Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l2163-l2228

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l2163-l2228

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l2163-l2228
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: INTRODUCTION / C. E. G. / THE LADY OF THE FOUNTAIN / PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC;
    lines 2163-2228
  start: '2163'
  end: '2228'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Peredur is honored at the Countess's court after defeating her household
    and gives her to Etlym, whom she loves. Peredur and Etlym then go to the Mound
    of Mourning, where Peredur defeats tent owners, demands homage, slays a serpent
    guarded for its stone, repays the men, and gives the stone to Etlym. Peredur later
    reaches a fertile valley with river, tents, and many mills, where a chief miller
    explains that the Empress of Cristinobyl the Great is present and will accept
    only the most valiant man.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: At the Countess's court, the custom is that one who overthrows the three hundred
    men of her household sits next to the Countess and receives her love above all
    men.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Peredur overthrows the three hundred men of the Countess's household and sits
    beside her.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The Countess says she loves Etlym Gleddyv Coch best, though she has never
    seen him; Peredur identifies Etlym as his companion and gives the Countess to
    him.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: The Countess becomes Etlym's bride from that moment.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:5
  text: Peredur and Etlym go toward the Mound of Mourning and see a mound and tents.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Etlym demands homage from the men at the tents on behalf of Peredur; the men
    reject the demand and choose battle.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:7
  text: Peredur overthrows the owners of a hundred tents on one day and a hundred
    more on the next; on the third day the remaining hundred agree to do homage.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:8
  text: The tent owners say they are guarding a serpent until it dies, after which
    they intend to fight among themselves for a stone.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: Peredur refuses to let the men accompany him against the serpent, saying that
    shared action would reduce his fame.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:10
  text: Peredur goes to the serpent, slays it, returns, repays the men's expenses,
    and requires them to acknowledge themselves as his vassals.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: Peredur sends Etlym back to the woman he loves best and gives him the stone.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: Peredur reaches a very fair valley with a river, many colored tents, and many
    water-mills and wind-mills.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: A tall auburn-haired man in workman's clothing identifies himself as the chief
    miller of the mills and gives Peredur lodging.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:14
  text: The miller explains that the Empress of Cristinobyl the Great is present,
    that she will have only the most valiant man, and that the mills were constructed
    because many thousands gathered there needed food.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Peredur
  description: A youth and knight who defeats households and tent owners, demands
    homage, slays the serpent, repays expenses, gives the stone to Etlym, and continues
    onward.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Etlym Gleddyv Coch
  description: Peredur's companion; the Countess says she loves him best despite never
    having seen him, and he becomes her bridegroom. He attends Peredur to the Mound
    of Mourning and receives the stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: The Countess
  description: Ruler or lady of a court whose custom rewards the overthrower of her
    household; she becomes Etlym's bride after Peredur gives her to him.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: The Countess's household
  description: Three hundred men of the Countess's household who must be overthrown
    for a man to sit next to her.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Owners of the tents at the Mound of Mourning
  description: Kings, earls, barons, and other tent owners who reject Peredur's demand
    for homage, are overthrown or submit, and explain that they are guarding the serpent
    until the stone can be contested.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: The serpent
  description: A serpent guarded by the men at the Mound of Mourning and slain by
    Peredur.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: The chief miller
  description: A tall auburn-haired man in workman's garb who is chief of the mills
    and lodges Peredur.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: The Empress of Cristinobyl the Great
  description: An empress present among the assembled multitude who will have no one
    but the most valiant man.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: victorious combatant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Peredur overthrows the Countess's household and many tent owners and slays
    the serpent.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: beloved bridegroom
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The Countess names Etlym as the man she loves best and becomes his bride.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: attendant companion
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Etlym accompanies Peredur to the Mound of Mourning and speaks as Peredur's
    messenger.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: role:4
  label: courtly bride figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The Countess's love and marriage are tied to the court custom and to Peredur's
    assignment of her to Etlym.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:5
  label: martial household challenge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The household's three hundred men are the group whose overthrow grants a
    seat beside the Countess.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:6
  label: homage-resistant nobles
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The men at the tents reject the demand to do homage and choose battle.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: guardians and claimants of the stone
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: They say they are guarding the serpent until it dies and then will fight
    for the stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: lord receiving vassalage
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: After victory Peredur requires the tent owners to acknowledge themselves
    as his vassals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:9
  label: guarded adversary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The serpent is being guarded and is slain by Peredur in connection with the
    contested stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:10
  label: host and informant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The miller gives lodging and explains the presence of the Empress and the
    gathered multitude.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:11
  label: woman sought by valor
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The miller says the Empress will have no one but the man who is most valiant.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: stone
  literal_form: A stone for which the tent owners intend to fight after the serpent
    dies; Peredur later gives it to Etlym.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: serpent
  literal_form: A serpent guarded at the Mound of Mourning and slain by Peredur.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: Mound of Mourning
  literal_form: A mound with tents where Peredur confronts the tent owners and then
    the serpent.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: river in the fair valley
  literal_form: A river running through the fairest valley Peredur has seen.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: water-mills and wind-mills
  literal_form: Many mills constructed to provide food for the assembled thousands.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: colored tents
  literal_form: Many tents of various colors in the fair valley where the Empress
    is present.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Peredur at the Countess's court
  summary: Peredur is received at the Countess's court, defeats the three hundred
    men of her household, sits beside her, and arranges her marriage to Etlym, whom
    she says she loves best.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Homage demanded at the Mound of Mourning
  summary: Peredur and Etlym approach the mound and tents; Etlym demands homage on
    Peredur's behalf, the men refuse, and Peredur defeats successive groups until
    the rest submit.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Serpent slain and stone awarded
  summary: The men explain that they guard a serpent until a stone can be contested.
