Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l1431-l1452

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l1431-l1452

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l1431-l1452
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: INTRODUCTION / C. E. G. / THE LADY OF THE FOUNTAIN / PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC;
    lines 1431-1452
  start: '1431'
  end: '1452'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: Peredur meets a knight who claims to be Arthur's enemy and to have slain
    Arthur's men. Peredur defeats him, grants mercy on condition that he swear to
    go to Arthur's court and report Peredur's victory and his vow not to return until
    he has avenged the insult to the dwarf and dwarfess. During the same week Peredur
    defeats sixteen more knights, all of whom carry the same message to Arthur's court.
    Arthur reproves Kai, who is grieved.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Peredur rides forward and meets a knight who questions where he has come from
    and whether he is one of Arthur's men.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The knight says that he has always been Arthur's enemy and has slain Arthur's
    men when he encountered them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Peredur and the knight fight, and Peredur brings the knight to the ground
    over his horse's crupper.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The defeated knight asks for mercy, and Peredur grants it on condition that
    the knight swear to go to Arthur's court and report Peredur's victory.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Peredur sends word that he will not come to Arthur's court until he has avenged
    the insult offered to the dwarf and dwarfess.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: Within that week Peredur encounters and shamefully overthrows sixteen knights.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The sixteen defeated knights go to Arthur's court carrying the same message
    and threat sent by Peredur.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Arthur reproves Kai, and Kai is greatly grieved.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Peredur
  description: A man associated with Arthur's court who defeats the hostile knight
    and later sixteen more knights, sending messages to Arthur's court.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: First encountered knight
  description: A knight who says he has always been Arthur's enemy, fights Peredur,
    is defeated, asks for mercy, and pledges to carry Peredur's message.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Arthur
  description: Lord of the court from which Peredur says he comes; he later reproves
    Kai.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Kai
  description: The recipient of Peredur's conveyed threat; he is reproved by Arthur
    and grieved.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Dwarf and dwarfess
  description: A pair whose insult Peredur says he intends to avenge before returning
    to Arthur's court.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Sixteen knights
  description: Knights encountered within the same week, all overthrown by Peredur
    and sent to Arthur's court with his message and threat.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Arthur's man
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Peredur answers that he is one of Arthur's men after saying he comes from
    Arthur's court.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: victorious combatant
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Peredur defeats the first hostile knight and later overthrows sixteen knights.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: avenger of insult
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Peredur says he will not come to court until he has avenged the insult to
    the dwarf and dwarfess.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: defeated opponent
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  basis: The first knight and the sixteen later knights are all overthrown by Peredur.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: compelled messenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:6
  basis: The defeated knights go to Arthur's court carrying Peredur's message and
    threat.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: courtly authority
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Arthur's court is the destination of the messages, and Arthur reproves Kai
    after receiving them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: threatened and reproved court figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Peredur's threat is conveyed to Kai, and Arthur later reproves Kai.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: insulted pair
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: Peredur names the dwarf and dwarfess as those whose insult he intends to
    avenge.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols: []
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Encounter with Arthur's enemy
  summary: Peredur meets a knight who identifies him as one of Arthur's men and declares
    his hostility to Arthur's followers.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Defeat, mercy, and oath-bound message
  summary: Peredur defeats the knight, grants mercy in return for an oath, and sends
    him to Arthur's court with a report of the victory and a vow of vengeance before
    returning.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Sixteen further overthrows
  summary: Within the week Peredur defeats sixteen knights and they also go to Arthur's
    court with the same message and threat.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Arthur reproves Kai
  summary: After the messages reach the court, Arthur reproves Kai, who is grieved.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: victorious hero overthrows hostile knights
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Peredur defeats a knight who has slain Arthur's men and then defeats sixteen
    additional knights within the week.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives combat outcomes but little description of weapons, ritual,
    or supernatural context.
- id: motif:2
  label: defeated opponent spared and sent as messenger
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Peredur grants mercy to the first defeated knight only if he swears to go
    to Arthur's court and convey Peredur's message; later defeated knights carry the
    same message.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The first knight explicitly pledges an oath; the passage states that the
    later knights carry the same message but does not individually describe their
    oaths.
- id: motif:3
  label: vow of delayed return until vengeance is fulfilled
  taxonomy_refs:
  - return
  basis: Peredur states that he will never come to Arthur's court until he has avenged
    the insult offered to the dwarf and dwarfess.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is cautious because the passage emphasizes refusal
    or delay of return, not an actual completed return.
- id: motif:4
  label: retaliation for insult to vulnerable or low-status figures
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Peredur frames his absence from Arthur's court around avenging the insult
    to the dwarf and dwarfess.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage mentions the insult but does not recount the original event
    in this line range.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1431-1436
  quote_or_summary: Peredur rides forward, meets a knight, says he comes from Arthur's
    court and is one of Arthur's men; the knight says he has always been Arthur's
    enemy and has slain Arthur's men.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1436-1445
  quote_or_summary: Peredur and the knight fight; Peredur overthrows him. The knight
    asks mercy. Peredur grants it if he swears to go to Arthur's court, report that
    Peredur overthrew him for the honour of Arthur's service, and say that Peredur
    will not come to court until he has avenged the insult to the dwarf and dwarfess.
    The knight pledges and carries the message and threat to Kai.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1447-1451
  quote_or_summary: Within that week Peredur encounters sixteen knights and overthrows
    them all shamefully; they all go to Arthur's court carrying the same message and
    the same threat to Kai.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 1451-1452
  quote_or_summary: Arthur reproves Kai, and Kai is greatly grieved.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Literal events and figures are clear in the passage. Motif labels are descriptive
    and passage-level; taxonomy alignment is limited.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No symbolic taxonomy entries were assigned because the passage contains no clear cave, fire, milk, mountain, serpent, tree, or water symbol and no explicit symbolic object requiring extraction.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l1431-l1452
  passage_sha256=6a392a703cceb2fdac3c1b9e7f350d7de10b3a8b6b8bef20c371c756ed86c2da