Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4477-l4528

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4477-l4528

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4477-l4528
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 4477-4528
  start: '4477'
  end: '4528'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage describes Islamic eschatological traditions in Sale''s translation/commentary:
    body and soul attempt to shift blame at judgment; God answers with a parable of
    a blind man and a lame man jointly stealing fruit; witnesses testify against sinners;
    the final trial is swift; books of deeds are given to the righteous in the right
    hand and to the ungodly in the left; and deeds are weighed in a vast balance held
    by Gabriel.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A body-like speaker argues that it was inert until the soul entered it and
    enabled speech, sight, and movement.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: God is said to answer the body-and-soul dispute with a parable about a blind
    man and a lame man in a king's garden.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: In the parable, the lame man sees fruit and persuades the blind man to carry
    him so that they can gather and divide the fruit.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:4
  text: The king places the lame man on the blind man and punishes both, applying
    this as an analogy for God's treatment of body and soul.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Denial of evil actions is said to be useless because men, angels, bodily members,
    and the earth will testify against the person.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Although the resuscitated are described as waiting a long time before trial,
    the trial itself is said to be very brief.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: Each person receives a book containing all the actions of life.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:8
  text: The righteous receive their books in the right hand, while the ungodly receive
    them unwillingly in the left hand, with bodily constraints described.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:9
  text: A vast balance is described for weighing all things, held by Gabriel, with
    one scale over paradise and the other over hell.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: GOD
  description: The divine judge who answers the dispute, judges creatures, and deals
    with body and soul.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Body
  description: The body or body-like speaker that claims it was inert before the soul
    entered it.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Soul
  description: The soul is compared to a ray of light entering the body and enabling
    bodily functions.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Blind man
  description: A garden keeper unable to see the fruit, who carries the lame man in
    the parable.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Lame man
  description: A garden keeper unable to approach the trees, who sees the fruit and
    gathers it while carried by the blind man.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: King or lord of the garden
  description: The owner of the garden who questions the keepers, orders the lame
    man set on the blind man, and punishes both.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Resuscitated persons
  description: Those who attend before their trial after being resuscitated.
  role_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: Righteous
  description: Persons who receive and read their books with pleasure and satisfaction
    in the right hand.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: Ungodly
  description: Persons forced to take their books in the left hand, with the left
    bound behind the back and the right hand tied to the neck.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: The angel said to hold the vast balance of judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: Witnesses against sinners
  description: Men, angels, bodily members, and the earth itself are described as
    ready to bear witness.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: Divine judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God answers the dispute, judges all creatures, and is described as swift
    in taking account.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: Jointly accountable accused
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  basis: The passage states that God will deal with body and soul as the king dealt
    with the blind and lame men.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: role:3
  label: Parable accomplices
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  basis: The blind man and lame man cooperate to gather and divide fruit from the
    garden.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:4
  label: Parable owner and judge
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: The king or lord of the garden questions the keepers and punishes both.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: Recipients of deed books
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  basis: The righteous and ungodly receive books recording their actions in different
    hands and conditions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: role:6
  label: Holder of the balance
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Gabriel is said to hold the vast balance used for weighing all things.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
- id: role:7
  label: Judgment witnesses
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Men, angels, bodily members, and earth testify against the person who denies
    evil actions.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: Soul as ray of light
  literal_form: Ray of light entering the body
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:2
  label: King's garden with fruit
  literal_form: Pleasant garden with ripe fruits
  associated_figures:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: Testifying earth and members
  literal_form: Men, angels, bodily members, and the earth bearing witness
  associated_figures:
  - fig:11
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: sym:4
  label: Milk-time measure
  literal_form: Time needed to milk an ewe or interval between two milkings of a she-camel
  associated_figures: []
  taxonomy_refs:
  - milk
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: Book of actions
  literal_form: Book containing all actions of a person's life
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:6
  label: Right and left hand reception
  literal_form: Righteous receive the book in the right hand; ungodly receive it in
    the left hand behind the back
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: sym:7
  label: Cosmic balance
  literal_form: Vast balance with one scale over paradise and the other over hell
  associated_figures:
  - fig:10
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Body and soul dispute answered by parable
  summary: The body attempts to shift blame to the soul; God responds with the blind-and-lame
    garden parable to show joint accountability.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:6
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
- id: scene:2
  label: Witnesses against denial
  summary: Attempts to deny evil deeds fail because witnesses, including bodily members
    and the earth, testify against the person.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:11
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Swift final trial
  summary: The resuscitated wait before trial, but the examination itself is described
    as extremely brief, using milking and eye-twinkling comparisons.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:4
  label: Delivery of books of deeds
  summary: Each person receives a book of life-actions; the righteous receive it in
    the right hand and the ungodly in the left under constraint.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: scene:5
  label: Weighing in the balance
  summary: A vast balance held by Gabriel weighs all things, with scales extending
    over paradise and hell.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Divine judgment and exact accounting
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage repeatedly describes a final examination, testimony against evil
    actions, books of deeds, and a weighing balance.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  - ev:5
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is from a translated/commentarial presentation rather than
    a single Quranic verse.
