Comparative mythology corpus

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4268-l4319

batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4268-l4319

---
record_id: batch.motif.islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg-l4268-l4319
source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
passage_locator:
  label: SECTION I. / SECTION II. / SECTION III / SECTION IV.; lines 4268-4319
  start: '4268'
  end: '4319'
  translation: The Koran (Al-Qur'an)
  notes: Generated from OpenAI Batch run motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority;
    human review required.
canonical_text:
  quote: ''
  summary: 'The passage describes Islamic eschatological beliefs as presented by Sale:
    successive trumpet blasts bring universal death, later resurrection, the gathering
    of body parts and souls, rain from living water preparing bodies in graves, and
    the day of judgment. A note compares the repeated trumpet sounding with Jewish
    traditions.'
  language: English
  quote_policy: summarized
literal_observations:
- id: obs:1
  text: A first blast is said to be followed by a second blast called the blast of
    examination.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:2
  text: At the second blast, all creatures in heaven and earth die or are annihilated
    except those God exempts.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:3
  text: Only God, paradise, hell, their inhabitants, and the throne of glory are said
    to survive the common annihilation; the angel of death dies last.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: obs:4
  text: Forty years later, a third trumpet blast, called the blast of resurrection,
    is sounded by Israfil.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:5
  text: Israfil, Gabriel, and Michael are restored to life before the resurrection
    blast and stand on the rock of the temple of Jerusalem.
  category: setting
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: obs:6
  text: At God's command, dispersed bones, body parts, hairs, and souls are gathered
    for judgment.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: obs:7
  text: Souls are placed into Israfil's trumpet and, at the final sound, fly forth
    like bees to return to their bodies.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:8
  text: The earth opens and allows bodies to arise; according to a tradition cited
    in the passage, Mohammed is the first to arise.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: obs:9
  text: A rain is said to fall continually for forty years and to be supplied from
    living water under God's throne.
  category: object
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:10
  text: By the efficacy of the living water, dead bodies spring from graves like bodies
    in the womb or corn sprouting by rain.
  category: action
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:11
  text: Breath is breathed into the completed bodies, which then sleep in sepulchres
    until raised at the last trumpet.
  category: sequence
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: obs:12
  text: The day of judgment is described with two durations, one thousand years and
    fifty thousand years, and commentators offer explanations for the difference.
  category: speech
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
- id: obs:13
  text: A note states that in the circumstance of multiple trumpet soundings the Mohammedans
    follow the Jews, who also agree that the trumpet will sound more than once.
  category: relationship
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
figures:
- id: fig:1
  name_or_label: God
  description: The divine being who exempts some from annihilation, commands the resurrection
    summons, and has a throne under which living water is located.
  role_refs:
  - role:1
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:4
- id: fig:2
  name_or_label: Angel of death
  description: The last being who shall die after the common annihilation.
  role_refs:
  - role:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:3
  name_or_label: Israfil
  description: The angel who is restored to life, stands on the rock of the temple
    of Jerusalem, sets the trumpet to his mouth, gathers souls, and sounds the resurrection
    blast.
  role_refs:
  - role:3
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: fig:4
  name_or_label: Gabriel
  description: An angel restored to life before the resurrection blast and standing
    with Israfil and Michael.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:5
  name_or_label: Michael
  description: An angel restored to life before the resurrection blast and standing
    with Israfil and Gabriel.
  role_refs:
  - role:4
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: fig:6
  name_or_label: Mohammed
  description: According to a tradition cited in the passage, he is the first to arise
    when bodies are raised.
  role_refs:
  - role:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: fig:7
  name_or_label: Creatures in heaven and earth
  description: All creatures subject to death or annihilation at the blast of examination,
    except those God exempts.
  role_refs:
  - role:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: fig:8
  name_or_label: The dead / resurrected bodies and souls
  description: Dispersed bones, body parts, hairs, and souls gathered to judgment
    and reunited for resurrection.
