Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4373-l4424

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4373-l4424

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4373-l4424
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 4373-4424
  start: '4373'
  end: '4424'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: The passage describes categories of sinners and their bodily punishments;
    discusses the place where beings will be assembled for judgment after resurrection;
    states that humans, genii, and animals will be judged; and describes a prolonged
    waiting period before judgment, with angels keeping ranks and with differing signs
    and sufferings for the just and unjust.
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: Several categories of wrongdoers are assigned distinct bodily punishments,
    including gnawing tongues, severed hands and feet, fixation to palm trunks or
    wooden stakes, foul stench, and pitch-daubed garments.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: The place of assembly for judgment is said to be on the earth, but accounts
    differ about whether it is Syria, a white even tract, a silver second earth, or
    another transformed earth.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:3
  text: The stated end of resurrection is that the raised may give an account of their
    actions and receive their reward.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:4
  text: Mankind, genii, and irrational animals are all said to be judged on the great
    day.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:5
  text: Unarmed cattle are said to take vengeance on horned cattle until satisfaction
    is given to the injured.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:6
  text: Before judgment, angels keep assembled mankind in ranks and order for a long
    waiting period of disputed duration.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:7
  text: During the waiting period, people stand looking up to heaven without receiving
    information or orders from it.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:8
  text: The just and unjust both suffer during the waiting period, but the just have
    shining limbs associated with ablution and lighter, shorter suffering, while the
    unjust have blackened, sorrowful, deformed faces.
  category: attribute
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: learned men and doctors whose actions contradict their sayings
  description: A category of sinners whose tongues hang down and who gnaw them while
    corrupted blood flows from their mouths.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: those who have injured their neighbours
  description: A category of sinners whose hands and feet are cut off.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: false accusers and informers
  description: A category of sinners fixed to trunks of palm trees or stakes of wood.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: those who indulged passions and refused God due wealth
  description: A category of sinners who stink worse than a corrupted corpse.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: the proud, vainglorious, and arrogant
  description: A category of sinners clothed with garments daubed with pitch.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: mankind
  description: Human beings assembled after resurrection to give account and be judged.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: genii
  description: Non-human beings included among those judged on the great day.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: irrational animals
  description: Animals included among those judged on the great day.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:9
  name_or_label: unarmed cattle
  description: Animals said to take vengeance on horned cattle for injury.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:10
  name_or_label: horned cattle
  description: Animals from whom unarmed cattle take vengeance until satisfaction
    is given.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:11
  name_or_label: angels
  description: Beings who keep assembled mankind in ranks and order before judgment.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:12
  name_or_label: the just
  description: People whose ablution-washed limbs shine gloriously and whose suffering
    is lighter and shorter.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:13
  name_or_label: the unjust
  description: People whose faces are obscured with blackness and marked by sorrow
    and deformity.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: fig:14
  name_or_label: God
  description: The passage refers to wealth due to God and to divine judgment context.
  role_refs:
  - role:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: punished wrongdoer
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:13
  basis: These figures are described as receiving punishments or marked as unjust.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
- id: role:2
  label: being subject to judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  basis: The passage says mankind, genii, and irrational animals shall be judged on
    the great day.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:3
  label: injured avenger
  assigned_to:
  - fig:9
  basis: Unarmed cattle take vengeance on the horned until satisfaction is given.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: injuring party made to satisfy
  assigned_to:
  - fig:10
  basis: Horned cattle are the target of vengeance by unarmed cattle until satisfaction
    is given.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:5
  label: rank-keeper before judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:11
  basis: Angels keep assembled mankind in ranks and order while they wait for judgment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:6
  label: righteous sufferer before judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:12
  basis: The just suffer lightly and have shining limbs connected to ablution.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:7
  label: marked sufferer before judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:13
  basis: The unjust have blackened faces marked with sorrow and deformity.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: role:8
  label: divine recipient and judge-context figure
  assigned_to:
  - fig:14
  basis: The passage refers to what was due to God and frames resurrection as accountability
    and reward.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:3
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: transformed judgment earth
  literal_form: earth changed into another earth; also described in differing accounts
    as Syria, a white even tract, a silver second earth, or another earth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:2
  label: gnawed tongue and corrupted blood
  literal_form: tongues hanging down on the breast, gnawed, with corrupted blood flowing
    from the mouth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:3
  label: severed hands and feet
  literal_form: hands and feet cut off
  associated_figures:
  - fig:2
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:4
  label: palm trunks or wooden stakes
  literal_form: trunks of palm trees or stakes of wood used to fix false accusers
    and informers
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:5
  label: pitch-daubed garments
  literal_form: garments daubed with pitch worn by the proud, vainglorious, and arrogant
  associated_figures:
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: sym:6
  label: shining ablution limbs
  literal_form: limbs, especially parts washed for ceremonial ablution before prayer,
    shining gloriously
  associated_figures:
  - fig:12
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:7
  label: blackened face
  literal_form: faces obscured with blackness and disfigured with marks of sorrow
    and deformity
  associated_figures:
  - fig:13
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:8
  label: upward gaze to heaven
  literal_form: assembled people standing and looking up to heaven without receiving
    orders or information
  associated_figures:
  - fig:6
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Punishments of named sinner categories
  summary: Wrongdoers are listed with bodily punishments that correspond to their
    actions or moral faults.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:2
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Assembly place for judgment
  summary: The passage reviews differing accounts of where resurrected beings will
    assemble for judgment, including a transformed earth.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Universal judgment including animals
  summary: After resurrection, humans, genii, and animals are judged, and injured
    unarmed cattle take vengeance on horned cattle until satisfaction is made.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  - fig:9
  - fig:10
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Waiting before judgment
  summary: Angels hold mankind in ranks for a long duration while people look toward
    heaven and suffer; the just shine and suffer lightly, while the unjust are blackened
    and deformed.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:6
  - fig:11
  - fig:12
  - fig:13
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:6
  - sym:7
  - sym:8
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: Resurrection for final accountability
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage states that the raised give an account of their actions and receive
    reward, and that multiple classes of beings are judged.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage is explanatory prose and not a narrative episode from the
    Qur'an text itself.
