Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5733-l5786

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5733-l5786

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5733-l5786
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 5733-5786
  start: '5733'
  end: '5786'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage describes sacred objects and practices associated with the
    Meccan temple: a stone said to be authenticated by swimming on water; the stone
    at Abraham''s place bearing his footsteps and serving in traditions as a self-moving
    scaffold; the holy well of Zemzem, associated with Hagar and Ismael in the desert
    and drunk by pilgrims; the obligation of pilgrimage for able Muslims; and the
    assumption of Ihram with ritual restrictions on hunting and killing during entry
    into sacred territory.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A stone was said to have been returned after twenty-two years and to have
    been proven genuine by its ability to swim on water.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: A stone in Abraham's place is said to show Abraham's footsteps.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: One tradition says Abraham stood on the stone when building the Caaba and
    that it rose and fell by itself as needed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: Another tradition says Abraham stood on the stone while the wife of Ismael
    washed his head.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: The stone at Abraham's place is enclosed in an iron chest, and pilgrims drink
    Zemzem water from it and are ordered to pray at it.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: The well Zemzem is located on the east side of the Caaba and is covered with
    a small building and cupola.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: The well Zemzem is identified in the passage as the spring that gushed out
    for the relief of Ismael when Hagar wandered with him in the desert.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: Zemzem water is treated as holy, drunk devoutly by pilgrims, and sent in bottles
    to many parts of Mohammedan dominions.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: Abd'allah al Hfedh claimed that he acquired great memory by drinking large
    draughts of Zemzem water.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:10
  text: Every Mohammedan with sufficient health and means is said to be obliged to
    perform pilgrimage to the temple at least once, and women are not exempted.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: Pilgrims gather at appointed places near Mecca during specified months and
    must be there by the beginning of Dhu'lhajja.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: At the commencement of pilgrimage, men put on the Ihram, consisting of two
    woolen wrappers, bare heads, and slippers that cover neither heel nor instep.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: While wearing the Ihram, pilgrims enter sacred territory on the way to Mecca.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:14
  text: While in the sacred habit, pilgrims must not hunt or fowl, though fishing
    is allowed, and they avoid killing even lice or fleas.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:15
  text: Some harmful animals, including kites, ravens, scorpions, mice, and dogs,
    are permitted to be killed during pilgrimage.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: pilgrims
  description: Mohammedans undertaking the pilgrimage to the Meccan temple, drinking
    Zemzem water, wearing Ihram, and observing ritual restrictions.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: An ancestral figure associated with a stone that bears his footsteps
    and with traditions about building the Caaba.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Ismael
  description: The son of Hagar, relieved by the spring in the desert according to
    the passage's account of Zemzem.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Hagar
  description: The mother of Ismael, described as wandering with him in the desert
    when the spring appeared.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: wife of Ismael
  description: A woman in one tradition who washed Abraham's head while he stood on
    the stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Karmatians
  description: A group said to have taken the stone, prompting temple officers to
    hide the stone at Abraham's place.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: officers of the temple
  description: Temple officials who hid the stone at Abraham's place when the Karmatians
    took the other stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Abd'allah al Hfedh
  description: A man noted for great memory who claimed to have acquired that faculty
    by drinking Zemzem water.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: ritual pilgrim
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Pilgrims travel to the temple, drink holy water, wear Ihram, and observe
    restrictions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: recipient of holy water
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says pilgrims drink Zemzem water with particular devotion.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: ancestral builder figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Traditions connect Abraham with standing on the stone while building the
    Caaba.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: child relieved by spring
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: The spring is said to have gushed out for Ismael's relief in the desert.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: wandering mother
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: Hagar is described as wandering in the desert with Ismael.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: ritual washer in variant tradition
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: A tradition says she washed Abraham's head while he stood on the stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:7
  label: stone-taking group
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The Karmatians are said to have taken one stone, leading to the hiding of
    another.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:8
  label: sacred-object guardians
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: The officers of the temple hid the stone at Abraham's place.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:9
  label: claimant of water-given memory
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Abd'allah al Hfedh claimed his memory came from drinking Zemzem water.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: authenticating stone
  literal_form: stone said to swim on water
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Abraham's footprint stone
  literal_form: stone in Abraham's place showing footsteps and enclosed in an iron
    chest
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: self-moving scaffold stone
  literal_form: stone said to rise and fall by itself while Abraham built the Caaba
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: Zemzem well and water
  literal_form: well and holy water of Zemzem
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: Caaba and Meccan temple
  literal_form: temple at Mecca, Caaba, and surrounding sacred territory
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: Ihram
  literal_form: sacred habit of two woolen wrappers, bare head, and open slippers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: bottled holy water
  literal_form: Zemzem water sent in bottles as a rarity
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Stone returned and tested
  summary: A stone is returned after twenty-two years and is said to be shown genuine
    because it swims on water.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Abraham's stone at the temple
  summary: The passage presents traditions about a stone bearing Abraham's footsteps,
    serving as a self-moving scaffold, and being enclosed where pilgrims drink Zemzem
    water and pray.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:5
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Zemzem well and sacred water
  summary: Zemzem is described as a holy well near the Caaba, linked to Hagar and
    Ismael in the desert, drunk by pilgrims, exported in bottles, and claimed to grant
    memory.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Obligation and timing of pilgrimage
  summary: Able Muslims are said to be obliged to perform pilgrimage to the temple
    once in life, gathering near Mecca in appointed months.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Entering sacred state
  summary: Pilgrims put on the Ihram, enter sacred territory, and observe restrictions
    against hunting and killing most creatures during pilgrimage.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Sacred stone authenticated by miraculous property
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage says the stone was claimed genuine because it could swim on water.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage reports the claim rather than endorsing it, and the larger
    context of the stone is partly outside the supplied range.
