batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4427-l4474
---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4427-l4474
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 4427-4474
start: '4427'
end: '4474'
translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
human review required.
canonical_text:
quote: ''
summary: 'The passage describes eschatological events after resurrection: creatures
suffer intense sweat and heat while awaiting judgment; the good are shaded by
God''s throne and the wicked suffer anguish. God appears in clouds with angels
to judge, Muhammad intercedes after other prophets decline, books of deeds are
produced, prophets testify, each person is examined regarding life, wealth, body,
and knowledge, some followers enter paradise without examination, and persons
attempt to excuse themselves, including a dispute between soul and body over guilt.'
language: English
quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
text: A post-resurrection crowd is described as immersed in sweat to differing heights
according to their demerits.
category: attribute
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:2
text: The sun is described as approaching unusually near, causing intense heat and
boiling skulls.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:3
text: The good are protected by the shade of God's throne.
category: relationship
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:4
text: The wicked suffer heat, hunger, thirst, and stifling air, and cry out for
deliverance even if sent into hell fire.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: obs:5
text: The passage states that Muslims borrowed the motif of extraordinary sun heat
on the last day from Jews, who are said to teach that the sun will be drawn from
its sheath to punish the wicked.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
- id: obs:6
text: After a limited waiting time, God appears to judge those who have risen.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:7
text: Muhammad undertakes the office of intercessor after Adam, Noah, Abraham, and
Jesus decline and seek deliverance for their own souls.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:8
text: God comes in clouds surrounded by angels.
category: setting
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: obs:9
text: Books recording every person's actions, kept by guardian angels, are produced.
category: object
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:10
text: Prophets are commanded to testify against those to whom they were sent.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:11
text: Each person is examined about words and actions in life, with the examination
framed as public confession and acknowledgment of God's justice.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: obs:12
text: The enumerated topics of account include time, wealth, bodily use, and knowledge
or learning.
category: sequence
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:13
text: A report is mentioned that seventy thousand followers of Muhammad enter paradise
without previous examination.
category: other
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
- id: obs:14
text: Persons attempt to defend themselves by blaming others for evil deeds.
category: action
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: obs:15
text: A dispute arises between soul and body over which should bear guilt, with
the soul blaming the body in the supplied portion.
category: speech
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
name_or_label: Those who have risen / all sorts of creatures
description: The assembled resurrected beings awaiting judgment, pressed together
and suffering in varying degrees.
role_refs:
- role:1
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:3
- id: fig:2
name_or_label: The good
description: Those protected from the heat by the shade of God's throne.
role_refs:
- role:2
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: fig:3
name_or_label: The wicked
description: Those tormented by heat, hunger, thirst, and stifling air, and associated
with punishment on the last day.
role_refs:
- role:3
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: fig:4
name_or_label: God
description: The judge who appears, comes in clouds surrounded by angels, produces
the books, commands prophetic testimony, and whose justice is acknowledged.
role_refs:
- role:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: fig:5
name_or_label: Mohammed
description: The figure who undertakes the office of intercessor and is said to
enumerate the topics of examination.
role_refs:
- role:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:5
- id: fig:6
name_or_label: Adam, Noah, Abraham, and Jesus
description: Figures who decline the office of intercessor and ask deliverance only
for their own souls.
role_refs:
- role:6
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:7
name_or_label: Angels
description: Beings surrounding God when he comes in the clouds.
role_refs:
- role:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: fig:8
name_or_label: Guardian angels
description: Beings who record every person's actions in books.
role_refs:
- role:8
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:9
name_or_label: Prophets
description: Those commanded to bear witness against the people to whom they were
sent.
role_refs:
- role:9
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: fig:10
name_or_label: Soul
description: In the dispute over guilt, the soul says it received the body from
God and asks that the body be punished while the soul be delivered.
role_refs:
- role:10
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: fig:11
name_or_label: Body
description: The body is named as the counterpart in the dispute with the soul over
guilt.
