Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l7483-l7537

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l7483-l7537

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l7483-l7537
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: SECTION VI. / OF THE INSTITUTIONS OF THE KORAN IN CIVIL AFFAIRS. / SECTION
    VII. / SECTION VIII.; lines 7483-7537
  start: '7483'
  end: '7537'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage summarizes doctrines attributed to the Mu'tazalites and several
    sub-sects. It describes their claims about divine unity and justice, grievous
    sin and damnation, denial of corporeal vision of God, rejection of similitudes
    applied to God, scholastic theology, divine attributes, the created or uncreated
    status of God's word, the preserved table, Gabriel and Mohammed as subjects in
    which God's word may be created, human acts, and eternal hell for unrepented mortal
    sin.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: The sect is described as regarding itself as defender of the unity and justice
    of God.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The passage reports a doctrine that a professor of the true religion who commits
    a grievous sin and dies without repentance is eternally damned, though less severely
    than infidels.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: The passage reports that the sect denied corporeal vision of God in paradise
    and rejected comparisons or similitudes applied to God.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: The sect is said to have been the first inventor of scholastic divinity and
    to be subdivided into many inferior sects that brand one another with infidelity.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Abu Hodeil is described as saying that God knew by his knowledge, but that
    God's knowledge was God's essence, and similarly with other attributes.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Abu Hodeil is said to have distinguished God's word as partly not in subjecto
    and uncreated, as in the word Kn or Fiat at creation, and partly in subjecto,
    as in precepts and prohibitions.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The Jobbaians' teacher is reported to have held God's word to be created in
    subjecto, with examples including the preserved table and the memory of Gabriel
    and Mohammed.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage reports Jobbaian doctrines about sight of God in paradise, human
    production of acts, mortal sin, and eternal hell for dying in sins.
  category: other
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:9
  text: The Hashemians are named from Abu Hashem Abd al Salam and are said to have
    tenets nearly agreeing with the preceding sect.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The deity whose unity, justice, knowledge, essence, word, visibility
    in paradise, and knowledge of servants are discussed.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Mu'tazalites
  description: A sect described as defenders of the unity and justice of God, with
    doctrines on sin, damnation, divine vision, and divine comparisons.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Hodeilians
  description: Followers of Hamdan Abu Hodeil, a Mu'tazalite doctor.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Hamdan Abu Hodeil
  description: A Mu'tazalite doctor associated with doctrines about God's knowledge,
    essence, attributes, and God's word.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Jobbaians
  description: Followers of Abu Ali Mohammed Ebn Abd al Wahhab, surnamed al Jobbai.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Abu Ali Mohammed Ebn Abd al Wahhab, surnamed al Jobbai
  description: Teacher associated with doctrines about God's knowing, God's word,
    divine sight, human acts, mortal sin, and eternal hell.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: Named as a memory in which God's word may be created in subjecto according
    to the reported Jobbaian doctrine.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: Named as a memory in which God's word may be created in subjecto according
    to the reported Jobbaian doctrine.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Hashemians
  description: Followers named from Abu Hashem Abd al Salam, with tenets nearly agreeing
    with the preceding sect.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Abu Hashem Abd al Salam
  description: Son of Abu Ali al Jobbai and namesake master of the Hashemians.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine subject of theological attributes
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage discusses God's unity, justice, essence, knowledge, word, and
    possible sight in paradise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:6
- id: role:2
  label: sect asserting doctrines
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage attributes doctrines to the Mu'tazalite sect concerning God,
    sin, paradise, and similitudes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: sub-sect or follower group
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:9
  basis: The passage identifies these groups as followers of named teachers or masters.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
- id: role:4
  label: sectarian teacher or master
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  - fig:6
  - fig:10
  basis: The passage names these individuals as doctors, teachers, or masters from
    whom sub-sects take their names or doctrines.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  - ev:7
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: God's word Kn / Fiat
  literal_form: The word of God, specifically Kn or Fiat, spoken at creation in Abu
    Hodeil's reported distinction.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:2
  label: preserved table
  literal_form: The preserved table, given as an example of a subject in which God's
    word is created according to the reported Jobbaian doctrine.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:3
  label: corporeal eye
  literal_form: The corporeal eye, mentioned in relation to denied or debated vision
    of God in paradise.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: sym:4
  label: paradise
  literal_form: Paradise, the setting in which corporeal vision or sight of God is
    denied or debated.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
- id: sym:5
  label: hell
  literal_form: Hell, the eternal destination reported for those who die in mortal
    sin in the Jobbaian doctrine and for grievous unrepented sinners in the general
    doctrine.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: General Mu'tazalite doctrines
  summary: The sect is described as defending divine unity and justice, teaching eternal
    damnation for grievous unrepented sin, and denying corporeal vision or similitudes
    of God.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Sub-sects and mutual accusations
  summary: The sect is said to have originated scholastic divinity and to have many
    sub-sects that brand one another with infidelity.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Hodeilian teaching on attributes and God's word
  summary: Abu Hodeil's followers are associated with doctrines identifying God's
    knowledge with God's essence and distinguishing forms of God's word, including
    Kn or Fiat at creation.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Jobbaian teaching on created word and judgment
  summary: The Jobbaian teacher is associated with doctrines about God's word being
    created in subjecto, examples of its subjects, human acts, mortal sin, and eternal
    hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: scene:5
  label: Hashemian continuity
  summary: The Hashemians are named from Abu Hashem Abd al Salam and are described
    as having tenets nearly like those of the preceding sect.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: divine judgment on unrepented sin
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage repeatedly reports doctrines in which grievous or mortal sin
    without repentance leads to eternal damnation or eternal hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: This is a theological-doctrinal formulation rather than a narrative myth
    episode.