- id: motif:2
  label: Resuscitated awaiting final trial
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: The passage refers to the resuscitated attending before their trial.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The passage focuses more on judgment procedures than on the act of resurrection
    itself.
- id: motif:3
  label: Body and soul jointly liable
  taxonomy_refs: []
  basis: The body and soul dispute responsibility, and the blind-and-lame parable
    is used to show that both are punished together.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: No supplied taxonomy family directly names this motif.
- id: motif:4
  label: Book of deeds assigned by hand
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Each person receives a book of life-actions; hand of reception marks righteous
    and ungodly outcomes.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage gives the ritualized distribution but not the full subsequent
    fate in this excerpt.
- id: motif:5
  label: Weighing deeds in a cosmic balance
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: A vast balance held by Gabriel weighs all things, with scales over paradise
    and hell.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage notes both literal and allegorical interpretations.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage itself states that the body-and-soul dispute and the blind-and-lame
    parable were borrowed by Muslims from Jewish sources.
  claim_level: historical_contact
  target: Jewish tradition, with cited references to Gemara Sanhedrin and R. Joseph
    Albo
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:7
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: This is an assertion in Sale's commentary/notes; the excerpt does not
    provide the Jewish source text for direct comparison.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4477-4484
  quote_or_summary: A speaker likened to a stock of wood says the soul entered like
    a ray of light and enabled speech, sight, and walking; God answers with a parable.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4484-4498
  quote_or_summary: In the parable, a blind man and lame man guard a king's garden;
    the lame man rides on the blind man to gather fruit; the king punishes both, and
    God will similarly deal with body and soul.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4498-4501
  quote_or_summary: Denial of evil actions will fail because men, angels, the person's
    members, and the earth will testify against him.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4502-4511
  quote_or_summary: The resuscitated wait before trial, but the trial is said to last
    only as long as milking an ewe, between two milkings of a she-camel, half a day,
    or less than an eye-twinkling.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4512-4518
  quote_or_summary: Each person receives a book of all life-actions; the righteous
    receive it in the right hand, while the ungodly receive it unwillingly in the
    left, bound behind the back, with the right hand tied to the neck.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4519-4528
  quote_or_summary: A balance for the day of trial is held by Gabriel; its scales
    hang over paradise and hell and are large enough for heaven and earth; literal
    and allegorical interpretations are noted.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:7
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4483-4485 and note 5
  quote_or_summary: The passage says the preceding dispute and parable were borrowed
    by Muslims from Jews, with note references including Gemara Sanhedrin and R. Joseph
    Albo.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: high
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Extraction is based only on the supplied passage. Comparison confidence is
    limited because the excerpt reports a source relationship but does not quote the
    compared Jewish texts.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No taxonomy IDs were added beyond the supplied available motif families and symbols.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l4477-l4528
  passage_sha256=6c9a89a5a70cb0576b168934bbafedd3f6002825fac41c70020734549f08bc7e