Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l8935-l9023

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l8935-l9023

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l8935-l9023
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER I. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD / CHAPTER II. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 8935-9023
  start: '8935'
  end: '9023'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage combines Sale''s notes on Islamic traditions about paradise,
    the forbidden tree, the serpent, Adam and Eve after the fall, Gabriel, gigantic
    first parents, and revelation, followed by Qur''anic exhortations to the children
    of Israel: truthfulness, prayer, alms, humility, judgment, deliverance from Pharaoh,
    the divided sea, Moses receiving the law, the calf episode, repentance, punishment,
    and restoration to life.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A note states that Mohammed does not place the garden or paradise on earth,
    but in the seventh heaven.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A note lists varying opinions about the forbidden tree or fruit, including
    wheat, fig-tree, and vine.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: A tradition says the devil was barred from paradise by a guard and asked animals
    to carry him inside.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The serpent alone agrees to carry the devil into paradise, taking him between
    two teeth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The serpent is said to have formerly had a beautiful form unlike its present
    shape.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: A tradition says Adam and Eve were cast down from paradise to different places
    and remained separated for two hundred years.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Adam is said to repent and to be conducted by Gabriel to a mountain near Mecca
    where he finds Eve.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: A note describes traditions of Adam's and Eve's gigantic stature and associated
    mountain footprints or bodily measurements.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:9
  text: A note says God promised Adam that divine will would be revealed to him and
    his posterity through prophets from Adam to Mohammed.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:10
  text: The Jews are called upon to receive the Koran as verifying and confirming
    the Pentateuch and not to conceal or corrupt their law.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:11
  text: The addressed community is commanded to observe prayer, give legal alms, bow
    with those who bow, and not command justice while forgetting themselves.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:12
  text: The children of Israel are told to remember deliverance from Pharaoh's people,
    the division of the sea, and the drowning of Pharaoh's people.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:13
  text: Moses treats with God for forty nights; the people take the calf as their
    god; afterward they are forgiven.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: obs:14
  text: After some demand to see God manifestly, punishment comes upon them, and they
    are then raised to life after having been dead.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: Named in notes as placing paradise in the seventh heaven and as the
    last prophet in the sequence of revelation.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Adam
  description: First parent who falls from paradise, repents, is guided to Eve, and
    is said to receive revealed books.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Eve
  description: Adam's wife, cast down separately from him and later found near the
    mountain named Arafat; described in traditions of gigantic stature.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: the devil
  description: Seeks entrance into paradise in order to tempt Adam and his wife.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: the serpent
  description: Animal that carries the devil into paradise and is described as formerly
    beautiful in form.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: angel Gabriel
  description: Conducts Adam to a mountain near Mecca after Adam's repentance.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: GOD / LORD / Creator
  description: Reveals will, commands, favors Israel, judges souls, delivers from
    Pharaoh, gives Moses the law, forgives, punishes, and raises the dead.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Jews / children of Israel
  description: Addressed community exhorted to accept revelation, remember divine
    favor, and recall deliverance and failures.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Moses
  description: Prophet who treats with God for forty nights, receives the book of
    the law, and addresses his people after the calf episode.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Pharaoh's people
  description: Oppress the children of Israel, slay male children, spare females,
    and are drowned after the sea is divided.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Pharaoh
  description: Named as the ruler associated with the oppressing people from whom
    Israel is delivered.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: first parent and recipient of revelation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Adam is described as one of the first parents, as falling from paradise,
    repenting, and receiving revealed books.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: wife and first mother figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Eve is named as Adam's wife and part of the first-parent tradition.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: role:3
  label: tempter seeking illicit access
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The devil seeks entry into paradise to tempt Adam and his wife.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: animal carrier across a boundary
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The serpent carries the devil into paradise after other animals refuse.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: divine revealer, deliverer, judge, and restorer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: God reveals, commands, delivers, forgives, judges, punishes, and raises the
    dead in the passage.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  - ev:12
- id: role:6
  label: angelic guide
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Gabriel conducts Adam to the mountain near Mecca.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: addressed covenantal community
