batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l7939-l7987
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l7939-l7987
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: SECTION VI. / OF THE INSTITUTIONS OF THE KORAN IN CIVIL AFFAIRS. / SECTION
VII. / SECTION VIII.; lines 7939-7987
start: '7939'
end: '7987'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage summarizes several theological groups and reports attributed
to them: Moshabbehites are said to liken God to created beings; some are said
to allow divine-human union or divine appearance in human form; Kermians are described
as corporalists who treat God as bodily, with one named figure giving a detailed
anthropomorphic description. The commentary attributes such views to literal readings
of figurative scriptural language and to reported sayings of Mohammed, and it
alleges that some forged traditions were borrowed from Jews. It then gives Jewish/Talmudic
examples of anthropomorphic divine grief and roaring. The passage ends with a
fragment identifying Jabarians as opponents of Kadarians and deniers of human
free agency.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: The Moshabbehites, also called Assimilators, are described as allowing resemblance
between God and created beings.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The passage says this group supposed God to be a figure composed of members
or parts and capable of local motion, including ascent and descent.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: Some of the sect are said to have inclined to the opinion that divine nature
might be united with human nature in the same person.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: The passage reports that some granted it possible for God to appear in human
form, comparing this to Gabriel appearing in human form.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:5
text: The passage cites sayings or reports involving Mohammed seeing his Lord in
a beautiful form and Moses talking with God face to face.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: The Kermians or Mojassemians are described as admitting resemblance between
God and created beings and declaring God corporeal.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: Some Kermians are reported as affirming God to be finite or circumscribed,
and others as allowing that God might be felt by the hand and seen by the eye.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:8
text: David al Jawri is reported as describing his deity as a body of flesh and
blood with hands, feet, head, tongue, eyes, ears, and black curled hair.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:9
text: The commentary says these notions resulted from literal acceptance of passages
that figuratively attribute corporeal actions to God and from sayings attributed
to Mohammed.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:10
text: The sect is accused of supporting its view with spurious or forged traditions,
many allegedly borrowed from Jews.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:11
text: The passage says Jews are accused of describing God as weeping for Noah's
flood until his eyes were sore.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:12
text: The passage gives an example from Jewish writings in which God roars like
a lion at night and laments the waste of his house, the burning of his temple,
and the banishment of his children.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:13
text: The Jabarians are introduced as direct opponents of the Kadarians and as denying
free agency in man.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: God
description: The deity described in the reported doctrines and examples as resembling
creatures, having bodily form or actions, appearing in human form, being seen
or felt, and grieving or roaring in cited Jewish examples.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Moshabbehites / Assimilators
description: A sect described as allowing resemblance between God and creatures
and imagining God with members or parts and local motion.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Hollians
description: A group whose opinion is said to include belief that divine nature
might be united with human nature in the same person.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Gabriel
description: Cited as an example of appearing in human form.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: Named in reports or sayings used to support the view that God could
be seen in beautiful form or had bodily attributes.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Moses
description: Named in a cited report of talking with God face to face.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Kermians / followers of Mohammed Ebn Kerm / Mojassemians / Corporalists
description: A sect described as admitting divine resemblance to created beings
and declaring God corporeal.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: David al Jawri
description: A named proponent reported to describe his deity in highly bodily and
anatomical terms.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Jews
description: A group accused in the passage of supplying or containing anthropomorphic
traditions about God, including divine weeping and roaring.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Jabarians
description: A group introduced as direct opponents of the Kadarians and deniers
of human free agency.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Kadarians
description: A group mentioned as the direct opponents of the Jabarians.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
label: anthropomorphizing or corporalist sect
assigned_to:
- fig:2
- fig:7
basis: Both groups are described as likening God to created beings; the Kermians
are additionally called Corporalists.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: role:2
label: deity described in corporeal and anthropomorphic terms
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage reports God being described with members, body, human form, tactile
qualities, and human-like grief or roaring.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:3
label: source of divine-human union opinion
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The Hollians are named as believing that divine nature might be united with
human nature in the same person.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:4
label: example of human-form appearance
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: Gabriel is cited as having appeared in human form.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:5
label: prophetic authority cited by sectarians
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Words or reports attributed to Mohammed are cited to support seeing God in
form or assigning bodily qualities to God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:5
- id: role:6
label: face-to-face interlocutor with God
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Moses is mentioned as talking with God face to face.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: role:7
label: named extreme anthropomorphic proponent
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: David al Jawri is singled out for a detailed bodily description of his deity.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:8
label: alleged source or parallel for anthropomorphic traditions
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: The passage says forged traditions were borrowed from Jews and then cites
Jewish writings with anthropomorphic depictions of God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
- id: role:9
label: denier of human free agency
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: The Jabarians are described as denying free agency in man.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
- id: role:10
label: opposed sect
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: The Kadarians are mentioned only as direct opponents of the Jabarians.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: human body of God
literal_form: Figure composed of members or parts; body of flesh and blood with
limbs, head, tongue, eyes, ears, and hair.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:7
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: sym:2
label: divine human form
literal_form: God appearing in a human form and being seen in a beautiful form.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: ascent and descent
literal_form: Local motion of God, including ascent and descent, as attributed by
the sect described.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- ascent
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:4
label: cold divine fingers
literal_form: Fingers of God laid on Mohammed's back and felt to be cold, as reported
by the commentary.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:5
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:5
label: Noah's flood as occasion of divine weeping
literal_form: God described as weeping for Noah's flood until his eyes were sore.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs:
- water
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: sym:6
label: lion-like divine roar
literal_form: God roaring like a lion at every watch of the night in the cited Jewish
example.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: sym:7
label: burned temple and banished children
literal_form: God lamenting the waste of his house, the burning of his temple, and
the banishment of his children.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:9
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Moshabbehite divine resemblance
summary: The Moshabbehites are described as teaching resemblance between God and
creatures and imagining God as having members, parts, and local motion.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Divine-human union and human-form manifestation
summary: Some associated views allow divine nature to unite with human nature and
allow God to appear in human form, supported by references to Gabriel, Mohammed,
and Moses.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:3
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: scene:3
label: Kermian corporeal deity
summary: The Kermians are described as corporalists, with some allowing God to be
finite, seen, or felt, and David al Jawri giving an anatomical description of
his deity.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:7
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:4
label: Literalist explanation and alleged borrowed traditions
summary: The commentary explains the corporeal notions as arising from literal readings
and from sayings attributed to Mohammed, and says the sect was accused of using
forged traditions borrowed from Jews.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:5
- fig:7
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:5
label: Jewish anthropomorphic divine lament
summary: The passage cites Jewish writings in which God roars like a lion and laments
destruction, a burned temple, and banished children.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: scene:6
label: Jabarian denial of free agency
summary: The passage fragment introduces the Jabarians as opponents of the Kadarians
and as denying human free agency.
