batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l9949-l10043
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l9949-l10043
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: CHAPTER I. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD / CHAPTER II. / IN THE
NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 9949-10043
start: '9949'
end: '10043'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage gives directives on prayer, fasting, marital relations during
the fast, property, lunar phases, proper entry into houses, fighting and retaliation
under limits, contributions, pilgrimage rites, offerings, shaving and redemption,
conduct during pilgrimage, procession from Arafat, remembrance of God, prayers
for good in this world and the next, divine accounting, and gathering unto God.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: God is described as near and as hearing the prayer of the one who prays, while
people are told to hearken and believe.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: During the night of the fast, marital relations, eating, and drinking are
permitted until daybreak is distinguished by a white thread from a black thread;
the fast then continues until night.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:3
text: Spouses are described metaphorically as garments for one another.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:12
- id: obs:4
text: The passage forbids consuming wealth vainly or using judges to take others'
property unjustly.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: The phases of the moon are said to be appointed times for people and for the
pilgrimage season.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: Entering houses by the back parts is rejected, and entering by doors is commanded.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:13
- id: obs:7
text: Fighting is permitted against those who fight the community, but initiating
transgression is prohibited.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: The holy temple, sacred months, and holy limits of Mecca are treated as bounded
sacred contexts for conflict and retaliation.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:14
- id: obs:9
text: People are told to contribute substance toward the defense of God's religion
and not to throw themselves into perdition by their own hands.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:15
- id: obs:10
text: Pilgrimage and visitation are commanded, with instructions about offerings,
shaving the head, sickness, redemption by fasting, alms, or offering, and ten
complete days of fasting if no offering can be found.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:11
text: The pilgrimage is assigned known months, and pilgrims are told not to know
a woman, transgress, or quarrel during it.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:12
text: Provision is to be made for the journey, but the best provision is piety.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:13
text: Pilgrims may trade during pilgrimage and are instructed to go in procession
from Arafat, remember God near the holy monument, and ask God's pardon.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: obs:14
text: After completing holy ceremonies, people are told to remember God more reverently
than they remember their fathers.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:15
text: 'Two types of petition are contrasted: asking only for a portion in this world,
and asking for good in this world and the next and deliverance from hell fire.'
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: obs:16
text: God is described as swift in taking account, and people are told that they
shall be gathered unto him.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The deity addressed as near, hearing prayer, setting bounds, knowing
actions, forgiving, being gracious and merciful, severe in punishing, and swift
in taking account.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: servants / believers addressed
description: The addressed community instructed to pray, believe, fast, avoid unjust
wealth, fight within limits, contribute, perform pilgrimage, remember God, and
fear God.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:8
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: wives
description: Spouses with whom relations are permitted on the night of the fast;
described as garments to the addressed men, who are also garments to them.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:12
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: judges
description: Authorities to whom wealth must not be presented in order to devour
others' substance unjustly.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: those who fight against you / infidels / ungodly
description: Opponents described as fighting, dispossessing, tempting to idolatry,
or attacking in sacred places; hostility is limited when they desist.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: pilgrims
description: Those who perform the pilgrimage and visitation, bring offerings, observe
restrictions, go in procession, remember God, and depart or tarry at Mina.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
roles:
- id: role:1
label: near prayer-hearer
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God says he is near and hears the prayer of the one who prays.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: lawgiver of prescribed bounds
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage calls fasting and related restrictions the prescribed bounds
of God and gives commands for ritual and conduct.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:8
- ev:9
- id: role:3
label: divine judge and accountant
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: God is described as severe in punishing, swift in taking account, and the
one unto whom people shall be gathered.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:11
- id: role:4
label: recipients of divine instruction
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The addressed people are told to hearken, believe, fear God, and follow commands.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:9
- id: role:5
label: bounded combatants
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The addressed people are told to fight those who fight them, but not to transgress
or attack first.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:6
label: ritual pilgrims
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:6
basis: The passage instructs the performance of pilgrimage and visitation, offerings,
processions, and remembrance.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
- id: role:7
label: mutual spouse-garment
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The passage says wives are a garment to the addressed men, and the men are
a garment to them.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:12