    Peredur insists on facing the serpent alone, slays it, repays the men, accepts
    their vassalage, and gives the stone to Etlym.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Arrival in the valley of mills
  summary: Peredur reaches a fair river valley full of colored tents and mills. The
    chief miller lodges him and explains that the Empress of Cristinobyl the Great
    is present and will accept only the most valiant man.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Bride or beloved linked to martial prowess
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The Countess's court custom grants her special favor to whoever overthrows
    her household, and the Empress is described as willing to have only the most valiant
    man.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage presents courtly marriage and selection by valor, not an explicitly
    sacred or divine marriage.
- id: motif:2
  label: Serpent slain in connection with a coveted stone
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  basis: The tent owners guard a serpent until its death so that they may fight for
    a stone; Peredur slays the serpent and gives the stone to Etlym.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The nature or power of the stone is not explained in this passage.
- id: motif:3
  label: Victory followed by homage and vassalage
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Peredur demands homage from the men at the tents, defeats many of them, receives
    submission from the remainder, and requires acknowledgment as vassals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not state that Peredur receives kingship or formal territorial
    rule.
- id: motif:4
  label: Errant hero moves from trial to trial
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mystical_quest
  basis: Peredur passes from the Countess's court to the Mound of Mourning and then
    to the valley of mills, encountering successive tests and social situations.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage shows sequential travel and tests, but it does not explicitly
    define an overarching quest goal.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2163-2178
  quote_or_summary: At the Countess's court, a man who overthrows the three hundred
    household men may sit next to her and be loved by her. Peredur has done so, but
    he reveals Etlym as the Countess's beloved and gives her to him; she becomes Etlym's
    bride.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than extensively quoted.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2179-2193
  quote_or_summary: Peredur and Etlym go toward the Mound of Mourning. Etlym asks
    the men at the tents to do homage to Peredur; they reject the demand and choose
    battle. Peredur defeats the owners of two hundred tents over two days, and the
    remaining hundred submit on the third day.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than extensively quoted.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2193-2204
  quote_or_summary: The tent owners say they guard the serpent until it dies, after
    which they will fight for the stone. Peredur refuses shared participation in the
    serpent fight because he wants the fame for himself, goes to the serpent, and
    slays it.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than extensively quoted.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2204-2211
  quote_or_summary: After slaying the serpent, Peredur repays the men's claimed expenses,
    requires only that they acknowledge themselves his vassals, sends Etlym back to
    the woman he loves, and gives Etlym the stone.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than extensively quoted.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2212-2222
  quote_or_summary: Peredur rides to a very fair valley with a river, many colored
    tents, and many water-mills and wind-mills. A tall auburn-haired man in workman's
    garb identifies himself as chief miller and offers lodging.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than extensively quoted.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 2222-2228
  quote_or_summary: The miller explains that the Empress of Cristinobyl the Great
    is present, that she will have only the most valiant man, and that mills were
    built because food could not otherwise be supplied for the many thousands gathered
    there.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized rather than extensively quoted.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Extraction is based directly on the supplied passage. Motif labels are descriptive;
    taxonomy linkage is limited because the passage gives little explicit symbolic
    explanation.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not explicitly support a comparison to another text, tradition, or motif family beyond descriptive motif candidates.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l2163-l2228
  passage_sha256=1e0061fbc7c44a73f4aef4eddb471075f44da34cae6b9fc62c61964a0f2c39c8