Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5675-l5730

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5675-l5730

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5675-l5730
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 5675-5730
  start: '5675'
  end: '5730'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: '"the right hand of GOD on earth"'
  summary: 'The passage describes traditions about the Caaba''s primordial form, destruction
    and rebuilding after the Deluge, later repairs and attempted alterations, a prophecy
    of its final demolition, and traditions concerning the black stone: its location,
    veneration, paradisiacal origin, color change, and removal by the Karmatians.
    A note also reports a parallel Christian opinion about a heavenly Jerusalem positioned
    above the earthly Jerusalem.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: quoted
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A sacred house in the same form was attributed to Seth after Adam's death;
    it was said to have been destroyed by the Deluge and later rebuilt by Abraham
    and Ismael at God's command, on the former site and model, with revelation directing
    them.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The edifice underwent several later reparations and rebuildings, including
    work by the Koreish, Abd'allah Ebn Zobeir, and al Hejj Ebn Ysof.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: A later ruler was reportedly dissuaded from changing the Caaba back to an
    earlier form, because repeated remodeling by princes might lessen reverence for
    the holy place.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: A tradition from Mohammed is reported to prophesy that Ethiopians will demolish
    the Caaba in the last times and that it will never be rebuilt afterward.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: The black stone is described as set in silver and fixed in the south-east
    corner of the Caaba, about seven spans from the ground.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Pilgrims kiss the black stone with devotion, and some call it the right hand
    of God on earth.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage reports a fable that the black stone came from paradise, descended
    with Adam, was preserved through or after the Deluge, and was later brought by
    Gabriel to Abraham while he was building the Caaba.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The stone is said to have been originally whiter than milk and later to have
    become black, with alternative explanations including contact with a menstruous
    woman, the sins of mankind, or many touches and kisses.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: The Karmatians took away the black stone during profanations of the temple
    of Mecca and refused to restore it despite an offer of five thousand pieces of
    gold from Mecca.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:10
  text: A note states that a primitive Christian opinion about a heavenly Jerusalem
    above the earthly Jerusalem was considered parallel to the surrounding discussion,
    and it cites an apocryphal revelation of St. Peter mentioning seven heavens and
    an upper Jerusalem above waters.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Adam
  description: Primordial patriarch associated with prayer orientation, circumambulation,
    and the black stone's descent to earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Seth
  description: Son of Adam who is said to have built a house in the same form of stones
    and clay after Adam's death.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Abraham
  description: Builder or rebuilder of the Caaba after the Deluge, aided by divine
    command and later by Gabriel's return of the black stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Ismael
  description: Co-builder with Abraham in rebuilding the Caaba at God's command.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: God
  description: Commands the rebuilding of the Caaba and is associated with the black
    stone through the phrase calling it God's right hand on earth.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: Angel said to have brought the black stone back to Abraham while Abraham
    was building the Caaba.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: Source of a reported tradition prophesying the Caaba's final demolition
    by Ethiopians.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Ethiopians
  description: People prophesied to demolish the Caaba in the last times.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Pilgrims / Mohammedans
  description: Devotees who highly respect and kiss the black stone.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Karmatians
  description: Sect described as taking away the black stone during profanations of
    the temple of Mecca and refusing to restore it.