- id: motif:2
  label: denied vision of the deity in paradise
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage reports denial or debate concerning whether God can be seen in
    paradise by corporeal eyes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly matches divine vision; extracted
    as a passage-level motif candidate only.
- id: motif:3
  label: divine speech at creation
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Abu Hodeil's reported distinction includes God's word Kn or Fiat spoken at
    creation as an uncreated form of divine word.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage states this as a theological example, not as a developed creation
    narrative.
- id: motif:4
  label: wisdom discourse on divine essence and attributes
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage treats scholastic divinity and doctrinal reasoning about God's
    knowledge, essence, attributes, and word.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is broad; the passage is doctrinal rather than
    proverbial or narrative wisdom literature.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage says orthodox critics regarded Abu Hodeil's view of divine attributes
    as close to making distinctions in the deity, a thing they abhorred in Christians.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Christian distinctions in the deity, as characterized by the passage
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This is a polemical theological comparison reported by the passage,
    not evidence of shared mythic narrative or historical contact.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 7483-7488
  quote_or_summary: The sect is said to defend God's unity and justice; to teach eternal
    damnation for grievous unrepented sin, though lighter than that of infidels; and
    to deny corporeal vision of God in paradise and similitudes applied to God.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 7489-7494
  quote_or_summary: The sect is said to have been the first inventor of scholastic
    divinity and to be divided into many inferior sects that mutually brand one another
    with infidelity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 7495-7506
  quote_or_summary: The Hodeilians are identified as followers of Hamdan Abu Hodeil.
    He is reported to say that God knew by his knowledge, but God's knowledge was
    God's essence, and similarly for other attributes; the passage compares orthodox
    objections to concern over distinctions in the deity associated with Christians.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 7506-7511
  quote_or_summary: Abu Hodeil is reported to distinguish God's word as partly not
    in subjecto and uncreated, as when God spoke Kn or Fiat at creation, and partly
    in subjecto, as precepts and prohibitions.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 7514-7524
  quote_or_summary: The Jobbaians are identified as followers of Abu Ali Mohammed
    Ebn Abd al Wahhab, surnamed al Jobbai. He is reported to hold God's word created
    in subjecto, for example in the preserved table and in the memory of Gabriel and
    Mohammed.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: 7524-7532
  quote_or_summary: The passage reports Jobbaian views that God could not be seen
    in paradise without corporeal eyes, that humans produce acts by a superadded power,
    that a mortal sinner is a transgressor, and that one who dies in sins is doomed
    to hell for eternity.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: 7532-7537
  quote_or_summary: The Hashemians are named from Abu Hashem Abd al Salam, son of
    Abu Ali al Jobbai, and their tenets are said to agree nearly with those of the
    preceding sect.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: medium
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is a doctrinal prose summary rather than a mythic narrative.
    Motif candidates therefore identify recurring theological patterns supported by
    the text, with cautions where taxonomy fit is broad.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Only the provided passage and metadata were used. Available taxonomy references were applied only where directly supportable.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l7483-l7537
  passage_sha256=5b73ccfb676786c41e355ba364249ce000b8f5af990dc28dfdd9ebee10a24ea1