  role_refs:
  - role:7
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
roles:
- id: role:1
  label: divine commander and exception-maker
  assigned_to:
  - fig:1
  basis: God exempts some from the common fate and commands Israfil's summoning and
    final sound.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:2
  label: last to die
  assigned_to:
  - fig:2
  basis: The passage says the angel of death will be the last who shall die.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:3
  label: resurrection trumpet angel
  assigned_to:
  - fig:3
  basis: Israfil sounds the third trumpet, gathers souls, and releases them at the
    final sound.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: role:4
  label: restored angelic attendants
  assigned_to:
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  basis: Gabriel and Michael are restored to life and stand with Israfil before the
    resurrection blast.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: role:5
  label: first resurrected human
  assigned_to:
  - fig:6
  basis: A cited tradition says Mohammed will be the first to arise.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: role:6
  label: annihilated creation
  assigned_to:
  - fig:7
  basis: Creatures in heaven and earth die or are annihilated at the blast of examination
    except those God exempts.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: role:7
  label: subjects of resurrection and judgment
  assigned_to:
  - fig:8
  basis: Bones, body parts, hairs, and souls are gathered to judgment and restored
    to bodies.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
symbols:
- id: sym:1
  label: trumpet blasts
  literal_form: 'Repeated trumpet sounds: blast of examination and blast of resurrection'
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:7
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: sym:2
  label: rock of the temple of Jerusalem
  literal_form: Rock of the temple of Jerusalem where Israfil, Gabriel, and Michael
    stand
  associated_figures:
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
- id: sym:3
  label: living water
  literal_form: Water under the throne of God supplying the resurrection rain
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:4
  label: resurrection rain
  literal_form: Rain falling continually for forty years, resembling human seed and
    causing bodies to spring forth
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs:
  - water
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: sym:5
  label: opening earth and graves
  literal_form: The earth opens and dead bodies spring from graves
  associated_figures:
  - fig:8
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
- id: sym:6
  label: throne of glory
  literal_form: God's throne, which survives annihilation and under which living water
    is located
  associated_figures:
  - fig:1
  taxonomy_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:4
scenes:
- id: scene:1
  label: Blast of examination and annihilation
  summary: A second blast follows the first; creatures in heaven and earth die or
    are annihilated except those God exempts, and the angel of death dies last.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:2
  - fig:7
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
- id: scene:2
  label: Restored angels at Jerusalem and resurrection summons
  summary: After forty years, Israfil, Gabriel, and Michael are restored and stand
    on the rock of the temple of Jerusalem; Israfil sounds the resurrection trumpet
    and gathers dispersed body parts and souls.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:3
  - fig:4
  - fig:5
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:2
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
- id: scene:3
  label: Souls return to bodies
  summary: Souls fly from the trumpet like bees, fill the space between heaven and
    earth, and return to their respective bodies as the earth opens and bodies arise;
    Mohammed is said to arise first.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:3
  - fig:6
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:1
  - sym:5
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:3
- id: scene:4
  label: Rain and living water prepare resurrection bodies
  summary: A long rain supplied from living water under God's throne causes dead bodies
    to grow from graves like gestation or sprouting corn; breath is breathed into
    them before the last raising.
  figure_refs:
  - fig:1
  - fig:8
  symbol_refs:
  - sym:3
  - sym:4
  - sym:5
  - sym:6
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
- id: scene:5
  label: Duration of the judgment day discussed
  summary: The passage reports two scriptural durations for the day of judgment and
    summarizes commentators' attempts to reconcile them.
  figure_refs: []
  symbol_refs: []
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:5
candidate_motifs:
- id: motif:1
  label: universal death before resurrection
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  - death_rebirth
  basis: The passage describes near-universal annihilation followed by a later trumpet
    blast that restores the dead to life.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage frames this as eschatological resurrection rather than a cyclical
    seasonal or heroic death-and-return narrative.
- id: motif:2
  label: divine judgment after bodily restoration
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - resurrection
  basis: Dispersed bodies and souls are gathered to judgment and restored before the
    last day of judgment.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  - ev:3
  - ev:5
  confidence: high
  cautions: The passage excerpt stops before a detailed account of judgment proceedings.
