batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l7990-l8040
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l7990-l8040
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: SECTION VI. / OF THE INSTITUTIONS OF THE KORAN IN CIVIL AFFAIRS. / SECTION
VII. / SECTION VIII.; lines 7990-8040
start: '7990'
end: '8040'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage summarizes Jabarian doctrines of necessity and divine decree,
distinguishes pure and moderate Jabarians, describes Jahmian claims about the
eventual annihilation of paradise and hell so that only God remains, and explains
debates over human acquisition of actions, divine creation of human acts, reward,
punishment, and God's absolute lordship over creatures.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The Jabarians are named from a term glossed as necessity or compulsion.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The passage says they hold that man acts by force of God's eternal and immutable
decree.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Pure Jabarians deny that men act or possess operative or acquiring power.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: Pure Jabarians compare man to an inanimate agent lacking power, will, and
choice.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: The passage says rewarding, punishing, and imposing commands are treated as
effects of necessity in this doctrine.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:6
text: The Jahmians are described as followers of Jahm Ebn Safwn.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: The Jahmians are said to hold that paradise and hell will vanish or be annihilated
after their destined inhabitants enter them.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:8
text: After the annihilation of paradise and hell, the passage says no existing
being would remain besides God.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:9
text: Moderate Jabarians ascribe some power to man, but the passage says this power
has no influence on the action.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:10
text: Acquisition is defined as an action directed toward obtaining profit or removing
hurt, and is not applied to God's actions.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:11
text: The Najrians taught that God created men's good and bad actions and that man
acquired them.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: obs:12
text: The Derrians held that men's actions are really created by God and really
acquired by man.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: obs:13
text: The Jabarians say God is absolute Lord of his creatures and may deal with
them according to his pleasure without rendering account.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: obs:14
text: The passage presents a doctrinal claim that God could admit all men into paradise
or cast all into hell.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The deity whose eternal decree, creation of human actions, lordship,
and power over paradise and hell are discussed.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:2
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:7
- ev:9
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Man / men
description: Human beings described as constrained by decree, denied power by pure
Jabarians, or said to acquire actions by some moderate groups.
role_refs:
- role:4
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Pure Jabarians
description: A rigid Jabarian subgroup said to deny human action, power, will, or
choice.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Jahmians
description: Followers of Jahm Ebn Safwn, associated with the doctrine that paradise
and hell will eventually be annihilated.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Jahm Ebn Safwn
description: Named teacher whose followers are identified as the Jahmians.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Moderate Jabarians
description: A Jabarian subgroup ascribing some non-influential power to man and
connected with debates over acquisition.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Najrians
description: Adherents of al Hasan Ebn Mohammed al Najr, said to teach divine creation
of human actions and human acquisition.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: al Hasan Ebn Mohammed al Najr
description: Named teacher of the Najrians.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Derrians
description: Disciples of Derr Ebn Amru, said to hold that human actions are created
by God and acquired by man.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Derr Ebn Amru
description: Named teacher of the Derrians.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
label: decreeing deity
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage attributes human action to God's eternal and immutable decree
in Jabarian doctrine.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:2
label: creator of human actions
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: Najrian and Derrian teachings described in the passage say men's actions
are created by God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:3
label: absolute lord and judge
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage says God is absolute Lord, need not render account, and may assign
all men to paradise or hell.
