Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l8861-l8933

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l8861-l8933

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l8861-l8933
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: CHAPTER I. / IN THE NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD / CHAPTER II. / IN THE
    NAME OF THE MOST MERCIFUL GOD.; lines 8861-8933
  start: '8861'
  end: '8933'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage includes Sale's notes on Adam's creation from earth or clay,
    angelic homage, and parallels in Jewish and Christian traditions, followed by
    Qur'anic text in which Adam and his wife dwell in the garden, are forbidden a
    tree, are caused by Satan to lose paradise, descend to earth, receive words of
    prayer and divine mercy, and are told that guidance, judgment, hell fire for rejecters,
    and covenant obligations will follow.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A note says God sent angels to fetch earth for Adam's creation; the earth
    feared the future creature would rebel, and Azral completed the task after others
    returned without doing so.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The note says the earth was kneaded by angels, fashioned by God into human
    form, left to dry, animated with an intelligent soul, and that Eve was formed
    from Adam's left side after Adam was placed in paradise.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: A note says Jewish traditions describe man naming animals and giving correct
    names for himself and God after angels could not name the animals.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: A note says the angels' adoring of Adam is mentioned in the Talmud and explains
    the original word as prostration or civil homage in this context.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: A note compares the occasion of the devil's fall with a Christian opinion
    that some angels envied the dignity intended for human nature and revolted.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Adam and his wife are told to dwell in the garden, eat its fruit plentifully,
    and not approach a particular tree lest they become transgressors.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: Satan caused Adam and his wife to forfeit paradise and to be turned out of
    their prior state of happiness.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: After the fall from paradise, a command says to go down, with enmity between
    them, and to have a dwelling-place and provision on earth for a season.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: Adam learned words of prayer from his Lord, and God turned toward him mercifully.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:10
  text: A divine speech promises future direction; those who follow it will have no
    fear or grief, while unbelievers who accuse the signs of falsehood will remain
    with hell fire.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: obs:11
  text: The children of Israel are addressed with a command to remember divine favor,
    perform their covenant with God, believe in the revelation, and avoid exchanging
    signs for a small price.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: obs:12
  text: A note glosses a statement of death and life as pre-birth nonlife, life in
    the womb, death, and later resurrection.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God / LORD
  description: The divine speaker and actor who creates, commands, gives life, turns
    mercifully to Adam, gives guidance, and calls for covenant fidelity.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
  - ev:10
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Adam
  description: The first human in the passage and notes; formed from earth or clay,
    placed in paradise, instructed about the garden and tree, expelled after Satan's
    action, and taught words of prayer.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Adam's wife / Eve
  description: Adam's wife in the Qur'anic passage; the note identifies her as Eve
    formed from Adam's left side.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Satan / Eblis
  description: The passage says Satan caused Adam and his wife to forfeit paradise;
    the note identifies Eblis as formerly among angels near God's presence and later
    the devil.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Angels
  description: Heavenly beings in the notes who are sent to fetch earth, knead it,
    visit Adam's clay form, and are associated with homage to Adam.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Azral
  description: The angel who fetches earth after other angels fail and is appointed
    to separate souls from bodies, being called the angel of death.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: The earth
  description: In the creation note, the earth is described as apprehensive and requesting
    that its fear of the future creature's rebellion be represented to God.
  role_refs:
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Unbelievers / accusers of signs
  description: Those described as disbelieving and accusing divine signs of falsehood,
    destined to be companions of hell fire.
  role_refs:
  - role:11
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Children of Israel
  description: The addressed group told to remember divine favor, perform the covenant,
    believe the revelation, and fear God.