figure_refs:
- fig:10
- fig:11
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: anthropomorphic or corporeal deity
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: Multiple groups and reports in the passage describe God as resembling creatures,
having body parts, being bodily, seen, felt, or anatomically described.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is secondary polemical commentary about reported doctrines,
not a narrative episode.
- id: motif:2
label: divine manifestation in human form
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage says some granted that God might appear in human form and cites
examples involving Gabriel's human-form appearance, Mohammed seeing the Lord,
and Moses speaking face to face with God.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage reports doctrinal claims and prooftexts rather than narrating
an actual manifestation.
- id: motif:3
label: divine-human union in one person
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The Hollian-associated opinion is summarized as holding that divine nature
might be united with human nature in the same person.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage gives only a brief doctrinal summary and no narrative context.
- id: motif:4
label: divine ascent and descent
taxonomy_refs:
- ascent
basis: God is said, in the described doctrine, to be capable of local motion, including
ascent and descent.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
confidence: medium
cautions: The motif appears as a claimed divine attribute, not as a described journey
or ascent narrative.
- id: motif:5
label: grieving deity over flood and destruction
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage cites examples of God weeping for Noah's flood and lamenting
the destruction of his house, temple, and children's exile.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: These examples are presented as Jewish writings or accusations within
a comparative polemical note.
- id: motif:6
label: denial of human free agency
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The fragment states that the Jabarians deny free agency in man.
evidence_refs:
- ev:7
confidence: low
cautions: The passage cuts off immediately after introducing this doctrine, so the
pattern is only minimally represented.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage presents anthropomorphic descriptions of God in reported Islamic
sectarian doctrines alongside similar anthropomorphic examples from Jewish writings.
claim_level: same_motif
target: Jewish/Talmudic anthropomorphic divine depictions
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- ev:6
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The comparison is made within a polemical secondary commentary and
does not independently establish the historical accuracy of the reported doctrines.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage reports an accusation that some traditions used to support corporealist
views were borrowed from Jews.
claim_level: historical_contact
target: Alleged borrowing from Jewish traditions into sectarian Islamic anthropomorphic
reports
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: The text frames this as an accusation and does not provide independent
evidence beyond the commentary's claim.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 7939-7946
quote_or_summary: The Moshabbehites or Assimilators are described as allowing resemblance
between God and creatures and supposing God to have members or parts and local
motion, including ascent and descent.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from provided passage.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 7946-7952
quote_or_summary: Some are said to incline to the Hollian view that divine nature
may unite with human nature in one person, and that God may appear in human form;
references include Gabriel, Mohammed seeing his Lord in beautiful form, and Moses
speaking face to face with God.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from provided passage.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 7953-7963
quote_or_summary: The Kermians or Corporalists are described as admitting resemblance
between God and created beings, declaring God corporeal, and in some opinions
calling God finite, circumscribed, touchable, or visible.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from provided passage.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 7963-7972
quote_or_summary: David al Jawri is reported as describing his deity as a body of
flesh and blood with bodily members and black curled hair, while also saying this
body was unlike other bodies.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from provided passage.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 7972-7979
quote_or_summary: The commentary attributes these notions to literal readings of
figurative corporeal actions in the Koran and to sayings of Mohammed, including
man created in God's image and Mohammed feeling God's cold fingers; it says the
sect is accused of using forged traditions borrowed from Jews, including God weeping
for Noah's flood.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from provided passage.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 7980-7987
quote_or_summary: The passage cites Jewish writings in which God roars like a lion
at night and laments having laid waste his house, allowed his temple to burn,
and sent his children into banishment.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from provided passage.
- id: ev:7
type: summary
locator: lines 7985-7987
quote_or_summary: The Jabarians are introduced as direct opponents of the Kadarians,
denying free agency in man; the sentence continues beyond the provided excerpt.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized from provided passage.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: low
notes: The passage is a secondary commentary on sectarian doctrines and accusations,
not a primary narrative passage. Motif candidates are therefore doctrinal-symbolic
rather than narrative. The historical-contact comparison is explicitly framed
as an accusation in the passage.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No external sources were used. Taxonomy refs were kept sparse where the supplied taxonomy did not directly match the passage.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l7939-l7987
passage_sha256=9a497f55cbff17860ab5386c1ada03c58b29455756dddc3240df72c6b7ed3d42