batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l6430-l6505
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l6430-l6505
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: SECTION V. / OF CERTAIN NEGATIVE PRECEPTS IN THE KORN. / SECTION VI. / OF
THE INSTITUTIONS OF THE KORAN IN CIVIL AFFAIRS.; lines 6430-6505
start: '6430'
end: '6505'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: The passage summarizes legal rules attributed to the Koran, Sonna, and
Jewish law concerning divorce, waiting periods, nursing and maintenance, sexual
offenses, evidentiary requirements, false accusation, and oath procedures invoking
God's vengeance.
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: If a woman is divorced before consummation, she is not required to wait a
specified period, and the man owes only half of her dower.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: A divorced woman with a young child is to suckle the child until it is two
years old, while the father maintains her; a widow is also bound to suckle and
must wait four months and ten days before remarriage.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: The passage says comparable Jewish rules require a divorced woman or widow
to wait ninety days, and require maintenance for a nursing woman for two years,
with exceptions if the child dies or her milk dries up.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:4
text: The passage describes severe punishments for whoredom, adultery, and fornication,
including earlier imprisonment, later stoning for an adulteress by the Sonna,
stripes and banishment for unmarried fornication, and half punishment for a she-slave.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:5
text: To make adultery a capital charge, four witnesses are required; the commentators
are said to require male witnesses.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:6
text: A false accuser of a reputable woman who cannot produce the required witnesses
receives fourscore stripes and is barred from valid future testimony.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:7
text: If a husband accuses his wife of infidelity without sufficient evidence, he
may swear four times and invoke God's vengeance on the fifth; the wife may answer
with equivalent oaths and imprecation, avoiding punishment though the marriage
is dissolved.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:8
text: The passage states that many of these rules agree with Jewish decisions and
Mosaic law, including death for adultery involving a married woman or betrothed
virgin and the same punishment for the man who debauched them.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Divorced woman or widow
description: A woman subject to waiting-period, dower, suckling, and remarriage
rules after divorce or widowhood.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: Young child
description: The child who is to be suckled until two years old.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: Father
description: The father who must maintain the woman while she suckles the child.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: Woman accused or convicted of sexual offense
description: Includes adulteress, unmarried woman guilty of fornication, she-slave
convicted of adultery, and wife accused of infidelity.
role_refs:
- role:1
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Male accuser or husband
description: A man who accuses a woman of whoredom, or a husband who accuses his
wife of infidelity without sufficient evidence.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Four witnesses
description: The required witnesses for a capital adultery accusation, said by commentators
to be men.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: God
description: God is invoked in the husband's fifth imprecation of vengeance if his
accusation is false.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Jewish and Mosaic legal authorities
description: The passage refers to Jewish decisions and the law of Moses as comparable
legal sources.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
label: regulated legal subject
assigned_to:
- fig:1
- fig:4
basis: The passage assigns waiting, suckling, punishment, oath, or remarriage rules
to these women.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: role:2
label: nursed child
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The child is to be suckled until two years old.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: maintenance provider
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The father maintains the woman while she suckles the child.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:4
label: punished offender or accused person
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: The passage lists punishments for adultery, fornication, and infidelity accusations.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: role:5
label: accuser
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: The man brings a charge of whoredom or infidelity and may be punished if
he cannot support it.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: role:6
label: required witnesses
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Four witnesses are expressly required for a capital adultery conviction.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:7
label: divine avenger invoked in oath
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: The fifth oath calls God's vengeance on the accuser if the accusation is
false.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: role:8
label: comparative legal tradition
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: The passage explicitly compares Koranic decisions with Jewish and Mosaic
rules.
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: milk
literal_form: Milk of the nursing woman, mentioned as drying up in the Jewish-rule
comparison.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
taxonomy_refs:
- milk
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: sym:2
label: two-year nursing period
literal_form: Two years as the required time for suckling or maintenance in the
child-nursing rule.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: four witnesses
literal_form: Four witnesses required to prove adultery as a capital offense.