role_refs:
- role:11
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
roles:
- id: role:1
label: resurrected assembly awaiting judgment
assigned_to:
- fig:1
basis: The passage describes those who have risen waiting before judgment.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:2
label: protected righteous group
assigned_to:
- fig:2
basis: The good are protected by the shade of God's throne.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:3
label: tormented wicked group
assigned_to:
- fig:3
basis: The wicked are described as suffering heat, hunger, thirst, and stifling
air.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: role:4
label: divine judge
assigned_to:
- fig:4
basis: God appears to judge, produces books of actions, and commands testimony.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- id: role:5
label: intercessor
assigned_to:
- fig:5
basis: Muhammad undertakes the office of intercessor.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:6
label: declining intercessors
assigned_to:
- fig:6
basis: Adam, Noah, Abraham, and Jesus decline intercession and seek deliverance
for themselves.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:7
label: divine entourage
assigned_to:
- fig:7
basis: God comes in the clouds surrounded by angels.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: role:8
label: recording agents
assigned_to:
- fig:8
basis: Guardian angels are said to record every person's actions in books.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:9
label: witnesses against their communities
assigned_to:
- fig:9
basis: Prophets are commanded to bear witness against those to whom they were sent.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: role:10
label: self-defending soul
assigned_to:
- fig:10
basis: The soul speaks in defense and asks to be delivered while the body is punished.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
- id: role:11
label: accused bodily counterpart
assigned_to:
- fig:11
basis: The body is the party blamed by the soul in the dispute over guilt.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
symbols:
- id: sym:1
label: differentiated sweat
literal_form: Sweat immersing people to the ankles, knees, middle, mouth, or ears
according to demerits.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:2
label: near sun heat
literal_form: The sun brought very near, producing extreme heat and boiling skulls.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
- id: sym:3
label: shade of God's throne
literal_form: Shade from God's throne protecting the good.
associated_figures:
- fig:2
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:4
label: hell fire
literal_form: Hell fire named in the wicked people's cry for relief.
associated_figures:
- fig:3
taxonomy_refs:
- fire
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: sym:5
label: clouds and surrounding angels
literal_form: God coming in clouds surrounded by angels.
associated_figures:
- fig:4
- fig:7
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: sym:6
label: books of recorded actions
literal_form: Books in which every person's actions are recorded by guardian angels.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:8
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- id: sym:7
label: public account of life
literal_form: Examination of time, wealth, body, and knowledge.
associated_figures:
- fig:1
- fig:4
taxonomy_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:5
scenes:
- id: scene:1
label: Waiting in heat before judgment
summary: The resurrected assembly suffers oppressive sweat and near-sun heat; the
good are shaded by God's throne while the wicked cry out in anguish.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:2
- fig:3
- fig:4
symbol_refs:
- sym:1
- sym:2
- sym:3
- sym:4
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- id: scene:2
label: Divine appearance and intercession
summary: After a fixed waiting period, God appears to judge; Muhammad becomes intercessor
after Adam, Noah, Abraham, and Jesus decline.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:5
- fig:6
- fig:7
symbol_refs:
- sym:5
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- id: scene:3
label: Books, witnesses, and examination
summary: Books of actions are produced, prophets bear witness, and each person is
examined to make public confession and acknowledge divine justice.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:4
- fig:8
- fig:9
symbol_refs:
- sym:6
- sym:7
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
- id: scene:4
label: Excuses and soul-body dispute
summary: Persons attempt to excuse their evil deeds by blaming others, and the soul
and body dispute which should bear guilt.
figure_refs:
- fig:1
- fig:10
- fig:11
symbol_refs: []
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
label: Divine judgment after resurrection
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
- resurrection
basis: Those who have risen await God, who appears as judge; books of deeds, witnesses,
and examination of lives determine accountability.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: The passage is explanatory prose in Sale's edition rather than a single
Qur'anic verse.