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The Jews or children of Israel are addressed, exhorted, and reminded of divine
    favor and deliverance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:8
  label: prophet and receiver of law
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Moses treats with God for forty nights and receives the book of the law and
    the distinction between good and evil.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
- id: role:9
  label: oppressing enemy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  basis: Pharaoh's people oppress Israel and are drowned after the sea is divided.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: role:10
  label: last prophet in a revealed sequence
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: A note says revelation came through prophets from Adam, the first, to Mohammed,
    the last.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: paradise in the seventh heaven
  literal_form: garden or paradise located in the seventh heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: forbidden tree or fruit
  literal_form: tree or fruit variously identified as wheat, fig-tree, or vine
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: serpent
  literal_form: serpent carrying the devil between its teeth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: mountain of reunion and footprint
  literal_form: mountain near Mecca named Arafat and mountain in Ceylon associated
    with Adam's footprint
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs:
  - mountain
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: revealed book or law
  literal_form: Koran, Pentateuch, book of the law, and distinction between good and
    evil
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:10
- id: sym:6
  label: divided sea
  literal_form: sea divided for Israel, with Pharaoh's people drowned
  associated_figures:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: sym:7
  label: calf taken as god
  literal_form: calf worshiped as God by Moses' people
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Paradise, forbidden tree, and serpent tradition
  summary: The notes describe paradise as heavenly, identify variant opinions about
    the forbidden tree or fruit, and recount a tradition in which the serpent carries
    the devil into paradise to tempt Adam and Eve.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Fall, separation, reunion, and gigantic first parents
  summary: Adam and Eve are cast down to separate places, remain apart for two hundred
    years, and are reunited after Adam's repentance through Gabriel's guidance; related
    traditions describe their great size.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Promise and continuity of revelation
  summary: A note says God promised revelation to Adam and his descendants, fulfilled
    through prophets from Adam to Mohammed, and explains uses of a term for revelation,
    scripture, verses, or miracles.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Exhortation to truth, prayer, alms, and accountability
  summary: The addressed Jews or children of Israel are told not to conceal truth,
    to pray and give alms, to act justly, to seek help with patience and prayer, and
    to dread a day without substitution, intercession, compensation, or help.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:5
  label: Deliverance from Pharaoh and the divided sea
  summary: The children of Israel are reminded that God delivered them from Pharaoh's
    people, who killed male children and spared females, and that the sea was divided
    for their deliverance while Pharaoh's people were drowned.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:6
  label: Moses, the law, and the calf
  summary: Moses treats with God for forty nights; his people take the calf as god;
    God forgives; Moses receives the book of the law and calls the guilty to repentance
    and punishment.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
- id: scene:7
  label: Demand to see God and restoration to life
  summary: Some say they will not believe Moses until they see God manifestly; punishment
    comes on them, and afterward they are raised to life after death.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Forbidden tree and fall from paradise
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: The passage mentions the forbidden tree or fruit, the story of the Fall,
    and Adam and Eve being cast down from paradise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: Details appear in translator's notes and summarized traditions rather
    than in the quoted Qur'anic verses in this line range.
- id: motif:2
  label: Serpent mediates the tempter's entry
  taxonomy_refs:
  - serpent
  - trickster_boundary
  basis: A tradition says the devil cannot enter paradise directly and is carried
    in by the serpent after other animals refuse.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage reports this as a tradition cited in a note.
- id: motif:3
  label: Primordial couple separated and reunited after exile
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - return
  basis: Adam and Eve are cast down from paradise to different regions, separated
    for two hundred years, and reunited after Adam's repentance and Gabriel's guidance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The motif is inferred from the narrated sequence; the passage does not
    present it as a formal type.
- id: motif:4
  label: Revelation through a prophetic chain
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  - covenant
  basis: A note states that divine will is revealed to Adam and his posterity through
    prophets from Adam to Mohammed, and the Qur'anic passage recalls Moses receiving
    the book of the law.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:10
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The evidence joins translator's note with the Qur'anic recollection of
    Moses.
- id: motif:5
  label: Day of judgment without substitution or intercession
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The children of Israel are told to dread a day when no soul can satisfy for
    another, no intercession or compensation is accepted, and none are helped.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: ''
- id: motif:6
  label: Miraculous sea deliverance and drowning of enemies
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The sea is divided for Israel's deliverance and Pharaoh's people are drowned
    while Israel looks on.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The available taxonomy has no exact sea-crossing motif; divine judgment
    is used because the enemies are drowned.