  role_refs:
  - role:12
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: creator and life-giver
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God fashions and animates Adam in the notes and is associated with giving
    life and resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:10
- id: role:2
  label: divine commander and guide
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God commands Adam and his wife in the garden and promises future direction.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:8
- id: role:3
  label: first human formed from earth
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The note describes Adam's formation from earth or clay into a human form.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:4
  label: garden companion and wife
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage addresses Adam and his wife dwelling and eating in the garden
    together.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:5
  label: tempter or cause of forfeited paradise
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: The passage states that Satan caused them to forfeit paradise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: penitent recipient of mercy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Adam learns words of prayer and God turns toward him.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:7
  label: heavenly messengers and homage-givers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: The notes describe angels fetching earth, kneading it, visiting the clay
    form, and adoring Adam.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: covenant partner and judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God promises safety for those who follow direction, hell fire for rejecters,
    and reciprocal covenant performance with the children of Israel.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  - ev:9
- id: role:9
  label: angel of death
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The note says God appointed Azral to separate souls from bodies and calls
    him the angel of death.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:10
  label: personified source of creation material
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The earth supplies the material for Adam's creation and is described as fearing
    future rebellion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:11
  label: rejecters subject to punishment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Unbelievers who accuse signs of falsehood are said to be companions of hell
    fire forever.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: role:12
  label: covenant people addressed
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: The children of Israel are addressed as recipients of favor and parties to
    a covenant with God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: forbidden tree
  literal_form: tree in the garden that Adam and his wife are told not to approach
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs:
  - tree
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:2
  label: garden / paradise
  literal_form: garden or paradise where Adam and his wife dwell before forfeiting
    it
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:3
  label: earth or clay of Adam's formation
  literal_form: earth taken from different depths and colors, kneaded and fashioned
    into human form
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:4
  label: prostration / adoration
  literal_form: gesture of prostrating oneself until the forehead touches the ground,
    explained as homage in this context
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: hell fire
  literal_form: hell fire where unbelievers remain forever
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - fire
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
- id: sym:6
  label: words of prayer
  literal_form: words learned by Adam from his Lord before God turns toward him
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: sym:7
  label: covenant
  literal_form: reciprocal covenant between God and the children of Israel
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Creation of Adam from earth
  summary: The notes describe angels sent to collect earth, Azral successfully taking
    it, the material being kneaded and fashioned by God, and the clay figure being
    animated with an intelligent soul.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Naming and angelic homage in comparative note
  summary: A note recounts a Jewish tradition in which man names animals when angels
    cannot, and it also mentions angelic adoration of Adam and explains prostration
    as civil homage in this context.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Garden command and prohibited tree
  summary: Adam and his wife are told to dwell in the garden, eat its fruit freely,
    but not approach the specified tree.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Forfeiture of paradise and descent to earth
  summary: Satan causes Adam and his wife to forfeit paradise; they are told to go
    down, with enmity and an earthly dwelling-place and provision for a season.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Prayer, mercy, guidance, and judgment
  summary: Adam learns words of prayer and receives divine mercy; future guidance
    is promised, with safety for followers and hell fire for rejecters.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  - ev:8
- id: scene:6
  label: Covenant address to the children of Israel
  summary: The children of Israel are told to remember divine favor, perform the covenant,
    believe the revelation, and revere God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
- id: scene:7
  label: Death, life, and resurrection gloss
  summary: A note glosses the sequence as pre-birth death, life in the womb, later
    death, and being raised at resurrection.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: first human formed from earth and animated by God
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The notes describe Adam's material taken from earth, kneaded, fashioned into
    human form, dried, and animated by God with an intelligent soul.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: This motif is present in the notes rather than only in the translated
    Qur'anic verses in this line range.
- id: motif:2
  label: forbidden tree and transgression boundary
  taxonomy_refs:
  - forbidden_knowledge
  basis: Adam and his wife may eat in the garden but are forbidden to approach a particular
    tree lest they become transgressors.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage names a forbidden tree but does not explicitly describe the
    tree as conferring knowledge.
- id: motif:3
  label: loss of paradise and descent to earth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - departure
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Satan causes the loss of paradise, and the figures are told to go down to
    earth with enmity and provision for a season.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the move as command and consequence; broader doctrinal
    interpretation should be reviewed.