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
- id: role:4
label: constrained human agent
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The passage describes man as necessarily constrained and, in the pure form,
lacking power, will, and choice.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: acquirer of actions
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: Moderate doctrines described in the passage assign acquisition of actions
to man.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:6
label: necessitarian sectarian group
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: Pure Jabarians are described as denying human power and treating reward and
punishment as effects of necessity.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: role:7
label: annihilation doctrine group
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The Jahmians are associated with the claim that paradise and hell will vanish
or be annihilated.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:8
label: named doctrinal teacher
assigned_to:
- fig:5
- fig:8
- fig:10
basis: Each named person is presented as the teacher or source of a group.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: role:9
label: moderating doctrinal group
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Moderate Jabarians occupy a middle position in the passage's account of human
power and acquisition.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:10
label: acquisition doctrine group
assigned_to:
- fig:7
- fig:9
basis: Najrians and Derrians are both described as holding that man acquires actions
created by God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: paradise
literal_form: paradise
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: sym:2
label: hell
literal_form: hell
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:9
- id: sym:3
label: eternal and immutable decree
literal_form: decree
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:4
label: acquisition
literal_form: acquisition
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Jabarian doctrine of necessity
summary: The passage introduces the Jabarians as a sect named for necessity or compulsion
and summarizes their view that human action occurs by God's decree.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- id: scene:2
label: Jahmian annihilation of paradise and hell
summary: The passage attributes to the Jahmians the doctrine that paradise and hell
will vanish after their destined inhabitants enter them, leaving no existing being
besides God.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: scene:3
label: Moderate Jabarian acquisition
summary: The passage explains moderate positions that attribute some kind of acquisition
or concurrence to man while retaining divine creation of actions.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:6
- fig:7
- fig:8
- fig:9
- fig:10
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
- id: scene:4
label: Absolute divine disposal of creatures
summary: The passage reports the claim that God is absolute Lord of creatures and
could assign all men to paradise or hell without rendering account.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:9
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: divine judgment over paradise and hell
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The passage repeatedly invokes reward, punishment, paradise, hell, and God's
authority to admit or cast humans into these destinations.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:9
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is doctrinal exposition rather than a narrative judgment scene.
- id: motif:2
label: annihilation of created realms leaving only God
taxonomy_refs:
- annihilation_union
basis: The passage reports a doctrine that paradise and hell will be annihilated
and that no existing being will remain besides God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: The taxonomy label includes 'union,' but the passage explicitly states
annihilation and sole remaining divine existence, not experiential union.
- id: motif:3
label: necessity versus human agency
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage centers on whether human beings have power, will, choice, or
acquisition in relation to actions created or decreed by God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:5
- ev:6
- ev:7
- ev:8
confidence: high
cautions: No available taxonomy reference directly matches this doctrinal agency
pattern.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 7990-7995
quote_or_summary: Jabarians are named from a term meaning necessity or compulsion
and hold that man acts by force of God's eternal and immutable decree.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 7995-8002
quote_or_summary: Pure Jabarians deny that men act or have operative or acquiring
power and describe man as lacking power, will, and choice like an inanimate agent.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 8002-8004
quote_or_summary: The passage says this doctrine treats rewarding, punishing, and
the imposing of commands as effects of necessity.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 8004-8013
quote_or_summary: The Jahmians, followers of Jahm Ebn Safwn, are said to hold that
paradise and hell will vanish or be annihilated after their destined inhabitants
enter them, so that only God remains.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 8013-8022
quote_or_summary: Moderate Jabarians ascribe some power to man, but the passage
says such power has no influence on action; some positions describe acquisition
or concurrence while denying influence on the action.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 8022-8028
quote_or_summary: Acquisition is defined as action directed toward obtaining profit
or removing hurt and is not applied to God's action, since God acquires neither
profit nor hurt.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 8028-8034
quote_or_summary: The Najrians, adherents of al Hasan Ebn Mohammed al Najr, taught
that God created men's good and bad actions and that man acquired them, with acquisition
described as a kind of co-operation.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:8
type: summary
locator: lines 8034-8037
quote_or_summary: The Derrians, disciples of Derr Ebn Amru, held that men's actions
are really created by God and really acquired by man.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:9
type: summary
locator: lines 8037-8040
quote_or_summary: The Jabarians say God is absolute Lord of creatures, may deal
with them according to his pleasure, need not render account, and could admit
all men into paradise or cast all into hell.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: uncertain
notes: Extraction is based on a short doctrinal prose passage. Motif candidates
are limited because the passage is expository rather than mythic narrative. No
comparison claims were added because the passage itself does not make a comparative
claim beyond internal sectarian classification.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
Source metadata identifies the larger work as Sale's Qur'an translation, but this passage is a prose explanatory section on Islamic theological sects and doctrines.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l7990-l8040
passage_sha256=90b23e9aed9928c87623aa58baa28996a034fc4d8e85e1ce12e391dbf62ab1d4