- id: motif:7
  label: Idolatrous calf, repentance, and forgiveness
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The people take the calf as their god, are told they have injured their own
    souls, undergo repentance and punishment, and God turns toward them mercifully.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  - ev:11
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The covenant classification is based on the law-giving and breach context
    rather than an explicit covenant formula in this excerpt.
- id: motif:8
  label: Raising the dead to life
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: After punishment for demanding to see God manifestly, the people are raised
    to life after having been dead.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:12
  confidence: high
  cautions: ''
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly presents the Koran as verifying and confirming the
    Pentateuch, especially on divine unity and Mohammed's mission.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Koran and Pentateuch as confirming scripture traditions
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: high
  limitations: This is a theological claim reported by the passage and note, not an
    independent historical comparison.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The forbidden tree or fruit tradition is described as shared by Mohammedans
    and Christians, though with variant identifications of the fruit or tree.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Fall tradition with forbidden tree or fruit in Islamic and Christian contexts
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage only compares opinions about the tree or fruit and points
    elsewhere for fuller Fall details.
- id: claim:3
  claim: 'The address to the children of Israel recalls a Pentateuchal-style Exodus
    pattern: oppression by Pharaoh''s people, deliverance, sea division, and drowning
    of the enemy.'
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Exodus sea-deliverance tradition
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:9
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage itself names Pharaoh, Moses, the law, and the sea event,
    but the comparison to the Pentateuch is supported mainly by the note that the
    Koran confirms the Pentateuch.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8935-8940
  quote_or_summary: Sale's notes state that Mohammed places paradise in the seventh
    heaven and that opinions differ about the forbidden tree or fruit, including wheat,
    fig-tree, and vine.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8941-8948
  quote_or_summary: A tradition says the devil was refused entry to paradise, asked
    animals to carry him in, and was carried by the serpent between its teeth; the
    serpent was then beautiful in form.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8949-8957
  quote_or_summary: Adam is said to fall on Ceylon and Eve near Joddah; after two
    hundred years Adam repents and Gabriel guides him to a mountain near Mecca where
    he finds Eve, after which they retire to Ceylon.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8958-8967
  quote_or_summary: A note reports traditions of the gigantic stature of Adam and
    Eve, including Adam as tall as a high palm-tree and mountain footprint traditions.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8968-8975
  quote_or_summary: A note says God promised Adam revelation for him and his posterity,
    fulfilled through prophets from Adam to Mohammed, and explains a word that can
    mean revelation, scripture, Qur'anic verses, or visible miracles.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8976-8981
  quote_or_summary: The Jews are called to receive the Koran as verifying the Pentateuch
    and not to conceal or corrupt passages of their law.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8988-8991
  quote_or_summary: The text commands not clothing truth with vanity or concealing
    truth, and commands prayer, legal alms, bowing, and consistency in justice.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8992-8996
  quote_or_summary: The text urges perseverance and prayer, says the humble expect
    to meet and return to the Lord, and warns of a day when no soul can satisfy for
    another and no intercession, compensation, or help is accepted.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8997-9001
  quote_or_summary: Israel is reminded of deliverance from Pharaoh's people, who killed
    male children and spared females; the sea is divided and Pharaoh's people are
    drowned while Israel looks on.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9002-9007
  quote_or_summary: Moses treats with God for forty nights; the people take the calf
    as god and are forgiven; Moses receives the book of the law and the distinction
    between good and evil.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:11
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9008-9016
  quote_or_summary: Moses tells his people they injured their souls by taking the
    calf as god and commands them to turn to their Creator and slay the guilty; God
    turns toward them mercifully.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
- id: ev:12
  type: summary
  locator: lines 9017-9023
  quote_or_summary: The people say they will not believe Moses until they see God
    manifestly; punishment comes while they look on, and then they are raised to life
    after having been dead.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source metadata; summarized evidence.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Some motif identifications
    rely on translator's notes and traditional summaries embedded in the passage,
    so human review is recommended.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Source metadata indicates public-domain English translation. Taxonomy references were limited to those supplied in the request.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l8935-l9023
  passage_sha256=662443d85f397d7e8b6664431196d04bc20f5165919ea9790cce8fede441a414