- id: motif:2
  label: Judgment assembly on a transformed earth
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage describes the place of assembly for judgment and cites the expression
    that the earth shall be changed into another earth.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: high
  cautions: The exact location is presented as disputed among reported opinions.
- id: motif:3
  label: Punishment by bodily correspondence to sin
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: Distinct sinner categories receive distinctive bodily afflictions or humiliations,
    such as tongues punished for contradictory speech and limbs cut off for injuring
    neighbors.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  confidence: medium
  cautions: Only the sixth through tenth categories are included in this passage excerpt.
- id: motif:4
  label: Animal vindication at final judgment
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The passage says irrational animals will be judged and that unarmed cattle
    will take vengeance on horned cattle until satisfaction is given.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  confidence: high
  cautions: No separate taxonomy reference for animal judgment is supplied.
- id: motif:5
  label: Visible bodily signs of righteous and unrighteous status
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  basis: The just have shining limbs associated with prayer ablution, while the unjust
    have blackened and deformed faces.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage describes pre-judgment suffering, not the final sentence itself.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage itself notes a possible comparison between the transformed earth
    of judgment and scriptural language about new heavens and a new earth.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: scriptural motif of new heavens and new earth
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The passage phrases this as a possible influence or resemblance and
    does not establish historical contact.
- id: claim:2
  claim: The footnote reports a proposed comparison between animal judgment in this
    passage and Ezekiel's language about judgment between cattle.
  claim_level: same_function
  target: Ezekiel xxxiv. 17, 20-22 judgment between cattle
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  counter_evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
  confidence: low
  limitations: The note says Greaves supposed the opinion arose from Ezekiel but characterizes
    that as a wrong understanding; the comparison is therefore tentative and contested
    within the passage apparatus.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4373-4384
  quote_or_summary: 'The excerpt lists the sixth through tenth punishments: contradictory
    learned men gnaw hanging tongues; those who injured neighbours lose hands and
    feet; false accusers are fixed to palm trunks or stakes; those indulging passions
    while withholding what is due to God stink like corpses; the proud wear pitch-daubed
    garments.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4385-4396
  quote_or_summary: 'The assembly for judgment is said to be on earth, with differing
    proposed locations or forms: Syria, a white even tract without buildings, a silver
    second earth, or another earth; the passage cites the expression that the earth
    shall be changed into another earth.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4397-4404
  quote_or_summary: The resurrection is for beings to account for their actions and
    receive reward; mankind, genii, and irrational animals are said to be judged,
    and unarmed cattle take vengeance on horned cattle until satisfaction is given.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4405-4424
  quote_or_summary: 'Assembled mankind is kept by angels in ranks before judgment
    for a disputed long duration; they stand looking to heaven without orders, suffer
    grievously, and differ visibly: the just have shining ablution-washed limbs and
    lighter suffering, while the unjust have blackened, sorrowful, deformed faces.'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: footnote 3 within lines 4418-4424
  quote_or_summary: The note says Greaves supposed the animal-judgment opinion arose
    from words in Ezekiel about judging between cattle, but it describes that as wrongly
    understood and quotes Ezekiel's flock and cattle imagery.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: The passage is clear for judgment, resurrection, punishment, and animal-vindication
    motifs. Comparison claims are limited to parallels explicitly raised by the passage
    or its footnote.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  Used only the supplied passage and metadata; taxonomy references are limited to supplied motif families and symbols.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l4373-l4424
  passage_sha256=4abf9767baedd1ea6fa6ebbb7ca1c13ea23600c9c65a341adfc204d6d9ecdd18