- id: motif:2
label: Books of deeds and public accounting
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Books record each person's actions, prophets testify, and each person answers
for time, wealth, body, and knowledge.
evidence_refs:
- ev:4
- ev:5
confidence: high
cautions: No specific taxonomy reference for 'book of deeds' is supplied, so it
is grouped under divine judgment.
- id: motif:3
label: Intercessor at final judgment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: Muhammad undertakes intercession after Adam, Noah, Abraham, and Jesus decline.
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
confidence: medium
cautions: The provided taxonomy has no separate intercession motif; classification
is by judgment context.
- id: motif:4
label: Punitive cosmic heat before judgment
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
basis: The sun approaches near the resurrected crowd, causing extreme heat and graded
suffering, especially for the wicked.
evidence_refs:
- ev:1
- ev:2
confidence: medium
cautions: The passage explicitly presents this as traditional explanatory material
and includes a polemical comparison by the translator.
- id: motif:5
label: Soul and body dispute moral responsibility
taxonomy_refs:
- divine_judgment
- duality
basis: The passage describes a dispute between the soul and body over which should
be blamed for evil deeds.
evidence_refs:
- ev:6
confidence: medium
cautions: The supplied passage cuts off before the body's full response.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
claim: The passage itself states that the Muslim tradition of extraordinary last-day
solar heat was borrowed from a Jewish teaching in which the sun is drawn from
its sheath to punish the wicked.
claim_level: historical_contact
target: Jewish last-day punishment by unsheathed sun heat
evidence_refs:
- ev:2
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: This is a claim made by the translator/commentator in the supplied
passage; no independent evidence is provided here to verify borrowing or direction
of influence.
- id: claim:2
claim: The Islamic final-judgment scene in this passage shares a judgment pattern
with traditions involving resurrection, divine appearance, records of deeds, witnesses,
and individual accounting.
claim_level: same_function
target: final judgment motif family
evidence_refs:
- ev:3
- ev:4
- ev:5
counter_evidence_refs: []
confidence: medium
limitations: The claim is limited to functional similarity within the supplied passage
and does not establish historical dependence beyond the specific sun-heat comparison
stated in the text.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
type: summary
locator: lines 4427-4439
quote_or_summary: The resurrected crowd is immersed in sweat to different levels;
the sun approaches near and causes extreme heat; the good are shaded by God's
throne while the wicked suffer and ask for relief even if sent into hell fire.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:2
type: summary
locator: lines 4439-4442
quote_or_summary: The translator states that Muslims borrowed the extraordinary
heat of the sun on the last day from Jews, who say the sun will be drawn from
its sheath to punish the wicked.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:3
type: summary
locator: lines 4443-4450
quote_or_summary: After a limited waiting time, God appears to judge; Muhammad intercedes
after Adam, Noah, Abraham, and Jesus decline; God comes in clouds surrounded by
angels.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:4
type: summary
locator: lines 4450-4455
quote_or_summary: God produces books recording every person's actions by guardian
angels; prophets testify against their communities; each person is examined about
words and actions so that God's justice is acknowledged.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:5
type: summary
locator: lines 4455-4463
quote_or_summary: People must account for time, wealth, bodily use, and knowledge;
a report says seventy thousand followers of Muhammad enter paradise without prior
examination.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
- id: ev:6
type: summary
locator: lines 4463-4474
quote_or_summary: Each person answers and tries to shift blame for evil deeds; a
dispute arises between soul and body over guilt, with the soul asking that the
body be punished and the soul delivered.
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
rights_note: Public domain source; summary generated from supplied passage.
confidence:
extraction: medium
motif_candidates: medium
comparison_claims: medium
notes: The extraction is based only on the supplied line range. Confidence is limited
because the passage is commentary/translation apparatus, not a clearly delimited
primary passage, and the final soul-body sentence is cut off.
reviewer_status:
status: needs_review
reviewer: ''
reviewed_at: ''
notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
All motifs and symbols are derived from the provided passage and supplied taxonomy list only.
batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l4427-l4474
passage_sha256=0b3d562f1abcfba372e052251699f802fbe08c1c5259c13177bf769fcbb094e4