur's warriors and kinsmen invoked by Kilhwch
  description: Large named company from whom Kilhwch also seeks the boon, including
    warriors, kinsmen, bards, and figures with extraordinary traits.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Taliesin
  description: Named in the roster as the chief of the bards.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Manawyddan son of Llyr
  description: Named among those from whom Kilhwch seeks help.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Morvran son of Tegid
  description: A Camlan figure whose ugliness caused others to think him an auxiliary
    devil; he is described as having hair like a stag.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Sandde Bryd Angel
  description: A Camlan figure whose beauty caused others to think him a ministering
    angel.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Kynwyl Sant
  description: Described as one of the three who escaped Camlan and as the last to
    part from Arthur on Hengroen.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Henbedestyr, Henwas Adeinawg, and Sgilti Yscawndroed
  description: Three figures described with extraordinary movement abilities, including
    speed, endurance, tree-top travel, and light-footedness.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: Teithi Hen
  description: Figure whose lands were swallowed by the sea, who barely escaped to
    Arthur, and whose knife would not keep its haft.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: kin-recognizing boon giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Arthur identifies Kilhwch as his cousin and pledges to grant whatever boon
    he names.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:2
  label: boon-seeking quest petitioner
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Kilhwch requests that Arthur obtain Olwen and asks the same of Arthur's warriors.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: desired person named in the boon
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Olwen is the person whom Kilhwch asks Arthur to obtain.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: father of the desired person
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Yspaddaden Penkawr is named as Olwen's father.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: invoked helpers or witnesses to the boon
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  basis: Kilhwch seeks the boon from Arthur's warriors and names an extended company.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: chief bard
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Taliesin is explicitly called the chief of the bards.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: uncanny Camlan figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: Morvran and Sandde are described through others' perceptions of them as devil-like
    or angel-like at Camlan.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: survivor of Camlan
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Kynwyl Sant is described as the third man who escaped from Camlan.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:9
  label: extraordinary runner or light-footed messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: These figures are described by exceptional speed, endurance, tree-top travel,
    and lightness of step.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:10
  label: survivor of sea-swallowed lands
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: Teithi Hen's dominions were swallowed by the sea and he barely escaped to
    Arthur.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: golden comb and silver-looped scissors
  literal_form: Arthur's golden comb and scissors with silver loops
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: oath by Heaven and kingdom
  literal_form: pledge of the truth of Heaven and the faith of Arthur's kingdom
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: host of named warriors
  literal_form: extended list of warriors, kinsmen, and notable figures from whom
    Kilhwch seeks the boon
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: confines of hell
  literal_form: place of origin for Duach, Grathach, and Nerthach, sons of Gwawrddur
    Kyrvach
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: devil-like and angel-like appearances at battle
  literal_form: Morvran perceived as an auxiliary devil and Sandde perceived as a
    ministering angel
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: tree-top path
  literal_form: Sgilti Yscawndroed travels through a wood along the tops of the trees
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: sea-swallowed dominions
  literal_form: Teithi Hen's dominions swallowed up by the sea
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:8
  label: knife without a lasting haft
  literal_form: Teithi Hen's knife on which no haft would remain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Arthur recognizes Kilhwch and pledges a boon
  summary: Arthur questions the youth, hears Kilhwch's ancestry, recognizes him as
    a cousin, and promises any boon he names under an oath.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Kilhwch requests Olwen
  summary: Kilhwch asks Arthur to obtain Olwen, daughter of Yspaddaden Penkawr, and
    extends the request to Arthur's warriors.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Roster of Arthur's company
  summary: Kilhwch's request is followed by a long naming of warriors, relatives,
    bards, and other notable figures, some marked by infernal origin or kinship with
    Arthur.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Uncanny Camlan figures
  summary: Morvran, Sandde, and Kynwyl are described in relation to Camlan through
    survival, avoidance of attack, and angelic or devilish appearance.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Extraordinary movement and sea-loss episodes
  summary: Several named figures are characterized by superhuman motion or lightness,
    while Teithi Hen is linked to lands swallowed by the sea and a knife whose haft
    will not stay on.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: oath-bound boon request
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_exchange
  basis: Kilhwch requests an oath by Heaven and Arthur's kingdom, and Arthur pledges
    to grant whatever boon he names.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage frames the exchange as a pledged boon, but it does not describe
    reciprocal payment or ritual exchange beyond the oath and request.
- id: motif:2
  label: quest for a named woman with royal aid
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Kilhwch asks Arthur and Arthur's warriors to obtain Olwen, making the desired
    woman the object of an anticipated undertaking by a heroic court.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This passage states the request and helper roster but does not yet narrate
    the journey or tasks involved.
- id: motif:3
  label: heroic helper assembly
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Kilhwch invokes a large company of named warriors, kinsmen, bards, and uncanny
    figures to support the boon.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy reference directly names this roster or helper-assembly
    pattern.
- id: motif:4
  label: uncanny battle immunity through appearance
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Morvran and Sandde avoid being struck at Camlan because others interpret
    their appearance as devil-like or angel-like.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The immunity is social or perceptual in the wording of the passage; it
    is not explicitly said to be magical protection.
- id: motif:5
  label: extraordinary companions with superhuman locomotion
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Henbedestyr, Henwas Adeinawg, and Sgilti Yscawndroed possess exceptional
    speed, endurance, tree-top travel, and lightness of tread.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage lists abilities but does not show them used in an episode
    within this excerpt.
- id: motif:6
  label: land swallowed by the sea and survivor's affliction
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Teithi Hen's dominions are swallowed by the sea, he barely escapes to Arthur,
    and later suffers in connection with a peculiar knife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The excerpt gives only a compressed backstory; it does not describe the
    cause of the inundation or any renewal after it.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 4143-4151
  quote_or_summary: Arthur combs his hair with a golden comb and silver-looped scissors,
    asks the youth who he is, and hears Kilhwch's ancestry before recognizing him
    as a cousin.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 4151-4157
  quote_or_summary: Arthur pledges to grant whatever boon Kilhwch names; Kilhwch asks
    him to obtain Olwen, daughter of Yspaddaden Penkawr, and seeks the same boon from
    Arthur's warriors.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 4157-4197
  quote_or_summary: Kilhwch gives a long roster of warriors and notable figures, including
    some said to come from the confines of hell, some identified as Arthur's paternal
    kindred from Caerdathal, and figures such as Taliesin the chief bard and Manawyddan
    son of Llyr.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 4197-4211
  quote_or_summary: Gormant is identified as Arthur's maternal brother; Morvran is
    not struck at Camlan because others take him for an auxiliary devil; Sandde is
    not touched because others take him for a ministering angel; Kynwyl Sant is named
    as an escapee from Camlan.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 4211-4219
  quote_or_summary: Henbedestyr, Henwas Adeinawg, and Sgilti Yscawndroed are described
    by exceptional locomotor qualities, including unmatched speed, outrunning beasts,
    going over tree tops, and treading so lightly that reed grass does not bend.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 4219-4225
  quote_or_summary: Teithi Hen's dominions are swallowed by the sea; he barely escapes
    to Arthur, has a knife whose haft will not remain, becomes sick, pines away, and
    dies.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: The main actions, relationships, and roster traits are explicit. Motif labeling
    is cautious because the passage introduces the boon and helper list but does not
    yet narrate the ensuing quest or tasks. No comparison claims were made beyond
    candidate motif classification.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the provided passage and metadata were used. The long roster was grouped where practical rather than enumerating every named individual.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l4143-l4227
  passage_sha256=cbd2418e26897876ca87f9b8b0bc091372c32c46199dd9c046e725354eddef1c