Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l1243-l1313

batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l1243-l1313

---
record_id: batch.motif.celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg-l1243-l1313
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
passage_locator:
  label: INTRODUCTION / C. E. G. / THE LADY OF THE FOUNTAIN / PEREDUR THE SON OF EVRAWC;
    lines 1243-1313
  start: '1243'
  end: '1313'
  translation: The Mabinogion
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage introduces Peredur as the youngest surviving son of Earl Evrawc
    after his father and six brothers are killed in warfare. His mother removes him
    to an unfrequented wilderness and keeps horses and arms from him. Peredur mistakes
    hinds for hornless goats, then encounters three knights, learns the names and
    uses of their equipment, and resolves to follow them. He returns to his mother,
    prepares a crude horse and gear, and receives counsel to go to Arthur's Court
    and how to act on the way.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Earl Evrawc owns the Earldom of the North and has seven sons.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: Evrawc and six of his sons are slain in wars or encounters; Peredur, the youngest,
    is not old enough to go to war.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Peredur's mother removes him from inhabited country to deserts and unfrequented
    wildernesses, accompanied only by women, boys, and men unaccustomed to fighting.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: No one is permitted to bring horses or arms near Peredur, lest he set his
    mind on them.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Peredur daily amuses himself in the forest by throwing sticks and staves.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Peredur sees two hinds near his mother's goats and thinks they are goats that
    have lost their horns from running wild.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Peredur drives the hinds together with the goats into the goats' house at
    the edge of the forest.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Three named knights come along the horse-road at the border of the forest
    while pursuing another knight.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: Peredur asks his mother what the approaching figures are; she calls them angels,
    and he says he will become an angel with them.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: Peredur tells Owain that he does not know what a knight is.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: Owain explains the saddle, accoutrements, horses, arms, their purposes, and
    their use to Peredur.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:12
  text: Peredur returns to his mother and says the figures were not angels but honourable
    knights; his mother swoons.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:13
  text: Peredur takes a bony piebald horse used for carrying firewood and supplies,
    forms a pack into a saddle, and imitates trappings with twisted twigs.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:14
  text: Peredur's mother counsels him to go to Arthur's Court.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:15
  text: Peredur's mother gives him instructions about churches, food and drink, outcries,
    jewels, and courting fair women.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Earl Evrawc
  description: Owner of the Earldom of the North; father of seven sons; slain in warfare
    or encounters.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Peredur
  description: Youngest son of Evrawc; surviving child sheltered in the wilderness
    by his mother; encounters knights and prepares to ride toward Arthur's Court.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Peredur's mother / the Countess
  description: Described as scheming, thoughtful, and solicitous for her only son
    and his possessions; removes him to the wilderness and later counsels him before
    departure.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Six slain sons of Evrawc
  description: Six of Evrawc's sons are slain along with their father.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Gwalchmai son of Gwyar
  description: One of the three knights who come along the horse-road at the border
    of the forest.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Geneir Gwystyl
  description: One of the three knights who come along the horse-road at the border
    of the forest.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Owain son of Urien
  description: One of the three knights; asks Peredur about a pursued knight and explains
    knightly gear to him.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Knight who divided the apples in Arthur's Court
  description: Unnamed knight being pursued by Owain and the other knights.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Women, boys, and spiritless men
  description: The only company permitted to accompany Peredur's mother into the wilderness;
    described as unaccustomed and unequal to war and fighting.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: slain warrior-father
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Evrawc maintains himself through tournaments, wars, and combats, and is slain.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: youngest surviving son
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Peredur is named as the seventh and youngest son, spared because he is not
    old enough for war.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: departing youth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Peredur resolves to follow the knights, equips a horse, and asks leave to
    ride forth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: role:4
  label: protective mother
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: She is solicitous for her only son, removes him to the wilderness, and keeps
    horses and arms away from him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: giver of departure counsel
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Before Peredur leaves, she tells him to go to Arthur's Court and gives behavioral
    instructions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:6
  label: slain brothers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Six sons of Evrawc are slain along with their father.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:7
  label: knights encountered at forest border
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  basis: The three named knights appear on the horse-road bordering the forest.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: instructor in knightly equipment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Owain identifies and explains the saddle, accoutrements, horses, and arms
    to Peredur.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:9
  label: pursued knight
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Owain follows the track of the knight who divided the apples in Arthur's
    Court.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:10
  label: non-warrior household company
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: They are allowed to accompany the mother because they are unaccustomed and
    unequal to war and fighting.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: wilderness refuge
  literal_form: deserts and unfrequented wildernesses away from inhabited country
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: forest play-space
  literal_form: forest where Peredur throws sticks and staves and encounters animals
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:3
  label: hornless hinds mistaken for goats
  literal_form: two hinds near the mother's flock of goats, interpreted by Peredur
    as goats that have lost horns
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: withheld horses and arms
  literal_form: horses and arms forbidden near Peredur
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:5
  label: knightly equipment
  literal_form: saddle, accoutrements, horses, and arms shown and explained by Owain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:6
  label: crude improvised mount and trappings
  literal_form: bony piebald horse, pack shaped like a saddle, and twisted twigs used
    as trappings
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: Arthur's Court
  literal_form: court named by Peredur's mother as the place of the best, boldest,
    and most bountiful men
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:8
  label: church prayer instruction
  literal_form: churches at which Peredur is told to repeat his Paternoster
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:9
  label: fair jewel instruction
  literal_form: a fair jewel that Peredur is told to take and give to another
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Lineage and losses of Evrawc's family
  summary: Earl Evrawc, who lives by tournaments, wars, and combats, is slain along
    with six of his seven sons; Peredur remains because he is too young for war.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Mother removes Peredur from martial society
  summary: Peredur's mother leaves inhabited country for wilderness, takes only non-warrior
    company, and forbids horses and arms near her son.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Peredur misidentifies hinds as hornless goats
  summary: In the forest, Peredur sees hinds near the goats, believes they are goats
    that have lost horns, and drives them into the goat-house.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Encounter with the three knights
  summary: Three knights arrive on the forest-border road while pursuing another knight.
