Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5283-l5332

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5283-l5332

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l5283-l5332
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 5283-5332
  start: '5283'
  end: '5332'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage describes prescribed Muslim prayer five times daily, its reported
    divine command during Mohammed's night journey to heaven, the public call to prayer,
    prayer postures and beads, orientation toward Mecca, the importance of inward
    devotion, removal of costly apparel before prayer, and exclusion of women from
    public prayer in this account.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Mohammed is said to have obliged his followers to pray five times in each
    twenty-four-hour period at stated times from before sunrise through the night.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The passage says Mohammed claimed to have received the divine command from
    the throne of God during his night journey to heaven.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: Public notice for prayer is given by Muedhdhins or criers from mosque steeples,
    and bells are not used.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: A conscientious Moslem prepares for prayer in a clean mosque or other clean
    place, following a prescribed form with phrases, ejaculations, and postures.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:5
  text: The more scrupulous count prayer phrases or ejaculations with a string of
    beads.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:6
  text: Prayers are to be performed facing the temple of Mecca, with the direction
    indicated by the mihrab niche, steeple-door orientation, or tables for finding
    the qibla.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:7
  text: The passage reports that Moslem doctors regard inward disposition of the heart
    as the life and spirit of prayer, above external rites performed without devotion.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: obs:8
  text: The passage says Mohammedans set aside costly clothing and ornaments when
    approaching the divine presence, while remaining decently clothed.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: obs:9
  text: The passage says women are not admitted to pray with men in public.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: Founder or institutor in the passage who obliges followers to pray
    and is said to claim a command received during a night journey to heaven.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: GOD
  description: The divine being whose throne is named as the source of the reported
    command and whose presence is approached in prayer.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:7
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Mohammed's followers / Moslems
  description: People obliged to pray at stated times and instructed in prayer practice,
    orientation, clothing, and inward disposition.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Muedhdhins or Criers
  description: Persons who give public notice of prayer times from mosque steeples.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Moslem doctors
  description: Authorities cited as saying that inward disposition of the heart is
    the life and spirit of prayer.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Women
  description: The passage says women are not admitted to pray with men in public.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Institutor of stated prayer times
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says Mohammed obliged his followers to pray five times each day.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:2
  label: Heaven-journey recipient of command
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: The passage says he claimed divine command from God's throne during a night
    journey to heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: Source of divine command
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The command is reported as coming from the throne of God.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: Divine addressee of prayer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: Prayer is directed to God, and costly apparel is set aside when approaching
    the divine presence.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
- id: role:5
  label: Ritual practitioners
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Moslems perform prayer at stated times with prescribed forms, orientation,
    and devotional expectations.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
- id: role:6
  label: Callers to prayer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  basis: They publicly announce prayer times from mosque steeples.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:7
  label: Interpreters of prayer's inward meaning
  assigned_to:
  - fig:5
  basis: They are cited regarding the inward disposition of the heart as prayer's
    life and spirit.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:8
  label: Excluded public co-practitioners
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The passage says women are not admitted to pray with men in public.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Five daily prayer times
  literal_form: Five stated times within each twenty-four-hour period
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: Throne of God
  literal_form: The throne of God in heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: Night journey to heaven
  literal_form: Mohammed's night journey to heaven
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:4
  label: Call from mosque steeples
  literal_form: Muedhdhins or Criers giving notice from steeples, without bells
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:5
  label: String of beads
  literal_form: A string of beads used to count phrases or ejaculations
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: Temple of Mecca and qibla
  literal_form: The temple of Mecca and the direction toward which prayer is made
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: Mihrab niche
  literal_form: A niche inside mosques pointing out the quarter of Mecca
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:8
  label: Heart disposition
  literal_form: The inward disposition of the heart described as prayer's life and
    spirit
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: sym:9
  label: Plain dress before divine presence
  literal_form: Laying aside costly habits and pompous ornaments before prayer
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Institution of five daily prayers
  summary: Mohammed obliges followers to pray five times daily and is said to claim
    that the command came from God's throne during his night journey to heaven.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Public call and performance of prayer
  summary: At stated times, Muedhdhins call from mosque steeples, and Moslems pray
    in clean places using prescribed phrases, postures, and sometimes beads.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: scene:3
  label: Orientation toward Mecca
  summary: Those praying turn their faces toward the temple of Mecca, with the direction
    indicated by mosque architecture or calculated tables.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:4
  label: Interior devotion and humble approach
  summary: Moslem doctors emphasize inward disposition of the heart, and the passage
    describes setting aside costly clothing before approaching the divine presence.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:8
  - sym:9
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  - ev:7
- id: scene:5
  label: Public prayer restrictions by gender
  summary: The passage states that women are not admitted to pray with men in public.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:8
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Ascent to heaven to receive divine command
  taxonomy_refs:
  - ascent
  basis: The passage says Mohammed claimed to receive the prayer command from God's
    throne during his night journey to heaven.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage reports this through Sale's commentary and polemical wording
    rather than narrating the journey in detail.