- id: role:8
label: potential instruments of unjust property-taking
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The passage forbids presenting wealth to judges to devour part of men's substance
unjustly.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:9
label: hostile opponents
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The opponents are described as fighting, attacking, dispossessing, and as
targets of retaliation if they attack.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: white thread and black thread at daybreak
literal_form: a white thread and a black thread distinguished by daybreak
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: spouses as garments
literal_form: garment metaphor for husbands and wives
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:12
- id: sym:3
label: phases of the moon
literal_form: phases of the moon used as appointed times and pilgrimage season marker
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: proper door entry
literal_form: house doors contrasted with back parts or a hole through the back
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:13
- id: sym:5
label: holy temple and holy limits
literal_form: holy temple, holy limits of Mecca, and sacred months
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:5
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:14
- id: sym:6
label: offering and place of sacrifice
literal_form: offering sent or brought until it reaches the place of sacrifice
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:7
label: shaving the head
literal_form: shaving the head, with redemption by fasting, alms, or offering in
specified cases
associated_figures:
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: sym:8
label: Arafat and holy monument procession
literal_form: procession from Arafat and remembrance near the holy monument
associated_figures:
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: sym:9
label: hell fire
literal_form: torment of hell fire
associated_figures:
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
- id: sym:10
label: valley of Mina
literal_form: valley of Mina as a place from which one may depart in two days or
tarry longer
associated_figures:
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Divine nearness and prayer
summary: The passage states that God is near, hears prayer, and calls people to
hearken and believe so that they may be rightly directed.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Rules of the fast
summary: The passage permits marital relations, eating, and drinking on the night
of the fast until daybreak, then commands fasting until night and observance of
God's bounds.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:12
- id: scene:3
label: Property and justice warning
summary: The passage forbids vain consumption of wealth and bribery or legal manipulation
to take others' property unjustly.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:4
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:4
label: Moon phases and proper entry
summary: The moon's phases are explained as appointed times and markers for pilgrimage,
while a custom of entering houses from the back is rejected in favor of entering
by doors.
figure_refs:
- fig:2
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:13
- id: scene:5
label: Bounded fighting and sacred limits
summary: The passage commands fighting those who fight the community, forbids initiating
transgression, limits fighting in the holy temple unless attacked, and frames
retaliation by sacred months and holy limits.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:14
- id: scene:6
label: Contribution and avoidance of perdition
summary: The community is told to contribute substance toward defense of God's religion
and not to bring perdition upon themselves by neglect.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:15
- id: scene:7
label: Pilgrimage offerings and redemption
summary: The passage commands pilgrimage and visitation, regulates offerings, head-shaving,
illness, substitution by fasting, alms, or offering, and gives a ten-day fast
when no offering is available.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: scene:8
label: Pilgrimage conduct and provision
summary: During the known months of pilgrimage, pilgrims must avoid sexual relations,
transgression, and quarrels, and are told that the best provision for the journey
is piety.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: scene:9
label: Procession and remembrance
summary: Pilgrims may trade, then proceed from Arafat, remember God near the holy
monument, follow the procession of the people, and ask God's pardon.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:10
- id: scene:10
label: Completion, prayer, accounting, and gathering
summary: After holy ceremonies, people are told to remember God; petitions for this
world alone are contrasted with petitions for this world, the next, and deliverance
from hell fire; God takes account and people will be gathered unto him.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:9
- sym:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine nearness and answered prayer
taxonomy_refs:
- wisdom
basis: The passage states that God is near, hears prayer, and directs believers
who hearken and believe.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy reference to wisdom is broad; the passage presents guidance
and prayer rather than a narrative wisdom episode.
- id: motif:2
label: sacred law as bounded conduct
taxonomy_refs:
- covenant
basis: The passage repeatedly gives prescribed bounds, commands fear of God, and
regulates fasting, conflict, property, and pilgrimage.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:8
- ev:9
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage does not explicitly use the word covenant; the motif label
is inferred from divine commandments and bounds.
- id: motif:3
label: ritual fasting and liminal time-marking
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The fast is structured by night, daybreak, a white and black thread distinction,
and nightfall, with specified permissions and restrictions.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names fasting or liminal time.
- id: motif:4
label: lunar regulation of sacred time
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The phases of the moon are said to be appointed times and to mark the pilgrimage
season.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly names lunar calendrical regulation.
- id: motif:5
label: sacred boundary and limited retaliation
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage links combat and retaliation to holy temple, sacred month, and
holy limits, and forbids transgression beyond set limits.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:14
confidence: high
cautions: This is a legal-ritual pattern rather than a narrative mythic episode.