- id: motif:4
  label: repentance followed by divine mercy
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Adam learns words of prayer from his Lord, and God turns toward him mercifully.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly matches repentance or forgiveness.
- id: motif:5
  label: guidance divides the saved from rejecters
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Those who follow divine direction are promised no fear or grief, while unbelievers
    who reject signs are assigned to hell fire forever.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage states the judgment outcome but does not narrate a final judgment
    scene in detail.
- id: motif:6
  label: covenant with the children of Israel
  taxonomy_refs:
  - covenant
  basis: The children of Israel are told to remember favor and perform their covenant
    with God, with God performing his covenant with them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:9
  confidence: high
  cautions: The line range begins the covenant address but may continue beyond the
    excerpt.
- id: motif:7
  label: resurrection after death
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: A note explains that after death people shall be raised again at the resurrection.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:10
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is an explanatory note attached to the verse, not a full resurrection
    narrative in the excerpt.
- id: motif:8
  label: human wisdom shown by naming
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The note recounts a tradition in which man names animals and correctly names
    himself and God when angels cannot name the animals.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: This appears in the annotator's comparative explanation, not as direct
    Qur'anic narrative in the excerpt.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The annotator explicitly compares the Adam naming and angelic homage material
    with Jewish traditions, including a Talmudic reference to angels adoring Adam.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Jewish Adam traditions and Talmudic angelic adoration of Adam
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison is supplied by Sale's note; the excerpt does not provide
    the Jewish texts themselves for direct verification.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The annotator says the account of the devil's fall has affinity with a Christian
    opinion in which angels envy the dignity granted to human nature and revolt.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Christian traditions of angelic envy and revolt at human exaltation
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The claim is an early modern annotator's comparison and should not
    be treated as demonstrated historical dependence without external evidence.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8867-8893
  quote_or_summary: Sale's note describes angels sent to fetch earth for Adam's creation,
    Azral completing the task, the earth being kneaded and fashioned into human form,
    Adam's animation with an intelligent soul, and Eve formed from his left side.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8894-8900
  quote_or_summary: A note says the story was borrowed from Jewish traditions in which
    man names animals after angels cannot, and adds that angelic adoration of Adam
    is mentioned in the Talmud.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8901-8904
  quote_or_summary: A note explains the original word as prostration with the forehead
    to the ground, here used for civil worship or homage paid to creatures.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8905-8909
  quote_or_summary: A note says the devil's fall has affinity with a Christian opinion
    that angels envied the dignity planned for human nature and revolted.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:5
  type: quote
  locator: lines 8918-8921
  quote_or_summary: Adam and his wife are told to dwell in the garden and eat freely,
    but not to approach the tree lest they become transgressors.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short passage summarized rather than fully quoted.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8922-8925
  quote_or_summary: Satan causes Adam and his wife to forfeit paradise; they are told
    to get down, to be enemies to one another, and to have an earthly dwelling-place
    and provision for a season.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8926-8927
  quote_or_summary: Adam learns words of prayer from his Lord, and God turns toward
    him as merciful and easy to reconcile.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8928-8931
  quote_or_summary: God promises future direction; followers of that direction will
    have no fear or grief, while unbelievers who accuse signs of falsehood will be
    companions of hell fire forever.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:9
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8932-8933
  quote_or_summary: The children of Israel are told to remember divine favor, perform
    the covenant with God, believe the revelation, and not exchange divine signs for
    a small price.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
- id: ev:10
  type: summary
  locator: lines 8864-8866
  quote_or_summary: A note explains death and life as nonlife before birth, life in
    the womb, death, and being raised again at the resurrection.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized for extraction.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The extraction combines translated Qur'anic text with Sale's explanatory
    and comparative notes in the supplied line range. Items relying on the notes should
    be reviewed separately from items in the translated verses.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the provided passage and metadata. Taxonomy references are limited to supplied motif families and symbols.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l8861-l8933
  passage_sha256=a48f03d0ba0302bc0c5598c1b351f35c9b66fdc604dd967d603472cf9ac08074