  role_refs:
  - role:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Later builders and rulers
  description: The Koreish, Abd'allah Ebn Zobeir, al Hejj Ebn Ysof, and later caliphs
    are mentioned in connection with rebuilding, repairing, or considering alterations
    to the Caaba.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  - role:10
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: primordial patriarch
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: Adam is associated with prayer orientation, circumambulation, and the stone's
    descent to earth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: role:2
  label: builder or rebuilder of sacred house
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:11
  basis: These figures or groups are described as building, rebuilding, repairing,
    or altering the Caaba or its predecessor house.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: recipient of restored sacred stone
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Gabriel is said to have brought the black stone back to Abraham during the
    building of the Caaba.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:4
  label: divine commander and referent of sacred object
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: God commands the rebuilding, and the black stone is called by some the right
    hand of God on earth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: role:5
  label: angelic mediator
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: Gabriel brings the black stone back to Abraham.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: prophetic transmitter
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: A tradition from Mohammed is said to prophesy the final demolition of the
    Caaba.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: eschatological destroyers
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: The Ethiopians are prophesied to demolish the Caaba in the last times.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:8
  label: devotional venerators
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Pilgrims kiss the black stone with great devotion, and many touches and kisses
    are mentioned among explanations for its blackening.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: role:9
  label: profaners and removers of sacred object
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: The Karmatians are described as profaning the temple of Mecca and taking
    away the black stone.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:10
  label: guardians or alterers of architectural form
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Later rulers and builders repaired, rebuilt, or considered changing the Caaba's
    form; one was dissuaded to preserve reverence.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Caaba / temple of Mecca
  literal_form: Sacred building at Mecca rebuilt on an old foundation and treated
    as a holy place.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  - fig:10
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:6
- id: sym:2
  label: black stone
  literal_form: Stone set in silver in the south-east corner of the Caaba, kissed
    by pilgrims and linked to paradise, Adam, the Deluge, Gabriel, and Abraham.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: sym:3
  label: old foundation and model
  literal_form: The former site and same model on which Abraham and Ismael rebuild,
    and to which later rulers considered restoring the Caaba.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: Deluge
  literal_form: Flood event that destroys the earlier house and through or after which
    the black stone is preserved.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
- id: sym:5
  label: milk-white original stone
  literal_form: The black stone's alleged original whiteness is compared to milk.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - milk
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: blackened surface with white interior
  literal_form: The stone's surface is black while its inside is said to remain white.
  associated_figures:
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: upper Jerusalem above waters
  literal_form: A cited Christian image of an upper Jerusalem above waters and directly
    over the lower Jerusalem.
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Primordial and post-diluvian building of the sacred house
  summary: After Adam, Seth builds a house in the same form; the Deluge destroys it;
    Abraham and Ismael rebuild it at God's command on the former site and model by
    revelation.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Historical repairs and preservation of reverence
  summary: Later groups and rulers repair or rebuild the Caaba. A proposed restoration
    of an earlier form is rejected to prevent the holy place from becoming subject
    to princely whim.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: scene:3
  label: Prophecy of final demolition
  summary: A tradition from Mohammed predicts that Ethiopians will demolish the Caaba
    in the last times and that it will not be rebuilt.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Veneration and origin of the black stone
  summary: The black stone is located in the Caaba, kissed by pilgrims, called by
    some God's right hand on earth, and explained as a stone from paradise that came
    with Adam, survived the Deluge, and was brought by Gabriel to Abraham.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Removal of the black stone by the Karmatians
  summary: The Karmatians take away the black stone during profanations of the temple
    of Mecca and refuse to return it despite a large gold offer from Mecca.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: scene:6
  label: Editorial comparison with heavenly Jerusalem
  summary: A note reports a parallel Christian opinion about an upper Jerusalem above
    waters and directly above the lower Jerusalem, in a cosmology including seven
    heavens.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Sacred center oriented by prayer and circumambulation
  taxonomy_refs:
  - world_center
  basis: The passage says Adam was directed to turn toward the place in prayer and
    compass it devotionally, and later describes the Caaba as a holy place whose reverence
    is protected.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The line begins mid-sentence, and the passage is an explanatory note rather
    than a narrative episode.
- id: motif:2
  label: Primordial sacred architecture rebuilt on revealed model
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Seth's house, the Deluge-destroyed structure, and Abraham and Ismael's rebuilding
    on the former site and model are tied to divine command and revelation.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names revealed sacred architecture.
- id: motif:3
  label: Flood destruction followed by sacred restoration
  taxonomy_refs:
  - flood_and_renewal
  basis: The earlier house is destroyed by the Deluge, and Abraham and Ismael rebuild
    the sacred structure afterward; the black stone is also said to be preserved through
    or after the Deluge.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:5
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The Deluge is a background event here, not a full flood narrative.