- id: motif:3
  label: resurrection by life-giving water or rain
  taxonomy_refs:
  - resurrection
  basis: Rain supplied from living water under God's throne causes bodies to spring
    from graves before breath is breathed into them.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:4
  confidence: high
  cautions: The available motif taxonomy has no separate life-water motif family;
    the assigned taxonomy reference is limited to resurrection.
- id: motif:4
  label: sacred center as resurrection station
  taxonomy_refs:
  - world_center
  basis: The angels stand on the rock of the temple of Jerusalem when the resurrection
    trumpet is sounded and the dead are summoned.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:2
  confidence: medium
  cautions: The text states the location but does not explicitly call it a world center;
    the motif classification is interpretive and should be reviewed.
- id: motif:5
  label: multiple eschatological trumpet blasts
  taxonomy_refs:
  - divine_judgment
  - resurrection
  basis: The passage distinguishes multiple blasts, including the blast of examination
    and the blast of resurrection, and notes disagreement over whether there are two
    or three sounds.
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:1
  - ev:2
  - ev:6
  confidence: high
  cautions: The motif is not a named taxonomy family in the supplied list, so taxonomy
    links are functional rather than exact.
comparison_claims:
- id: claim:1
  claim: The passage itself notes a comparison between the Mohammedan account of multiple
    trumpet soundings and Jewish traditions that the trumpet will sound more than
    once.
  claim_level: same_motif
  target: Jewish tradition of repeated eschatological trumpet soundings
  evidence_refs:
  - ev:6
  counter_evidence_refs: []
  confidence: medium
  limitations: The comparison appears in Sale's note and names Jewish authorities,
    but the excerpt does not provide the Jewish passages themselves or details beyond
    repeated trumpet soundings.
evidence:
- id: ev:1
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4268-4274
  quote_or_summary: A second blast, called the blast of examination, brings death
    or annihilation to all creatures in heaven and earth except those God exempts;
    only God and certain eschatological realities survive, and the angel of death
    dies last.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:2
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4275-4281
  quote_or_summary: Forty years later the blast of resurrection is sounded by Israfil,
    who with Gabriel and Michael is restored to life and stands on the rock of the
    temple of Jerusalem to call together dispersed bodily remains for judgment.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:3
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4281-4288
  quote_or_summary: Israfil gathers souls into his trumpet; at God's command they
    fly out like bees, fill the space between heaven and earth, return to their bodies,
    and the earth opens so bodies arise, with Mohammed first according to a cited
    tradition.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:4
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4288-4296
  quote_or_summary: A forty-year rain, supplied from living water under God's throne,
    prepares resurrection bodies; the dead spring from graves like womb-formed bodies
    or corn sprouting by rain, then receive breath and await the last trumpet.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:5
  type: summary
  locator: lines 4297-4310
  quote_or_summary: The day of judgment is described as lasting either one thousand
    or fifty thousand years; commentators explain the difference in several ways,
    including figurative language and the difficulty of the day's business.
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; summarized.
- id: ev:6
  type: quote
  locator: lines 4315-4319
  quote_or_summary: '"the Mohammedans follow the Jews, who also agree that the trumpet
    will sound more than once"'
  source_text_path: texts/public-domain/islamic/project-gutenberg/koran-sale.md
  rights_note: Public domain source; short excerpt quoted.
confidence:
  extraction: high
  motif_candidates: medium
  comparison_claims: medium
  notes: Literal extraction is direct from the supplied passage. Motif labels are
    constrained to the supplied taxonomy and should be reviewed, especially the world-center
    classification. The comparison claim relies only on the passage's own footnote.
reviewer_status:
  status: needs_review
  reviewer: ''
  reviewed_at: ''
  notes: Machine-generated draft from OpenAI Batch; not human-reviewed.
extracted_by: openai_batch:gpt-5.5
extracted_at: '2026-04-28'
notes: |-
  No external sources or taxonomy IDs beyond the supplied lists were used.
  batch_run_id=motif-extraction-2026-04-28-high-priority
  custom_id=motif_extract:islamic-koran-sale-gutenberg__l4268-l4319
  passage_sha256=70377f0a0927b9e724e4085f4f24c3e561724b92c3e18ba71eeb8c1351e309f6