- id: motif:2
  label: Ancestral footprint preserved in stone
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The stone in Abraham's place is said to show his footsteps.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage attributes the claim to temple tradition.
- id: motif:3
  label: Sacred object assisting temple construction
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: A tradition says Abraham stood on a stone that rose and fell by itself while
    he built the Caaba.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage presents this as one tradition and immediately notes another
    variant.
- id: motif:4
  label: Miraculous desert spring saving mother and child
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Zemzem is identified as the spring that gushed out for Ismael's relief while
    Hagar wandered with him in the desert.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage reports Muslim belief as described by the translator.
- id: motif:5
  label: Holy water drunk, transported, and revered
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Zemzem water is called holy, drunk by pilgrims with devotion, and sent in
    bottles as a rarity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No broader ritual context beyond this passage is inferred.
- id: motif:6
  label: Sacred water granting memory or wisdom
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: Abd'allah al Hfedh claimed his great memory came from drinking large draughts
    of Zemzem water.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The narrator expresses skepticism and compares the claim ironically to
    Helicon.
- id: motif:7
  label: Pilgrimage to sacred center
  taxonomy_refs:
  - world_center
  basis: The passage states that every able Mohammedan ought to go on pilgrimage to
    the Meccan temple at least once and describes gathering near Mecca and entry into
    sacred territory.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The taxonomy reference is interpretive; the passage itself emphasizes
    obligation and sacred territory rather than using the term world center.
- id: motif:8
  label: Initiatory sacred garment and temporary prohibitions
  taxonomy_refs:
  - initiation
  basis: Pilgrims commence the pilgrimage by putting on the Ihram and observing restrictions
    on hunting and killing while entering sacred territory.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage describes ritual commencement and restrictions, but does not
    explicitly call it initiation.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage identifies Zemzem with the desert spring associated with Hagar
    and Ismael, and its footnote points to Genesis xxi.19.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Hagar and Ismael desert-water tradition / Genesis xxi.19
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This is based on the passage's reported identification and citation;
    no broader textual comparison is supplied in the passage.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The passage compares the claim that Zemzem water grants memory to the classical
    idea of Helicon's water inspiring a poet.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Helicon as inspiring water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: low
  limitations: The comparison is made in a skeptical or ironic tone by the narrator,
    so it should not be treated as an asserted historical connection.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: 5733-5737
  quote_or_summary: A returned stone is said to have been mocked as false, but proved
    genuine by the peculiar quality of swimming on water.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: 5738-5748
  quote_or_summary: The stone in Abraham's place is said to show his footsteps; traditions
    connect it with building the Caaba or with Abraham having his head washed; it
    is enclosed in an iron chest, associated with pilgrims drinking Zemzem water and
    prayer, and was hidden by temple officers during the Karmatian seizure of the
    other stone.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: 5749-5761
  quote_or_summary: Zemzem is a well east of the Caaba, covered by a small building
    and cupola; it is believed to be the spring that appeared for Ismael and Hagar
    in the desert; its holy water is drunk by pilgrims, sent in bottles, and claimed
    by Abd'allah al Hfedh to have given him great memory, with a comparison to Helicon.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: 5762-5768
  quote_or_summary: Every Mohammedan with health and sufficient means is said to owe
    at least one pilgrimage to the temple; women are not excused; pilgrims gather
    near Mecca during specified months before Dhu'lhajja.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: 5769-5786
  quote_or_summary: Pilgrims begin by putting on the Ihram, described as two woolen
    wrappers with bare head and open slippers, then enter sacred territory; while
    in this state they avoid hunting and killing, with some exceptions for harmful
    animals.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The concrete ritual descriptions and objects are clear. Motif labels are
    cautious and limited to the supplied passage. Comparison claims are included only
    where the passage itself makes or cites the comparison.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  All entries are based only on the supplied passage and metadata. Taxonomy references are limited to the provided available taxonomy list.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l5733-l5786
  passage_sha256=b7a1a3e0ef74a15a999c553bd671ea7968008ed065bfe63c1e250816ca98c00e