- id: motif:6
label: sacrificial offering and ritual substitution
taxonomy_refs:
- sacrifice
- sacred_exchange
basis: Pilgrimage instructions require offerings and allow redemption for shaving
by fasting, alms, or offering; those unable to offer must fast specified days.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: The passage uses offering and place of sacrifice language, but details
of sacrificial performance are not narrated.
- id: motif:7
label: pilgrimage journey with procession and holy stations
taxonomy_refs:
- mystical_quest
- departure
basis: The passage commands pilgrimage, provision for the journey, processions from
Arafat, remembrance near the holy monument, and departure or tarrying in Mina.
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- ev:9
- ev:10
- ev:11
confidence: medium
cautions: The available taxonomy lacks a direct pilgrimage category; mystical_quest
and departure are approximate and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:8
label: divine judgment, afterlife petition, and hell fire
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage contrasts worldly and next-world portions, asks deliverance from
hell fire, says God is swift in taking account, and says people shall be gathered
unto him.
evidence_refs:
- ev:11
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is didactic and liturgical rather than a narrative of judgment.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 9949-9951
quote_or_summary: God is said to be near, to hear the prayer of the one who prays,
and to call people to hearken and believe so they may be rightly directed.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 9952-9961
quote_or_summary: The night of the fast permits marital relations, eating, and drinking
until the white thread can be distinguished from the black thread by daybreak;
then the fast continues until night, with boundaries described as God's prescribed
bounds.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 9962-9964
quote_or_summary: The passage forbids consuming wealth vainly and presenting it
to judges in order to take part of others' substance unjustly.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 9965-9969
quote_or_summary: The phases of the moon are appointed times and mark pilgrimage
season; righteousness is linked to fearing God and entering houses by doors rather
than by the back parts.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 9970-9978
quote_or_summary: The passage commands fighting those who fight the community, forbids
transgression and first attack, restricts fighting in the holy temple unless attacked,
and allows slaying attackers there.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 9979-9987
quote_or_summary: If opponents desist, hostility should cease except against the
ungodly; sacred month and holy limits frame reciprocal retaliation against transgression.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 9988-9990
quote_or_summary: People are told to contribute from their substance toward defense
of God's religion, not to throw themselves into perdition, and to do good.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 10012-10023
quote_or_summary: Pilgrimage and visitation are commanded; besieged pilgrims send
an easy offering, avoid shaving until the offering reaches the place of sacrifice,
and redeem necessary shaving by fasting, alms, or offering; lacking an offering
requires three days of fasting in pilgrimage and seven after return.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 10024-10028
quote_or_summary: Pilgrimage must occur in known months; pilgrims must avoid sexual
relations, transgression, and quarrelling; they should make provision, with piety
named the best provision.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:10
type: summary
locator: lines 10029-10035
quote_or_summary: Trading during pilgrimage is allowed; pilgrims go in procession
from Arafat, remember God near the holy monument, go in procession with the people,
and ask God's pardon.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:11
type: summary
locator: lines 10036-10043
quote_or_summary: After holy ceremonies, people are told to remember God; some ask
only for this world, while others ask for good in this world and the next and
deliverance from hell fire; God is swift in account, and people will be gathered
to him after the appointed days.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:12
type: note
locator: footnotes o-p within lines 9992-9997
quote_or_summary: Sale's notes explain that the fast originally restricted marital
relations and food after supper, and that the garment expression signifies mutual
comfort between husband and wife.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:13
type: note
locator: footnote q within lines 9998-10002
quote_or_summary: Sale's note describes an Arab custom after pilgrimage of not entering
by the old door but making a back passage, a practice the passage reprehends.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:14
type: note
locator: footnote r within lines 10003-10004
quote_or_summary: Sale's note identifies the sacred months as months in which ancient
Arabs did not lawfully attack one another.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
- id: ev:15
type: note
locator: footnote s within lines 10005-10008
quote_or_summary: Sale's note interprets throwing oneself into perdition as becoming
accessory to one's own destruction by neglecting contributions toward wars against
infidels.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source text; summary generated for extraction.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Literal extraction is strong for ritual, legal, pilgrimage, and afterlife
language. Some motif taxonomy mappings are approximate because the available taxonomy
lacks direct categories for fasting, pilgrimage, lunar calendrics, and sacred
law.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Extraction uses only the supplied passage and metadata, including translator footnotes contained in the provided line range.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l9949-l10043
passage_sha256=e450b3b5bb872d87121392b09ffdaa3e0f659805baeba01eaf4d7aa0b3eab874