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:6
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:4
label: four oaths and fifth imprecation
literal_form: Four sworn assertions followed by a fifth invocation of God's vengeance.
associated_figures:
- fig:5
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Divorce, widowhood, nursing, and maintenance rules
summary: The passage sets out waiting-period, dower, suckling, and maintenance rules
for divorced women, widows, fathers, and children.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: scene:2
label: Punishments and proof for sexual offenses
summary: The passage lists punishments for adultery, fornication, and related offenses,
including imprisonment, stoning, stripes, banishment, and reduced punishment for
a she-slave; it also states the requirement of four witnesses.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
symbol_refs:
- sym:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: scene:3
label: Marital accusation resolved by reciprocal oath
summary: A husband without sufficient evidence may swear four times and invoke divine
vengeance; the wife may respond with parallel oaths, avoiding punishment while
the marriage is dissolved.
figure_refs:
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Comparison with Jewish and Mosaic law
summary: The passage states that rules on waiting, nursing, adultery, and punishment
correspond to Jewish decisions and Mosaic law.
figure_refs:
- fig:8
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Oath with divine imprecation as legal adjudication
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The husband may invoke God's vengeance on himself if his accusation is false,
and the wife may avert punishment by a parallel oath procedure.
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage presents a legal procedure, not a narrative episode of divine
judgment being visibly enacted.
- id: motif:2
label: Sexual accusation requiring multiple witnesses
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage requires four witnesses for capital adultery accusations and
penalizes unsupported accusations.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a legal evidentiary rule rather than a mythic motif; no broader
taxonomy reference is supplied.
- id: motif:3
label: Post-marital waiting and nursing obligation
taxonomy_refs: []
basis: The passage regulates waiting periods after divorce or widowhood and links
child-nursing to maintenance by the father.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: This is a civil-law pattern, not a mythic narrative motif.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage says the Koranic rules on divorced or widowed women, waiting
periods, and nursing maintenance are copied from or correspond to Jewish rules.
claim_level: same_function
target: Jewish rules on divorce, widowhood, remarriage delay, and nursing maintenance
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: This records the passage author's comparative assertion only; it does
not independently establish historical borrowing.
- id: claim:2
claim: The passage states that several Koranic decisions on adultery and fornication
agree with Jewish decisions and Mosaic law.
claim_level: same_function
target: Jewish decisions and Mosaic law on adultery, betrothed virgins, and punishment
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: high
limitations: The comparison is limited to legal function and penalty as summarized
in this passage.
- id: claim:3
claim: The oath procedure invoking God's vengeance supports a cautious comparison
to a broader divine-judgment pattern in which a sacred oath substitutes for direct
proof.
claim_level: same_function
target: Divine-judgment oath or ordeal pattern
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: low
limitations: The passage contains no ordeal or narrated divine intervention; the
comparison rests only on the imprecation formula.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 6438-6444
quote_or_summary: Rules are given for divorce before consummation, half dower, a
divorced woman suckling a young child until two years old with maintenance by
the father, and a widow waiting four months and ten days before remarriage.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 6445-6452
quote_or_summary: 'The passage says these rules are copied from Jewish rules: divorced
women and widows wait ninety days, and nursing women are maintained for two years
unless the child dies or the milk dries up.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 6453-6464
quote_or_summary: 'The passage describes punishments for whoredom, adultery, and
fornication: earlier imprisonment until death, later stoning for adulteress by
the Sonna, one hundred stripes and banishment for unmarried fornication, and half
punishment for a she-slave.'
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 6464-6471
quote_or_summary: Four witnesses are required for a capital adultery conviction,
and a false accuser of a reputable woman who cannot supply them receives fourscore
stripes and loses future testimonial validity.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 6472-6478
quote_or_summary: If a husband accuses his wife without sufficient evidence, he
swears four times and invokes God's vengeance on the fifth; the wife may make
like oaths and imprecation, avoiding punishment though the marriage is dissolved.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 6479-6490
quote_or_summary: The passage states that many preceding particulars agree with
Jewish decisions; Mosaic law punishes adultery involving married women or betrothed
virgins with death, including the man involved.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
extraction: high
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The legal rules and internal comparisons are explicit. Motif interpretation
is cautious because the passage is civil and penal law rather than mythic narrative.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
No external sources were used; only the supplied passage and metadata informed this extraction.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l6430-l6505
passage_sha256=60cdbc979ded7be6ab3fac9111b4c01b0b585499584d46a2a1d812fddfc536cd