- id: motif:4
  label: Sacred stone from paradise mediated by an angel
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The black stone is said to be a precious stone of paradise, to have descended
    with Adam, and to have been brought by Gabriel to Abraham.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage labels this account a fable, so the extraction records the
    tradition without assessing its truth.
- id: motif:5
  label: Sacred object darkened by human contact or sin
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The stone's blackening is explained by contact with a menstruous woman, by
    human sins, or by repeated touches and kisses, while the interior remains white.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: Multiple alternative explanations are given; the passage does not choose
    one definitively.
- id: motif:6
  label: Final unrepaired destruction of a sanctuary
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: A tradition from Mohammed predicts the Ethiopians will demolish the Caaba
    in the last times and that it will not be rebuilt forever.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not explicitly describe the destruction as divine judgment.
- id: motif:7
  label: Theft or removal of a sacred object
  taxonomy_refs:
  - sacred_theft
  basis: The Karmatians take away the black stone from the temple of Mecca and refuse
    to return it despite payment offered.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames the act as profanation but gives no full narrative
    of the removal's circumstances.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage explicitly notes a parallel between a Christian image of an upper
    Jerusalem directly above the lower Jerusalem and the surrounding Islamic cosmological
    discussion, suggesting a shared pattern of a heavenly counterpart positioned over
    an earthly sacred place.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Apocryphal Revelation of St. Peter / heavenly Jerusalem above terrestrial
    Jerusalem
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The Islamic comparand is only partly visible in this excerpt, and the
    claim is mediated through Sale's note rather than through a primary Islamic passage
    quoted in full.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5675-5681
  quote_or_summary: Adam is directed to turn toward and compass the place; Seth builds
    a house in the same form after Adam's death; the Deluge destroys it; Abraham and
    Ismael rebuild it at God's command on the former site and model by revelation.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5682-5695
  quote_or_summary: The Caaba undergoes later reparations and rebuildings by the Koreish,
    Abd'allah Ebn Zobeir, and al Hejj Ebn Ysof; a later caliph considers restoring
    an earlier form but is dissuaded so the holy place will not become a plaything
    of princes or lose reverence.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5695-5699
  quote_or_summary: A tradition from Mohammed predicts that in the last times the
    Ethiopians will utterly demolish the Caaba and it will never be rebuilt.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: quote
  locator: lines 5700-5707
  quote_or_summary: The black stone is set in silver in the south-east corner of the
    Caaba; pilgrims kiss it with devotion, and it is called by some "the right hand
    of GOD on earth."
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short quotation used.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5707-5716
  quote_or_summary: The stone is said to be a precious stone of paradise that fell
    with Adam, was preserved through or after the Deluge, and was brought by Gabriel
    to Abraham; it was originally whiter than milk but became black through alternative
    causes including a menstruous woman's touch, human sins, or repeated touches and
    kisses, while its inside remains white.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5716-5723
  quote_or_summary: The Karmatians, during profanations at the temple of Mecca, took
    away the black stone and refused to restore it, although Mecca offered five thousand
    pieces of gold.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5724-5730
  quote_or_summary: A note says the primitive Christian church held a parallel opinion
    about the celestial Jerusalem relative to the terrestrial; a cited apocryphal
    revelation of St. Peter describes seven heavens and an upper Jerusalem above waters,
    directly over the lower Jerusalem.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The extraction uses only the supplied passage. Motif taxonomy assignments
    are cautious where the passage is a historical-explanatory note rather than a
    self-contained mythic narrative.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  The passage is from Sale's explanatory material around the Koran, not from a Quranic verse translation itself; claims are therefore recorded as passage-level traditions and editorial notes.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l5675-l5730
  passage_sha256=e770b23704e7d06f520443931c452c2955358f340746aa63a6aecfc935535a10