- id: motif:2
  label: Ritual prayer ordered by sacred time
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Prayer is structured into five stated times across the day and night.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names calendrical or daily ritual
    time.
- id: motif:3
  label: Sacred orientation toward a holy center
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: Prayer is performed facing the temple of Mecca, with architectural and tabular
    aids to identify the qibla.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage does not explicitly call Mecca a world center, so no world_center
    taxonomy reference is assigned.
- id: motif:4
  label: Inner devotion over external rite
  taxonomy_refs:
  - wisdom
  basis: The passage cites Moslem doctors saying that the heart's inward disposition
    is the life and spirit of prayer, while external observance without devotion has
    little or no avail.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The wisdom taxonomy reference is broad; the passage is doctrinal commentary
    rather than a narrative wisdom tale.
- id: motif:5
  label: Humility before divine presence
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The passage says costly apparel and ornaments are laid aside when approaching
    God, lest the worshipper seem proud or arrogant.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  confidence: medium
  cautions: This is a ritual norm in commentary, not a developed mythic episode.
comparison_claims: []
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5283-5288
  quote_or_summary: 'Mohammed obliges followers to pray five times in twenty-four
    hours: before sunrise, after noon, before sunset, after sunset, and before the
    first watch of the night.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5288-5291
  quote_or_summary: The institution is attributed to a claimed divine command from
    the throne of God during Mohammed's night journey to heaven.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5291-5294
  quote_or_summary: Public notice of prayer times is given by Muedhdhins or Criers
    from mosque steeples, and bells are not used.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5294-5302
  quote_or_summary: A conscientious Moslem prays in a mosque or other clean place,
    following prescribed phrases, ejaculations, postures, and sometimes counting with
    beads; abridgment is allowed in special cases such as travel or battle preparation.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5303-5310
  quote_or_summary: Prayer requires turning the face toward the temple of Mecca; the
    direction is indicated by a mihrab niche, steeple-door placement, or tables for
    finding the qibla.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5311-5318
  quote_or_summary: Moslem doctors say inward disposition of the heart is the life
    and spirit of prayer, and external rites without attention, reverence, devotion,
    and hope have little or no avail.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5319-5325
  quote_or_summary: The passage says Mohammedans lay aside sumptuous apparel, costly
    habits, and pompous ornaments before approaching the divine presence, to avoid
    seeming proud or arrogant.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:8
  type: summary
  locator: lines 5325-5332
  quote_or_summary: The passage states that women are not admitted to pray with men
    in public.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: high
  notes: Literal ritual details are explicit. Motif classification is cautious because
    the passage is commentary on religious practice, with only the night journey providing
    a clear mythic motif connection.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only supplied passage and metadata. Sale's polemical phrasing is summarized neutrally where possible.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l5283-l5332
  passage_sha256=669a3fbfac8954f68374fe8550484d7a848f8b0bce61b9f912641501ba253030