    Peredur first hears them called angels, then meets Owain and learns the terms
    and uses of knightly equipment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Preparation and maternal counsel for departure
  summary: Peredur tells his mother the men were knights, she swoons, he prepares
    an improvised mount, and she advises him to go to Arthur's Court with instructions
    for conduct on the road.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: departure from sheltered home toward heroic court
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  basis: Peredur, previously kept from horses and arms in the wilderness, resolves
    to follow the knights, prepares a mount, receives leave and counsel, and is directed
    toward Arthur's Court.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage records the beginning of departure; later travel and outcomes
    are outside the supplied passage.
- id: motif:2
  label: initiation into martial identity through first encounter with knights
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  basis: Peredur initially does not know what knights are and has knightly equipment
    explained to him by Owain before deciding to ride forth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage shows instruction and aspiration, but not a completed initiation
    or formal acceptance into knighthood.
- id: motif:3
  label: protective concealment from weapons and war
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Peredur's mother hides him in the wilderness and prevents horses or arms
    from being brought near him so he will not set his mind on them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: No available taxonomy reference precisely matches this concealment pattern.
- id: motif:4
  label: naive misrecognition before heroic education
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  basis: Peredur mistakes hinds for hornless goats and knights for angels before learning
    what knights and their equipment are.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The motif label is a descriptive extraction from this passage rather than
    a supplied taxonomy term.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 1243-1252
  quote_or_summary: Earl Evrawc owns the Earldom of the North, has seven sons, lives
    by tournaments and wars, and is slain with six sons; Peredur is the youngest surviving
    son because he is too young for war.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 1252-1261
  quote_or_summary: Peredur's mother, solicitous for her only son, removes him to
    deserts and unfrequented wildernesses with non-warrior company and forbids horses
    or arms near him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 1261-1275
  quote_or_summary: Peredur throws sticks in the forest, sees two hinds near the goats,
    thinks they are hornless goats that had run wild, drives them into the goat-house,
    and the household is astonished.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 1276-1281
  quote_or_summary: Three knights—Gwalchmai, Geneir Gwystyl, and Owain—come along
    the horse-road at the forest border while pursuing the knight who divided the
    apples in Arthur's Court.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: 1281-1285
  quote_or_summary: Peredur asks what the approaching figures are; his mother says,
    "They are angels," and Peredur says he will go become an angel with them.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 1285-1296
  quote_or_summary: Peredur meets the knights, says he does not know what a knight
    is, asks about the saddle and other equipment, and Owain fully explains their
    names, purposes, and use.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 1297-1306
  quote_or_summary: Peredur returns to his mother, says they were honourable knights,
    his mother swoons, and he takes a bony piebald supply-horse, shaping a pack into
    a saddle and twisted twigs into trappings.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: 1306-1313
  quote_or_summary: After recovering, the Countess asks if Peredur wants to ride forth;
    she counsels him to go to Arthur's Court and gives instructions about churches,
    food, outcries, jewels, and fair women.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/celtic-welsh/project-gutenberg/mabinogion-guest.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: uncertain
  notes: Narrative actions, figures, and objects are explicit in the supplied passage.
    Motif assignments are limited to broad available taxonomy terms and should be
    reviewed by a specialist.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No comparison claims were added because the supplied passage does not itself provide an explicit basis for cross-text or cross-tradition comparison.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:celtic-welsh-mabinogion-guest-gutenberg__l1243-l1313
  passage_sha256=1758934d148cbd577a26b6413f89a20020fb7381691538c425d8ebb8bb78f07e